白领美丽英文诵典365 -091 Little or No Physical Activi

Little or no physical activity at work

Today, more and more jobs are sedentary. Half the respondents in a recent European Union survey reported little or no physical activity at work. At least two thirds of adults in Western Europe are not sufficiently¹ physically² active, and levels continue to fall. Physical inactivity causes up to 10% of deaths in the European Region of the World Health Organization ( WHO). Because most adults spend half their waking hours at work, a practical way of increasing daily physical activity is to include it during the working day or in transport to and from work.

The benefits of an active workplace extend to employees and employers alike. Physical activity enhances mood and performance and improves concentration. Workplaces that encourage regular physical activity report not only better health and fitness among employees but also increased productivity and morale³, reduced rates of injury, better employee relations, and improved team spirit and job satisfaction.

Physical activity has a major influence on our risk of developing several chronic⁴ diseases. The time we spend traveling to work and in the workplace can be used creatively to reduce that risk, and is a very cost-effective way of improving and maintaining people’s health. Says Dr Marc Danzon, WHO Regional Director for Europe.

Physical activity is an important component⁵ of both physical and mental health. Regular physical activity reduces the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes⁶ and cancer. Physical activity is not only a public health issue, but also promotes the well-being⁷ of communities and the protection of the environment. It is an investment for future generations.

Adults are encourages to take at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity a day, defined as any body movement that results in energy expenditure⁸. This includes walking, cycling, playing, housework, climbing stairs and sport. Children should take at least 60 minutes of physical activity every day.

1 sufficiently   

adv.足够地，充分地

参考例句：

• It turned out he had not insured the house sufficiently.原来他没有给房屋投足保险。
• The new policy was sufficiently elastic to accommodate both views.新政策充分灵活地适用两种观点。

2 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。

3 morale   

n.道德准则，士气，斗志

参考例句：

• The morale of the enemy troops is sinking lower every day.敌军的士气日益低落。
• He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。

4 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

5 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

6 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

7 well-being   

n.安康，安乐，幸福

参考例句：

• He always has the well-being of the masses at heart.他总是把群众的疾苦挂在心上。
• My concern for their well-being was misunderstood as interference.我关心他们的幸福，却被误解为多管闲事。

8 expenditure   

n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出；使用，消耗

参考例句：

• The entry of all expenditure is necessary.有必要把一切开支入账。
• The monthly expenditure of our family is four hundred dollars altogether.我们一家的开销每月共计四百元。