欧美人文风情第129篇:富士康内幕 - 独家检视iPad制造过程

 It's seven in the morning at the gates of Foxconn's Long-Hua factory campus in the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen. 现在是早上七点，在南中国深圳市的富士康龙华厂区大门口。

Nearly a quarter million people work at this factory. 有将近二十五万人在这工厂工作。

The average age around is from eighteen to twenty-five years old. 这里的平均年纪是十八到二十五岁。

Ninety-nine percent of them are migrant workers. 他们有百分之九十九是外地来的打工仔。

They traveled across China to earn money to send back home. 他们长途跋涉穿过中国去赚钱寄回家。

Outside the iPad production line, the supervisor¹ gives the workers their daily assembling line assignment. 在iPad的生产线外面，主管给工人们他们每日的组装线工作。

The first part of the assembling line is this floor where workers assemble the iPads' motherboard. 组装线上第一部分是这一楼，工人们在此组装iPad的主机板。

Foxconn recently introduced machines to do part of the work on this line. 富士康最近引进了机器去做这条线上部份的工作。

Here a machine attaches a tiny buckle² to the motherboard. 这里的一台机器把一个小扣子装上主机板。

If anything goes wrong with this particular iPad, Apple uses this buckle to trace the machine back to this line on this date. 如果这台特定的iPad发生问题，苹果用这颗扣子去回头追踪这台机器直到这个日期的这条组装线。

Later on in the assembling line the motherboard and other components⁴ are installed inside the iPad housing. 之后在组装线上主机板和其他的元件被安装入iPad的外壳里。

Each step in the line adds a new component³. Some steps just take seconds to complete. 组装线上每一步骤都加装上一个新元件。某些制程只需要花几秒钟就可完成。

Like this step where machine is used to press the iPad battery into the housing. 像是这道制程，用机器把iPad电池压入机壳。

Workers usually rotate their jobs every few days. 工人们通常每过几天就轮换他们的工作内容。

Workers on this line start out making around fourteen dollars a day. 刚开始时，这些线上的工人们一天赚大约十四美金。

After a couple of years, their salary doubles. 几年之后，他们的薪水会加倍。

After workers install the LED touchscreen display, the iPad is nearly complete. 在工人装上LED触控荧幕之后，iPad几乎完成了。

But first, the iPad takes a ride on a machine that tests its gyroscope, which is used when playing video games. 但是首先，iPad要放在一台机器上，测试它的陀螺仪，它是用来打电动的。

A few more screen tests, and the iPad is boxed up and sent to the addresses throughout the developed world. 再加上一些荧幕测试，iPad就被装箱寄到先进世界各地的客户家去。

The work is tedious and boring, but each day hundreds of people line up outside of the factory to apply for jobs here. 这工作是很冗长而使人厌烦的，但是每天有数百人在工厂外排队申请工作。

On this day, five hundred applicants⁵, many of them tired from traveling days from their home villages arrive with the hopes of working here. 这天，有五百个申请人，其中很多人怀着在这里工作的希望，千辛万苦的从老家村庄长途跋涉数天而来。

The supply is continuous. 劳工供应是持续不断的。

One reason is that compared to other Chinese factories, Foxconn is considered by workers to be one of the best. 其中一个原因是，跟其他中国工厂相比，工人们认为富士康是最棒的工厂之一。

The company has invested millions into amenities⁶ like athletic⁷ fields for its workers. 公司投资了数百万美金到福利设施上，像是员工运动场。

And unlike many factories in China, it pays its workers on time. 而且不像很多中国的工厂，它准时付工钱给工人。

Still more workers these days are leaving Shenzhen, return home to work. 最近仍然有更多工人离开深圳，回到家乡工作。

Foxconn has picked up on this trend. 富士康发现了这趋势。

It's located its newest factories in China's interior to be closer to where much of China's labor⁸ supply comes from. 它把它最新的工厂设在中国内陆，那里更接近大部分中国劳工的供给来源。

 

1 supervisor   

n.监督人，管理人，检查员，督学，主管，导师

参考例句：

• Between you and me I think that new supervisor is a twit.我们私下说，我认为新来的主管人是一个傻瓜。
• He said I was too flighty to be a good supervisor.他说我太轻浮不能成为一名好的管理员。

2 buckle   

n.扣子，带扣；v.把...扣住，由于压力而弯曲

参考例句：

• The two ends buckle at the back.带子两端在背后扣起来。
• She found it hard to buckle down.她很难专心做一件事情。

3 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

4 components   

（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分； 成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量； （混合物的）组成部分

参考例句：

• the components of a machine 机器部件
• Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

5 applicants   

申请人，求职人( applicant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
• He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。

6 amenities   

n.令人愉快的事物；礼仪；礼节；便利设施；礼仪( amenity的名词复数 )；便利设施；（环境等的）舒适；（性情等的）愉快

参考例句：

• The campsite is close to all local amenities. 营地紧靠当地所有的便利设施。
• Parks and a theatre are just some of the town's local amenities. 公园和戏院只是市镇娱乐设施的一部分。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 athletic   

adj.擅长运动的，强健的；活跃的，体格健壮的

参考例句：

• This area has been marked off for athletic practice.这块地方被划出来供体育训练之用。
• He is an athletic star.他是一个运动明星。

8 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。