纪录片《你喝多了吗》 第38期：滥用酒精

It's not just like a neutral thing like having blood pressure taken.

这不像是一般的检查 比如测血压

This could actually be a very important result

这实际上是个非常重要的结果

that could link with the known family history that I have for alcoholism.

关系到我的酗酒家族史

People vary quite a bit in how they react to alcohol

人们对酒精的反应差别很大

both subjectively² and in terms of their brain activation³.

无论是主观上还是从大脑活动上来说

Let me first show you two extremes.

让我带您看看两个极端

So here's the brain of a person

这是对酒精表现出

who reacted with a very high sense of intoxication⁴.

愉悦兴奋的大脑扫描图

This is basically the critical part of the brain reward circuitry

这是大脑奖励环路的关键部分

of both sides and you can see how powerfully it lights up.

你可以看到它有多亮

That's a clear area of activation.

这块区域明显被激活

Absolutely.

正是如此

So this is one extreme and this person incidentally

所以这是个极端 顺便说一下

was family history positive.

这个人的酗酒家族史是阳性

There were people in his immediate⁵ family

他的直系亲属

who had had alcohol use disorders⁶.

肯定有人滥用酒精

Let's look at the person on the other extreme.

让我们看看另一个极端例子

That's easy. There's nothing. Nothing.

很明显 这里什么都没有 没反应

This guy incidentally did not have a family history of alcoholism

而且 这个人的家族史里没有酗酒

and did not report any subjective¹ sense of intoxication.

也没有对酒精的任何正面感觉

1 subjective   

a.主观(上)的，个人的

参考例句：

• The way they interpreted their past was highly subjective. 他们解释其过去的方式太主观。
• A literary critic should not be too subjective in his approach. 文学评论家的看法不应太主观。

2 subjectively   

主观地； 臆

参考例句：

• Subjectively, the demand of interest is the desire of human being. 荀子所说的对利的需要从主观上说就是人的欲望。
• A sound also has an amplitude, a property subjectively heard as loudness. 声音有振幅，振幅的主观感觉是声音的大小。

3 activation   

n. 激活，催化作用

参考例句：

• A computer controls the activation of an air bag.电脑控制着气囊的启动。

4 intoxication   

n.wild excitement;drunkenness；poisoning

参考例句：

• He began to drink, drank himself to intoxication, till he slept obliterated. 他一直喝，喝到他快要迷糊地睡着了。
• Predator: Intoxication-Damage over time effect will now stack with other allies. Predator:Intoxication,持续性伤害的效果将会与队友相加。

5 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

6 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》