英语听力—环球英语 504 Pamoja FM

　　Voice 1
Welcome to Spotlight¹. I'm Ruby² Jones.
Voice 2
And I'm Ryan Geertsma. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
Voice 1
Kibera - the name is well-known in the city of Nairobi, in Kenya. More than 700,000 people live in this part of the large city. The area suffers from great poverty. Many of Kibera's homes lack security³. They are small and not well built. And most do not have clean water or toilets. Kibera is Africa's second largest slum⁴.
Voice 2
Kibera also experiences much violence. It is a difficult place to live. However, many are proud to call Kibera their home. And many are working hard to improve life in Kibera. Today's Spotlight is on a radio station that is doing just that. Kibera's Pamoja FM not only broadcasts news and music. It also informs and empowers the people of Kibera.
Voice 1
Pamoja is the Swahili word for "together." And that is what the workers of Pamoja FM do - they work together to make life better in Kibera. Workers at Pamoja come from different ethnic⁵ and religious groups. But they all want what is best for the community.
Voice 2
Pamoja started as a young adult development center in Kibera. The center's goal was to "help Kiberans to help themselves." A few years ago, the center decided⁶ to find a new way of helping⁷ Kiberans.
Voice 1
The group first thought about starting a community newspaper. However, they finally decided that a newspaper was not a good idea.
Voice 2
The director of Pamoja FM, Muchiri Kioi, talked with a Nairobi newsgroup about why they changed their minds. He said,
Voice 3
"Not many people in Kibera would ever buy a newspaper. And, more importantly, there are many here who can not read."
Voice 2
So instead, the group started a radio station. Radio seemed much more promising⁸ for Kibera. With radio, it would not be necessary for listeners to know how to read. Also, most Kenyans get their news from radio. And in poorer areas, more people own radios than televisions.
Voice 1
Pamoja FM's goal is still to "help Kiberans to help themselves." However, their method has changed. And this has brought many good things. Muchiri Kioi talked with a Nairobi newsgroup about the change from a community center to a radio station. He said,
Voice 3
"We have got a wider network now. We have broadened⁹ our wings. But we are still Pamoja. We are still trying to bring Kiberans together."
Voice 2
There are many radio stations in the Nairobi area. However, Mr. Kioi explained why a station like Pamoja was still needed. He said,
Voice 3
"Common broadcasters just are not touching¹⁰ on anything to do with day to day life in Kibera...If you listen to any other radio station, it is like the million people living in Kibera do not exist."
Voice 1
Pamoja FM plays music and news like other radio stations. However, it also covers issues important to Kibera - issues like the environment, women's rights, drugs and community development.
Voice 2
Philip Muhatia is a radio presenter¹¹ at Pamoja FM. He recently talked with the news group BBC. He shared both the good and bad things about broadcasting in Kibera.
Voice 1
Not long ago, Philip was attacked by a group of men with guns. They forced him to the ground and took his money. These kinds of events make Philip's working in Kibera difficult.
Voice 2
However, Philip still loves what he does. He told the BBC, what he likes best about working in Kibera.
Voice 4
"All in all, I have to say I am very positive because the slum has improved much compared to how it used to be...We have electricity now. You will also find places that are very clean - it used to be very dirty everywhere. Also communities from all around the world are represented here. So you get to talk to many different people and hear their stories and ideas - that is very humbling¹²."
Voice 1
And Philip does get to talk to many different Kiberans on the radio. His show is broadcast in the morning. He reads the news, and also talks with listeners. He explains,
Voice 4
"We often talk about religious and social issues, what is going on in the community and also the world."
Voice 2
About 1,500,000 people listen to Pamoja FM. Often Philip chooses an issue to discuss. Then many listeners call on the telephone to share their thoughts.
Voice 1
Pamoja FM also provides important local information. Because it is a community radio station, it can inform people about community events. It announces local weddings and funerals for free. The station even informs the people of Kibera about open job positions.
Voice 2
Pamoja FM addresses important issues for the community. However, their work is not easy. At this time, Pamoja FM does not have very much money. Presenters¹³ like Philip are volunteers. They do not get paid for their work. This makes life difficult for Philip. However, he thinks the station is important for the community and worth the sacrifice.
Voice 1
Philip was asked about how he survives with no pay. He said,
Voice 4
"Well you see, me I am a Christian¹⁴. We believe that it is God who cares for us. There are some things that are hard to address but you have to because this is Kenya, this is our country and this is our community. You cannot run away from things, you have to continue on."
Voice 2
Pamoja FM's lack of money has not stopped them from producing good work. After only one year, Pamoja FM has already received an award from Internews. InterNews is an organization that helps train and support local media all over the world. And in 2008, they honored¹⁵ presenter Tole Nyatta with a Media Leadership Award.
Voice 1
Tole won the award for his radio work during riots¹⁶ in early 2008. These riots began in late 2007 in Kenya. The people were fighting about the voting results from the presidential election¹⁷. Many people died in the riots - including many people in Kibera.
Voice 2
However, even in danger, Tole continued to present the news to people in Kibera. Pamoja FM kept people informed about the riots. It also kept them informed about important local services - like which food stores were still open and what roads were closed.
Voice 1
Like Philip, Tole works¹⁸ for Pamoja FM as a volunteer. However, that does not keep him from working hard.
When Tole accepted his award, he gave a speech. In the speech he shared both the struggles and hope of Pamoja FM.
Voice 5
"We took up difficult work. Each step has been very difficult because of the lack of resources and trained workers. However, we are hopeful that someday in the near future things will change for the better."
 

