英语听力—环球英语 822 Imagined Body Problems

　　Voice 1
Welcome to Spotlight¹. I'm Liz Waid.
Voice 2
And I'm Ryan Geertsma. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
Voice 1
Kayla is twenty four years old. She seems like a normal young woman. But she has very few friends and lives alone. Kayla has had six operations on her nose. Each operation was to give her nose a better shape. Because of these operations, Kayla and her father are in debt. They owe over sixty five thousand Great British Pounds [65,000 GBP] to doctors. And Kayla is planning yet ANOTHER operation for her nose.
Voice 2
But there is nothing physically² wrong with Kayla's nose. Anyone looking at her nose would probably say Kayla looked nice or pretty. But that is not what Kayla sees. Kayla believes there is something wrong with her nose. In fact, she believes her whole face is extremely ugly - that it looks bad. Kayla suffers from a mental problem called Body Dysmorphic Disorder³, or B.D.D. Today's Spotlight is on this disorder.
Voice 1
Kayla's story was part of a BBC Reveals⁴ documentary⁵ on Body Dysmorphic Disorder. It was called "Too Ugly for Love." In the film, Kayla meets with the film maker⁶. But she refuses to show her face to the camera. Instead she wears a hat that covers most of her face. She tells the film maker why she thinks her face is so ugly. She explains how as a child she hated how her teeth looked. So she used a tool to make them shorter. As an adult, Kayla refuses to go out of her house unless it is fully⁷ dark outside. These are all common behaviors for a person with B.D.D.
Voice 2
Kayla also says she is obsessed⁸ with looking at herself in a glass mirror. She feels as if she MUST do it. She tells the film maker:
Voice 3
"The mirror is the enemy, and maybe sometimes your best friend. The longest I have spent looking in the mirror is about ten hours. Sometimes when you look in the mirror you are screaming at yourself and crying. You say to yourself 'why can I not go out? Why do I have to look so ugly?'"
Voice 1
At some time in life, everyone around the world feels bad about their appearance or their body. There is probably something on YOUR body that you would like to change. Maybe you think your ears are too big, or your hair is the wrong color or thickness. These are common feelings. But people suffering from B.D.D. have these thoughts much more often than normal people.
Voice 2
B.D.D. is different from these normal concerns about appearance in three ways. First, when a person has B.D.D. he or she becomes obsessed with a flaw⁹, or problem on his or her body. Usually, other people cannot even see these flaws¹⁰. The flaws are imagined. People with B.D.D. think about their imagined flaws for about three to eight hours EVERY DAY. They also feel as if they have no control over their thoughts about their appearance. They try to fix the imagined problem. For example, a person with B.D.D. may see a mark on his face. He may try to fix the mark by picking at his face with his fingers. As he continues to pick at his face, he is actually CREATING a mark where there was none before. But he feels that he cannot stop.
Voice 1
Second, B.D.D. sufferers have extreme stress over their appearance. They have so much stress that it often interferes¹¹ with normal life activities. It may be too difficult to do simple things like have a job, go to school, take care of children, or even leave the house.
Voice 2
Finally, experts say a person has B.D.D. if no other condition can describe their actions and feelings. For example, a person may be obsessed with her weight. If she refuses to eat anything because she wants to lose weight, she may have a condition called anorexia¹². This is not B.D.D.
Voice 1
There is not a lot of research about B.D.D. But experts estimate¹³ that about one to two percent of the global population suffers from the disorder. People from any country or culture can suffer from B.D.D. And the disorder affects men and women equally. The three most common areas that people with B.D.D. stress about are the hair, skin and nose.
Voice 2
But IS B.D.D. a real disorder? Dr. Jamie D. Feusner studied the brain patterns of people with B.D.D. He discovered that the brain patterns of people WITH B.D.D. were different than brain patterns of people without the disorder. The results showed the patterns were different in one main area. This was the area where people process images they see. People with more severe B.D.D. showed bigger differences in their brain patterns.
Voice 1
Many people try to treat B.D.D. themselves. They may use alcohol¹⁴ and illegal drugs. They hope these things will help them deal with the extreme stress of the disorder. Or, people with B.D.D. may try to solve their problems by getting plastic surgery¹⁵. A doctor can reshape many parts of the body, including many parts of the face. But plastic surgery often makes the problem worse. The surgery may leave scars¹⁶ - permanent marks on the body. Getting surgery costs a lot of money. And often, the person with B.D.D. still sees the problem even after the surgery is done.
Voice 2
But there are medical treatment options too. One treatment method involves changing the way a person thinks. A trained mental health doctor helps the sufferer think of themselves differently. A person with B.D.D. learns to see himself as a WHOLE person - not just a group of flaws.
Voice 1
Another treatment method involves legal drugs. These drugs affect how the mind works¹⁷. Serotonin is a substance that exists naturally in people's brains. A drug that increases serotonin can help a person feel better. Some people with B.D.D. have experienced¹⁸ success with using this drug. But it can take a long time to find the correct amount of the drug. And it can also take a few months for the drug to start working.
Voice 2
Treatment for B.D.D. can be difficult. But treatment is important. And support from a person's family and friends is also important. It is easy to think a person with B.D.D. is just being difficult or feeling self-important. But B.D.D. is a real problem. And a person with B.D.D. needs help.
Voice 1
It can also be good to hear some words from the Christian¹⁹ Bible²⁰. In fact, these words can bring encouragement to anyone who has concerns about how they look. The Bible says that God created people in his own image. He created people to feel love, and to be a part of a community. Each person is created in the image of God. That means that EVERY person has worth, because God has given them worth. This is good news for anyone to hear.
 

