英语 英语 日语 日语 韩语 韩语 法语 法语 德语 德语 西班牙语 西班牙语 意大利语 意大利语 阿拉伯语 阿拉伯语 葡萄牙语 葡萄牙语 越南语 越南语 俄语 俄语 芬兰语 芬兰语 泰语 泰语 泰语 丹麦语 泰语 对外汉语

经济学人:美国民主的固有偏向(1)

时间:2019-01-31 03:55来源:互联网 提供网友:mapleleaf   字体: [ ]
特别声明:本栏目内容均从网络收集或者网友提供,供仅参考试用,我们无法保证内容完整和正确。如果资料损害了您的权益,请与站长联系,我们将及时删除并致以歉意。
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

 Voting reform 投票改革

American democracy's built-in bias1 美国民主的固有偏向
Its elections no longer convert the popular will into control of government 美国选举不再将民意转化为政府控制力
Every system for converting votes into power has its flaws. 每个将选票转化为权力的体系都有其缺陷。
Britain suffers from an over-mighty executive; 英国因强权领袖而深受其害;
Italy from chronically2 weak government; 意大利苦于长期软弱无能的政府;
Israel from small, domineering factions3. 以色列则因小而霸道的派系而遭受困局。
America, however, is plagued by the only democratic vice4 more troubling than the tyranny of the majority: tyranny of the minority. 然而,美国却囿于比多数人暴政更令人不安的民主弊端,即少数人暴政。
This has come about because of a growing division between rural and urban voters. 之所以发生这样的情况,是因为农村和城市选民间的分歧越来越大。
The electoral system the Founders5 devised, and which their successors elaborated, 开国元勋们所设计、继任者发扬的选举制度,
gives rural voters more clout6 than urban ones. 使得农村选民的影响力更甚于城市选民。
When the parties stood for both city and country that bias affected7 them both. 由于两党都是即代表城市又代表农村,所以此偏向会对两党都产生影响。
But the Republican Party has become disproportionately rural and the Democratic Party disproportionately urban. 但共和党不匀称地偏向农村,民主党不匀称地偏向城市。
That means a red vote is worth more than a blue one. 这就意味着代表共和党的红色选票价值高于代表民主党的蓝色选票。
The consequences are dramatic. 结果是戏剧性的。
Republicans hold both the houses of Congress and the White House. 共和党控制着国会两院和白宫。
But in the three elections in 2012-16 their candidates got just 46% of the two-party vote for the Senate, 但在2012年至2016年的三次选举中,共和党候选人仅获得参议院两党选票的46%。
and they won the presidential vote in 2016 with 49%. 并在2016年以49%的比例赢得总统大选。
Our voting model predicts that, for Democrats8 to have a better than 50% chance of winning control of the House in November’s mid-term elections, 投票模型预测,民主党若想要11月中期选举赢得众议院控制权的可能性超过50%,
they will need to win the popular vote by around seven percentage points. 就需要7个点的优势赢得普选。
To put that another way, we think the Republicans have a 0.01% chance of winning the popular vote for the House. 换句话说,我们认为共和党有0.01%的机会赢得众议院普选。
But we estimate their chance of securing a majority of congressmen is about a third. 但我们估计,民主党赢得众议院普选的机会有三分之一。
In no other two-party system does the party that receives the most votes routinely find itself out of power. 在任何其他两党制体系中,经常获得多数票的政党都会获得权力。
 

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 bias 0QByQ     
n.偏见,偏心,偏袒;vt.使有偏见
参考例句:
  • They are accusing the teacher of political bias in his marking.他们在指控那名教师打分数有政治偏见。
  • He had a bias toward the plan.他对这项计划有偏见。
2 chronically yVsyi     
ad.长期地
参考例句:
  • Similarly, any pigment nevus that is chronically irritated should be excised. 同样,凡是经常受慢性刺激的各种色素痣切勿予以切除。
  • People chronically exposed to chlorine develop some degree of tolerance. 人长期接触氯气可以产生某种程度的耐受性。
3 factions 4b94ab431d5bc8729c89bd040e9ab892     
组织中的小派别,派系( faction的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The gens also lives on in the "factions." 氏族此外还继续存在于“factions〔“帮”〕中。 来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
  • rival factions within the administration 政府中的对立派别
4 vice NU0zQ     
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
参考例句:
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
5 founders 863257b2606659efe292a0bf3114782c     
n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
  • The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句
6 clout GXhzG     
n.用手猛击;权力,影响力
参考例句:
  • The queen may have privilege but she has no real political clout.女王有特权,但无真正的政治影响力。
  • He gave the little boy a clout on the head.他在那小男孩的头部打了一下。
7 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
8 democrats 655beefefdcaf76097d489a3ff245f76     
n.民主主义者,民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
  • The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》
本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交,仅供参考,部分栏目没有内容,如果您有更合适的内容,欢迎点击提交分享给大家。
------分隔线----------------------------
TAG标签:   经济学人
顶一下
(0)
0%
踩一下
(0)
0%
最新评论 查看所有评论
发表评论 查看所有评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:
听力搜索
推荐频道
论坛新贴