1 spotlight   

n.公众注意的中心，聚光灯，探照灯，视听，注意，醒目

参考例句：

• This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
• The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。

2 ruby   

n.红宝石，红宝石色

参考例句：

• She is wearing a small ruby earring.她戴着一枚红宝石小耳环。
• On the handle of his sword sat the biggest ruby in the world.他的剑柄上镶有一颗世上最大的红宝石。

3 security   

n.安全，安全感；防护措施；保证(金)，抵押(品)；债券，证券

参考例句：

• A security guard brought him down with a flying tackle.一名保安人员飞身把他抱倒。
• There was tight security at the airport when the President's plane landed.总统的专机降落时，机场的保安措施很严密。

4 slum   

n.贫民窟，贫民区；vi.（因好奇而）逛贫民区

参考例句：

• These children came from a slum area.这些孩子来自贫民窟区。
• What a wretched existence the people in the slum lead!这个贫民窟里的人们过着多么令人悲惨的生活啊！

5 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

6 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

7 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

8 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

9 broadened   

使…变宽，扩展( broaden的过去式和过去分词 )； 增长（经验、知识等）

参考例句：

• The advertisements of costume in Paris broadened his outlook. 巴黎的服装广告使他大开眼界。
• This broadened my vision and knowledge. 这件事使我打开了眼界，增长了知识。

10 touching   

adj.动人的，使人感伤的

参考例句：

• It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
• His letter was touching.他的信很感人。

11 presenter   

n.（电视、广播的）主持人，赠与者

参考例句：

• Most people think being a television presenter is exciting.很多人认为当电视节目主持人是一件刺激的事情。
• The programme dispensed with its most popular presenter.这个节目最受欢迎的主持人被换掉了。

12 humbling   

adj.令人羞辱的v.使谦恭( humble的现在分词 )；轻松打败（尤指强大的对手）；低声下气

参考例句：

• A certain humbling from time to time is good. 不时受点儿屈辱是有好处的。 来自辞典例句
• It has been said that astronomy is a humbling and character-buildingexperience. 据说天文学是一种令人产生自卑、塑造人格的科学。 来自互联网

13 presenters   

n.节目主持人，演播员( presenter的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Each week presenters would put the case for their favourite candidate. 每个星期主持人推出他们最喜欢的候选人。 来自互联网
• Karaoke was set up to allowed presenters to sing on the stage. 宴会设有歌唱舞台，可让出席者大演唱功。 来自互联网

14 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

15 honored   

adj.光荣的：荣幸的v.尊敬，给以荣誉( honor的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• I hope to be honored with further orders. 如蒙惠顾，不胜荣幸。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This is a time-honored custom. 这是一个古老的习俗。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 riots   

n. 暴乱, 骚乱, 暴动 vi. 骚乱, 闹事

参考例句：

• the instigators of the riots 煽动骚乱的人
• The riots are a clear manifestation of the people's discontent. 骚乱清楚地表明了人们的不满情绪。

17 election   

n.选举，选择权；当选

参考例句：

• There is no doubt but that he will win the election.毫无疑问，他将在竞选中获胜。
• The government will probably fall at the coming election.在即将到来的大选中，该政府很可能要垮台。

18 works   

n.作品，著作；工厂，活动部件，机件

参考例句：

• We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
• The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。