英语 英语 日语 日语 韩语 韩语 法语 法语 德语 德语 西班牙语 西班牙语 意大利语 意大利语 阿拉伯语 阿拉伯语 葡萄牙语 葡萄牙语 越南语 越南语 俄语 俄语 芬兰语 芬兰语 泰语 泰语 泰语 丹麦语 泰语 对外汉语

时差N小时 与做道德决策有关的大脑部分

时间:2021-08-19 09:06来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
特别声明:本栏目内容均从网络收集或者网友提供,供仅参考试用,我们无法保证内容完整和正确。如果资料损害了您的权益,请与站长联系,我们将及时删除并致以歉意。
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

Yael, suppose there's a trolley1 that's about to run over five people.

雅艾尔,假设一辆有轨电车将要撞上五个人。

Do you flip2 the switch that will steer3 the trolley onto a different track if that means only one person will die?

这时扳动转辙器让电车行驶到另一条轨道上,但这意味着只会有一人丧命。你会这么做吗?

I sure would.

我会这么做。

Okay, now what if the only way you can save those five people is by pushing the stranger next to you into the trolley's path?

唐:好,那么如果拯救这五个人的唯一办法是把你身边的陌生人推到电车的轨道上,你觉得怎么样呢?

Yuck, Don. That would be wrong.

令人恶心, 唐。这是不对的。

You know, Yael, most people, when asked this question, answered the same way.

雅艾尔,大多数人被问到这个问题的时候,都会这么回答。

And moral philosophers and psychologists have been trying to figure out why.

伦理学家和心理学家一直在尝试弄清为什么会这样。

After all, in both cases, one person dies to save five.

毕竟,在这两种情况下,都是牺牲一人保全五人。

与做道德决策有关的大脑部分.jpgIn one study, scientists discovered that these two scenarios5 are processed by different parts of the brain.

在一项研究中,科学家们发现这两种场景是由大脑的不同部分处理的。

Flipping6 a switch, because it's more impersonal7, activates8 the part of the brain associated with memory.

扳动转辙器,因为这是非人性的动作,所以它只激活大脑中和记忆有关的那部分。

But the more personal scenario4 that requires actively9 killing10 a person activates the part of the brain associated with emotions.

而杀人这个场景更具人性色彩,所以会激活大脑中和感情有关的那部分。

Scientists speculate that a lot of our gut11 reactions to moral dilemmas12 may be affected13 by our upbringing.

科学家们推断,我们面对道德两难处境时的许多本能反应可能与我们受到的教育有关。

After all, as children we internalize the emotional reactions of those around us and store them in emotional brain circuits.

毕竟,在儿童时代,我们把身边人的情感反应内化并储存在情感大脑回路里。

Then, later, when we encounter a moral problem, these automatic gut feelings guide our decision-making.

然后,当我们遇到道德问题时,直觉就会自动指导我们做出决断。

Scientists hope that by figuring out how the brain behaves when people wrestle14 with difficult issues, we'll be able to understand how people with different backgrounds reach different conclusions on when it's okay to take a life.

科学家们希望通过弄清人们思考困难问题时大脑的运转方式,来帮助理解为什么不同背景的人在面对“可以取人性命”的问题时会得出不同的结论。

And everyone knows we could use a little more understanding.

并且,每一个人都知道我们可以多一些理解。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 trolley YUjzG     
n.手推车,台车;无轨电车;有轨电车
参考例句:
  • The waiter had brought the sweet trolley.侍者已经推来了甜食推车。
  • In a library,books are moved on a trolley.在图书馆,书籍是放在台车上搬动的。
2 flip Vjwx6     
vt.快速翻动;轻抛;轻拍;n.轻抛;adj.轻浮的
参考例句:
  • I had a quick flip through the book and it looked very interesting.我很快翻阅了一下那本书,看来似乎很有趣。
  • Let's flip a coin to see who pays the bill.咱们来抛硬币决定谁付钱。
3 steer 5u5w3     
vt.驾驶,为…操舵;引导;vi.驾驶
参考例句:
  • If you push the car, I'll steer it.如果你来推车,我就来驾车。
  • It's no use trying to steer the boy into a course of action that suits you.想说服这孩子按你的方式行事是徒劳的。
4 scenario lZoxm     
n.剧本,脚本;概要
参考例句:
  • But the birth scenario is not completely accurate.然而分娩脚本并非完全准确的。
  • This is a totally different scenario.这是完全不同的剧本。
5 scenarios f7c7eeee199dc0ef47fe322cc223be88     
n.[意]情节;剧本;事态;脚本
参考例句:
  • Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者,根据一些事故解说,石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
  • Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样,我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
6 flipping b69cb8e0c44ab7550c47eaf7c01557e4     
讨厌之极的
参考例句:
  • I hate this flipping hotel! 我讨厌这个该死的旅馆!
  • Don't go flipping your lid. 别发火。
7 impersonal Ck6yp     
adj.无个人感情的,与个人无关的,非人称的
参考例句:
  • Even his children found him strangely distant and impersonal.他的孩子们也认为他跟其他人很疏远,没有人情味。
  • His manner seemed rather stiff and impersonal.他的态度似乎很生硬冷淡。
8 activates 78ec2b8b23e0120508757d953f1013d1     
使活动,起动,触发( activate的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • Activates the window and displays it in its current size and position. 激活窗口,保持当前的大小及位置不变。
  • Pulling out the alarm switch activates alarm and pushing it deactivates it. 闹钟的开和关是通过拔出和按入闹铃开关实现的。
9 actively lzezni     
adv.积极地,勤奋地
参考例句:
  • During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
  • We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。
10 killing kpBziQ     
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财
参考例句:
  • Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
  • Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。
11 gut MezzP     
n.[pl.]胆量;内脏;adj.本能的;vt.取出内脏
参考例句:
  • It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing.冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
  • My immediate gut feeling was to refuse.我本能的直接反应是拒绝。
12 dilemmas 619646ac13737b880beb161dfe80967f     
n.左右为难( dilemma的名词复数 );窘境,困境
参考例句:
  • They dealt with their dilemmas by mixing perhaps unintentionally an explosive brew. 他们――也许是无意地――把爆炸性的佐料混合在一起,以此来应付困难处境。 来自辞典例句
  • Ten years later we encountered the same dilemmas in Vietnam. 十年后,我们又在越南遇到了同样进退两难的局面。 来自辞典例句
13 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
14 wrestle XfLwD     
vi.摔跤,角力;搏斗;全力对付
参考例句:
  • He taught his little brother how to wrestle.他教他小弟弟如何摔跤。
  • We have to wrestle with difficulties.我们必须同困难作斗争。
本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交,仅供参考,部分栏目没有内容,如果您有更合适的内容,欢迎点击提交分享给大家。
------分隔线----------------------------
TAG标签:   时差N小时
顶一下
(0)
0%
踩一下
(0)
0%
最新评论 查看所有评论
发表评论 查看所有评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:
听力搜索
推荐频道
论坛新贴