欧美人文风情第61篇:克林姆--《吻》

 We're in the Belvedere in Vienna, and we're looking at Gustav Klimt's The Kiss from 1908, 我们在维也纳的美景宫美术馆，我们正在欣赏古斯塔夫˙克林姆于1908年的《吻》，

probably the most famous Klimt. 也许是克林姆最出名的画作。

And I actually have to admit that I have forgotten that the painting was almost a perfect square 我其实必须坦承我已忘了这幅画几乎是个完整的正方形，

because I've seen it in so many posters where it's been cut down and made into a rectangle. 因为我已经在许多被剪裁并做成长方形的海报中看过它。

It's a very large painting, and there's so much gold that it's hard not to think of a religious icon¹. 这是个非常大的画作，且有许多金箔，以致于很难不去想到圣像画。

And I think in some ways, Klimt was trying to create a modern icon 我认为在某些方面，克林姆正试着创作一个现代的圣像

—something that suggested a sense of transcendence. －－某些暗示出超然感的东西。

Well, there's no question that the gold here makes you think of the Byzantine tradition 嗯，毫无疑问这里的金箔让你想到拜占庭传统

—maybe some of the tile work at Ravenna. －－也许一些在拉温纳的磁砖艺术。

There is a way that patterning, especially around the faces, becomes a kind of a halo as well. 有个方式，特别是在脸部周围，那图形也变成一种光晕的方式。

You have Klimt building up the gold. 你有克林姆铺叠那金箔。

He's got those gold circles that actually rise off the surfaces of the canvas, 他有那些确实从画布表面升起的金色圆圈、

and catch the light much the way that the gold was tooled in medieval paintings. 捕捉到那光线，大致像金箔在中古世纪画作被利用的那方式。

There is this sense of the male figure, of patterns that are direct linear in contrast to the curvilinear, 有这种男性人物的概念、这种直接线性的图形概念，

to the circles and the ovals that we see in the female form. 相反于曲线、相反于我们从女性外形上看到的圆圈和椭圆形。

But the point that you made about the sense of the spiritual is so powerful in this painting. 但你所提出关于心灵概念的看法在这幅画作中是如此强而有力。

I think we forget that that darker gold ground seems so much 我认为我们忘记那较深的金色底色看似如此之多，

as if the figures are somehow being dissipated into the cosmos² that 好似人物们不知怎么地消失进入和谐的宇宙里，以至于

they are so lost in the intensity³, the eternity⁴ of that kiss. 他们是如此迷失在那个吻的强度、永恒之中。

And all removed from the everyday world. 且全都远离日常的世界。

I mean, we have to remember that this is a time of incredible modernization⁵ in Vienna. 我是说，我们必须记得这是在维也纳一段惊人的现代化时期。

The City of Vienna has been transformed in the previous 30 years into a modern city. 维也纳市在前三十年中已转型为现代城市。

Here, Klimt is abstracting a universal experience from the trauma⁶, the difficulties, the anxieties of everyday life. 此处，克林姆正从日常生活的创伤、困难、及焦虑中，将一个普遍的经验抽象化。

I think it's also important to see this in relationship to Klimt's Beethoven Frieze⁷, 我认为同样很重要的是要看到这个与克林姆的《贝多芬横饰带画》的关系，

where the figures confront evil forces, these mythic figures. 这幅画中的人物面对恶势力、这些神话人物。

And in the end, there's this embrace, this kiss, this emergence⁸ from evil into fulfillment and perfection. 在最后，有这个拥抱、这个亲吻、这个从邪恶进入成就和完美的现身。

A minute ago, we were looking at the painting by Egon Schiele called The Embrace. 一分钟前，我们正欣赏埃贡·席勒名为《拥抱》的画作。

But there, there was so much more of a sense of the physicality of the bodies. 但在那里，有更多身体形体特征的概念。

The way that the bodies really aren't present here and are cloaked in these decorative⁹ forms reminds us how much Klimt, 那些肉体实际上在此处并没有出现、且被这些装饰形式掩饰其中的方式，提醒我们，

although he was exploring this kind of sensuality, 虽然他正在探索这种感官享受，

was also disguising and covering it with a kind of decorative patterning. 克林姆同样以一种装饰的图形伪装、掩盖了多少事物。

