时代周刊:如果巴雷特任命成功(1)

Why Amy Coney Barrett could be a powerful heir to Antonin Scalia

为什么艾米·康尼·巴雷特可能成为安东尼·斯卡利亚的强大继任人

By Tessa Berenson

文/特萨·贝伦森

To hear U.S. Supreme¹ Court nominee² Amy Coney Barrett tell it, she is the late Justice Antonin Scalia's intellectual heir.

根据美国最高法院提名人艾米·康尼·巴雷特自己的说法，她继承了已故大法官安东宁·斯卡利亚的智慧。

"His judicial³ philosophy is mine too," Barrett said at her nomination⁴ ceremony at the White House on Sept. 26.

“他的司法理念也是我的司法理念，”巴雷特9月26日在白宫举行的提名仪式上说。

In important ways, that's true.

此言不虚，从某些颇为重要的角度而言。

Barrett, who clerked for Scalia, practices both originalism,

巴雷特曾担任斯卡利亚的书记员，她既推行原旨主义，

which interprets the Constitution according to what adherents⁵ claim was the framers' intent,

主张按照拥护者所谓的制定者本意解释宪法，

and textualism, which interprets laws based on the meaning of the words rather than the aims of the legislators.

也推行文本注意，主张根据文本的含义而非立法者的意图来解释法律。

But there is a significant difference between the two: style.

不过，两人依然存在一个明显的不同：风格。

While Scalia could be brutal⁶ in his opinions, castigating⁷ ideological⁸ opponents, Barrett is diplomatic.

斯卡利亚发表观点有时会很残酷，会严厉抨击对方意识形态的人，巴雷特很则更圆通。

Her friends, former students and colleagues describe her as confident in her legal analyses, willing to debate and unfailingly polite.

她的朋友、她以前的学生以及同事一致表示，她对自己的法律分析充满信心，愿意辩论，且总是表现得彬彬有礼。

Of the current Justices, "she'd be most like Scalia" philosophically⁹, says Judge Laurence Silberman of the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals,

在现任法官中，就思想而言，“她应该是最像斯卡利亚的那个”，哥伦比亚特区巡回上诉法院法官劳伦斯·西尔伯曼表示，

but "her rhetoric¹⁰ would be much less combustible¹¹."

但“她的言辞远没有斯卡利亚那么重的火药味儿”。

That, say supporters and detractors, may make Barrett a powerful advocate of Scalia's legacy¹².

她的支持者和反对者一致表示，这一特色或将帮助她成为一名强有力的斯卡利亚遗产倡导者。

While Scalia was famously friends with Ruth Bader Ginsburg outside of court,

众所周知，斯卡利亚与露丝·巴德·金斯伯格私下十分要好，

his take-no-prisoners opinions at work sometimes alienated¹³ fellow conservatives.

但有时，他工作中那种毫不妥协的态度也让很多保守派同僚都对他敬而远之。

Barrett's collegiality, in contrast, may help her pull the court's new six-Justice conservative majority further to the right.

相比之下，巴雷特的合议制或许将有助于她带动最高法院最近新敲定的6名多数派保守党法官进一步右倾。

"She might be able to work the middle, where the other conservatives are,

“她或许能够说服中间——其他保守派法官所处的位置——保守派，

even though her position is not necessarily of moderate conservatism,"

尽管她的立场不一定都是温和保守主义立场，”

says Melissa Murray, an NYU professor of constitutional law.

纽约大学宪法教授梅丽莎·默里表示。

Julie Gunnigle, a liberal prosecutor¹⁴ and one of the judge's former students,

朱莉·冈尼格尔，自由派检察官，另一名艾米·康尼·巴雷特法官的前学生，

says that Barrett's combination of ideology¹⁵ and courtesy makes her "more effective, more dangerous,"

她说，思想与礼貌的结合使得巴雷特（比斯卡利亚）“效率更高，也更危险”，

positioning her to influence not just votes but also the language of opinions that become the law of the land.

她能左右的将不止投票，还有成为这片土地的法律的意见所使用的语言。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。

3 judicial   

adj.司法的，法庭的，审判的，明断的，公正的

参考例句：

• He is a man with a judicial mind.他是个公正的人。
• Tom takes judicial proceedings against his father.汤姆对他的父亲正式提出诉讼。

4 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

5 adherents   

n.支持者，拥护者( adherent的名词复数 )；党羽；徒子徒孙

参考例句：

• He is a leader with many adherents. 他是个有众多追随者的领袖。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The proposal is gaining more and more adherents. 该建议得到越来越多的支持者。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 brutal   

adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的

参考例句：

• She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
• They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。

7 castigating   

v.严厉责骂、批评或惩罚（某人）( castigate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Do not overdo your privilege of reproving or castigating me. 不要过分使用责备我的特权；不要对我倚老卖老。 来自互联网
• He is capable of castigating his own country. 他也会痛诋他的祖国。 来自互联网

8 ideological   

a.意识形态的

参考例句：

• He always tries to link his study with his ideological problems. 他总是把学习和自己的思想问题联系起来。
• He helped me enormously with advice on how to do ideological work. 他告诉我怎样做思想工作，对我有很大帮助。

9 philosophically   

adv.哲学上；富有哲理性地；贤明地；冷静地

参考例句：

• He added philosophically that one should adapt oneself to the changed conditions. 他富于哲理地补充说，一个人应该适应变化了的情况。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Harry took his rejection philosophically. 哈里达观地看待自己被拒的事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 rhetoric   

n.修辞学，浮夸之言语

参考例句：

• Do you know something about rhetoric?你懂点修辞学吗？
• Behind all the rhetoric,his relations with the army are dangerously poised.在冠冕堂皇的言辞背后，他和军队的关系岌岌可危。

11 combustible   

a. 易燃的,可燃的; n. 易燃物,可燃物

参考例句：

• Don't smoke near combustible materials. 别在易燃的材料附近吸烟。
• We mustn't take combustible goods aboard. 我们不可带易燃品上车。

12 legacy   

n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西

参考例句：

• They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
• He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。

13 alienated   

adj.感到孤独的，不合群的v.使疏远( alienate的过去式和过去分词 )；使不友好；转让；让渡（财产等）

参考例句：

• His comments have alienated a lot of young voters. 他的言论使许多年轻选民离他而去。
• The Prime Minister's policy alienated many of her followers. 首相的政策使很多拥护她的人疏远了她。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 prosecutor   

n.起诉人；检察官，公诉人

参考例句：

• The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。
• The prosecutor would tear your testimony to pieces.检查官会把你的证言驳得体无完肤。

15 ideology   

n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识

参考例句：

• The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
• The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。