2019年经济学人 一周要闻 俄罗斯禁赛4年 法国罢工愈演愈烈 芬兰美女总理走红

 

Militants¹ killed 73 soldiers in an army base in western Niger. The attack, the deadliest in years, highlights the rapidly deteriorating² security situation across the Sahel.

武装分子在尼日尔西部的一个军事基地杀死了73名士兵。这次袭击是近年来伤亡人数最多的一次，凸显了整个萨赫勒地区安全局势的迅速恶化。

Security forces in Nigeria seized Omoyele Sowore, a journalist and activist³, while he was appearing in court the day after judges had forced the state to release him. Mr Sowore, who had been held since August, has been charged with treason after criticising President Muhammadu Buhari and calling for civil unrest.

尼日利亚安全部队逮捕了奥摩耶·索维尔（Omoyele sowear），他是一名记者和活动家，他是在法官迫使政府释放他的第二天出现在法庭上的。自8月以来一直被关押的索维尔因批评总统穆罕默杜·布哈里(Muhammadu Buhari)并呼吁国内动乱而被控叛国罪。

What about Shia Muslims?

什叶派穆斯林怎么办？

India’s parliament passed a law offering a fast track to citizenship⁴ to minorities who face persecution⁵ in Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan, as long as they aren’t Muslim. The new law applies to Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists⁶, Christians⁷ and others. Muslims condemned⁸ it as an attempt by India’s Hindu-nationalist government to marginalise them. The law has been appealed to the Supreme⁹ Court.

印度议会通过了一项法律，为那些在阿富汗、孟加拉国和巴基斯坦面临迫害的少数民族提供获得公民身份的捷径，前提是他们不是穆斯林。新法适用于印度教徒、锡克教徒、佛教徒、基督教徒和其他人。穆斯林谴责这是印度的印度教民族主义政府试图将他们边缘化。这项法律已被上诉至最高法院。

Aung San Suu Kyi defended Myanmar against charges of genocide at the International Court of Justice in The Hague. The Nobel peace-prize winner described the Myanmarese army’s bloody¹⁰ crackdown on Rohingya Muslims in 2017, in which thousands were killed or raped¹¹ and 700,000 fled to Bangladesh, as an internal conflict started by Rohingya militants.

昂山素季在海牙国际法庭为缅甸就种族灭绝指控进行辩护。这位诺贝尔和平奖得主称，2017年缅甸军队对罗兴亚穆斯林的血腥镇压是罗兴亚武装分子挑起的一场内部冲突，这场镇压导致数千人被杀或强奸，70万人逃往孟加拉国。

Police in Malaysia said they would interview Anwar Ibrahim, the country’s prime-minister-in-waiting, about an allegation that he sexually assaulted a male aide. As leader of the opposition¹² in 1999 Mr Anwar was imprisoned¹³ on trumped-up charges of sodomy, which is illegal in Malaysia. He dismissed the allegation as political.

马来西亚警方表示，他们将对该国候任总理安瓦尔·易卜拉欣(Anwar Ibrahim)进行采访，以了解他对一名男性助手实施性侵的指控。1999年，作为反对党领袖的安瓦尔因捏造的鸡奸罪名而入狱，鸡奸在马来西亚是非法的。他否认这一指控，称其是出于政治目的。

Voters in Bougainville, an autonomous¹⁴ region of Papua New Guinea, voted by 98% to 2% for independence. Bougainville has long had a distinct identity; 15,000-20,000 people were killed in a civil war that was fuelled by separatist grievances¹⁵ and ended in 1998. The referendum, however, is non-binding.

巴布亚新几内亚布干维尔自治区的选民以98%对2%的投票结果支持独立。布干维尔长期以来拥有独特的身份;在1998年结束的一场由分裂分子不满情绪推动的内战中，有1.5万至2万人丧生。然而，这一公投不具约束力。

France’s prime minister unveiled details of the government’s plan for pension reforms, which put some of the toughest changes off into the future. But this may not be enough to halt a wave of strikes that have shut down most of the rail network, many schools and the Paris Métro.

法国总理公布了政府养老金改革计划的细节，将一些最艰难的改革推迟到未来。但这可能不足以阻止罢工浪潮，罢工导致大部分铁路网络关闭，许多学校停课和巴黎地铁停运。

A new government was sworn in in Finland. All five of the parties in the new ruling coalition¹⁶ are led by women.

芬兰新政府宣誓就职。新执政联盟中的所有五个政党均由女性领导。

Russia was banned from major sporting competitions for a period of four years, which will cover next year’s Olympics, after revelations that it had hacked¹⁷ and faked medical records dealing¹⁸ with doping. The ban contains significant loopholes, however.

俄罗斯被禁止未来四年参加任何大型体育赛事，这四年将涵盖明年的奥运会。此前有消息披露，俄罗斯曾入侵并伪造与兴奋剂有关的医疗记录。然而，这项禁令存在重大漏洞。

1 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

2 deteriorating   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The weather conditions are deteriorating. 天气变得越来越糟。
• I was well aware of the bad morale and the deteriorating factories. 我很清楚，大家情绪低落，各个工厂越搞越坏。

3 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。

4 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

5 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

6 Buddhists   

n.佛教徒( Buddhist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Jesuits in a phase of ascendancy, persecuted and insulted the Buddhists with great acrimony. 处于地位上升阶段的耶稣会修士迫害佛教徒，用尖刻的语言辱骂他们。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史
• The return of Saivite rule to central Java had brought no antagonism between Buddhists and Hindus. 湿婆教在中爪哇恢复统治后，并没有导致佛教徒与印度教徒之间的对立。 来自辞典例句

7 Christians   

n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
• His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。

8 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

9 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

10 bloody   

adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染

参考例句：

• He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
• He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。

11 raped   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
• We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句

12 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

13 imprisoned   

下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was imprisoned for two concurrent terms of 30 months and 18 months. 他被判处30个月和18个月的监禁，合并执行。
• They were imprisoned for possession of drugs. 他们因拥有毒品而被监禁。

14 autonomous   

adj.自治的；独立的

参考例句：

• They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
• This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

15 grievances   

n.委屈( grievance的名词复数 )；苦衷；不满；牢骚

参考例句：

• The trade union leader spoke about the grievances of the workers. 工会领袖述说工人们的苦情。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• He gave air to his grievances. 他申诉了他的冤情。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

17 hacked   

生气

参考例句：

• I hacked the dead branches off. 我把枯树枝砍掉了。
• I'm really hacked off. 我真是很恼火。

18 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。