And that's absolutely right, with the exception of the faces. 那是完全正确的，除了脸部之外。

And here, this is where the entire painting changes. 在这里，这里是整幅画作改变之处。

The female figure is completely full-frontal but horizontal, 女性人物是完全朝向前方但也是横向的，

so that there's this beautiful sense of her passivity, receiving that kiss, 所以这里有这种她被动的美感概念，接收那吻，

but also kind of deep interior feeling with her eyes closed. 但同样随着她的双眼闭上也有种深入的内心感受。

Her fingers just delicately touching¹⁰ his as he holds her head. 她的手指就这样微妙地摸着他的手指，就在他捧着她的头的时候。

And his neck reaches out and around. 他的脖子伸出到周围。

And you get the sense of his physical power through the strength of that neck, 你透过那脖子的力度感受到他体能的概念，

but also the intensity of his desire. 还有他欲望的强度。

And, of course, they're both crowned. On his head you can see a wreath of leaves. 而，当然，他们两个都被加上冠冕。在他的头上你可以看到一圈叶子。

On hers—almost as if they were the stars of the heavens. 在她的头上－－几乎就像它们是天堂的繁星。

Schiele gives us an image of a couple that's electrified¹¹ by kinds of agitated¹² outlines. 席勒给了我们一个被各种颤抖轮廓所刺激的情人画面。

Schiele is showing us a kind of truth through the energy of the moment, 席勒正透过那瞬间的能量展现某种真相给我们看，

whereas Klimt seems to be reaching out to a truth that is for all time. 然而克林姆似乎要伸向一个永恒的真实性。

That is so aestheticized it feels as if it has a degree of absolute permanence. 那是如此美学化的，感觉好似它有个绝对永恒的程度。

 

1 icon   

n.偶像，崇拜的对象，画像

参考例句：

• They found an icon in the monastery.他们在修道院中发现了一个圣像。
• Click on this icon to align or justify text.点击这个图标使文本排齐。

2 cosmos   

n.宇宙；秩序，和谐

参考例句：

• Our world is but a small part of the cosmos.我们的世界仅仅是宇宙的一小部分而已。
• Is there any other intelligent life elsewhere in the cosmos?在宇宙的其他星球上还存在别的有智慧的生物吗？

3 intensity   

n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度

参考例句：

• I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue.我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
• The strike is growing in intensity.罢工日益加剧。

4 eternity   

n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷

参考例句：

• The dull play seemed to last an eternity.这场乏味的剧似乎演个没完没了。
• Finally,Ying Tai and Shan Bo could be together for all of eternity.英台和山伯终能双宿双飞，永世相随。

5 modernization   

n.现代化，现代化的事物

参考例句：

• This will help us achieve modernization.这有助于我们实现现代化。
• The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。

6 trauma   

n.外伤，精神创伤

参考例句：

• Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
• The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。

7 frieze   

n.(墙上的)横饰带，雕带

参考例句：

• The Corinthian painter's primary ornamental device was the animal frieze.科林斯画家最初的装饰图案是动物形象的装饰带。
• A careful reconstruction of the frieze is a persuasive reason for visiting Liverpool. 这次能让游客走访利物浦展览会，其中一个具有说服力的原因则是壁画得到了精心的重建。

8 emergence   

n.浮现，显现，出现，（植物）突出体

参考例句：

• The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
• Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生，随着社会的发展而发展的。

9 decorative   

adj.装饰的，可作装饰的

参考例句：

• This ware is suitable for decorative purpose but unsuitable for utility.这种器皿中看不中用。
• The style is ornate and highly decorative.这种风格很华丽，而且装饰效果很好。

10 touching   

adj.动人的，使人感伤的

参考例句：

• It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
• His letter was touching.他的信很感人。

11 electrified   

v.使电气化( electrify的过去式和过去分词 )；使兴奋

参考例句：

• The railway line was electrified in the 1950s. 这条铁路线在20世纪50年代就实现了电气化。
• The national railway system has nearly all been electrified. 全国的铁路系统几乎全部实现了电气化。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 agitated   

adj.被鼓动的，不安的

参考例句：

• His answers were all mixed up,so agitated was he.他是那样心神不定，回答全乱了。
• She was agitated because her train was an hour late.她乘坐的火车晚点一个小时，她十分焦虑。