1 spotlight   

n.公众注意的中心，聚光灯，探照灯，视听，注意，醒目

参考例句：

• This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
• The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。

2 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。

3 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

4 reveals   

v.显示( reveal的第三人称单数 )；揭示；泄露；[神学]启示

参考例句：

• He reveals his innermost feelings only to his best friend. 他把最隐秘的想法只告诉最好的朋友。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The strong wind reveals the strength of the grass. 疾风知劲草。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 documentary   

adj.文献的；n.纪录片

参考例句：

• This case lacked documentary proof.本案缺少书面证据。
• I watched a documentary on the Civil War.我看了一部关于内战的纪录片。

6 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

7 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

8 obsessed   

adj.心神不宁的,鬼迷心窍的,沉迷的

参考例句：

• He's obsessed by computers. 他迷上了电脑。
• The fear of death obsessed him throughout his old life. 他晚年一直受着死亡恐惧的困扰。

9 flaw   

n.缺陷，瑕疵，裂缝；vt.使有缺陷，损害

参考例句：

• The flaw in this stamp makes it less valuable.这张邮票因为有点缺陷，不那么值钱。
• Jealousy is a big flaw in his character.嫉妒是他品格中的一个大缺点。

10 flaws   

n.缺点( flaw的名词复数 )；错误；裂痕

参考例句：

• The argument is full of fundamental flaws. 这段论述充满根本性的错误。
• His remark is full of contradictions and flaws. 他的话前后矛盾，破绽百出。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

11 interferes   

vi. 妨碍，冲突，干涉

参考例句：

• The noise interferes with my work. 这噪音妨碍我的工作。
• That interferes with my plan. 那干扰了我的计划。

12 anorexia   

n.厌食症

参考例句：

• Anorexia can creep up on young girls when they least expect it.年轻女子可能在最没有防备的情況下患上厌食症。
• Anorexia is a common eating disorder.厌食是一种常见的饮食紊乱症。

13 estimate   

n.估计，估量；评价，看法；vt.估计，估量

参考例句：

• We estimate the cost to be five thousand dollars.我们估计费用为5000美元。
• The lowest estimate would put the worth of the jewel at ＄200.按最低的评估这块宝石也值200美元。

14 alcohol   

n.酒精，乙醇；含酒精的饮料

参考例句：

• The law forbids shops to sell alcohol to minors.法律禁止商店向未成年者出售含酒精的饮料。
• The alcohol is industrial.这些酒精是供工业用的。

15 surgery   

n.外科，外科手术；手术室

参考例句：

• What time does surgery finish?门诊什么时间结束？
• Your condition is serious and requires surgery.你的情况很严重，需要动外科手术。

16 scars   

n.伤痕( scar的名词复数 )；精神上的创伤；有损外观的地方；裸岩

参考例句：

• Slowly the war scars faded. 战争的创伤慢慢地消失了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• I've got scars from head to toe in tribute to my courage. 为了嘉奖我的胆量，我得到浑身的伤疤。 来自辞典例句

17 works   

n.作品，著作；工厂，活动部件，机件

参考例句：

• We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
• The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。

18 experienced   

adj.有经验的；经验丰富的，熟练的

参考例句：

• Experienced seamen will advise you about sailing in this weather.有经验的海员会告诉你在这种天气下的航行情况。
• Perhaps you and I had better change over;you are more experienced.也许我们的工作还是对换一下好，你比我更有经验。

19 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

20 bible   

n.《圣经》；得到权威支持的典籍

参考例句：

• According to the Bible we are all the seed of Adam.根据《圣经》所说的，我们都是亚当的后裔。
• This dictionary should be your Bible when studying English.学习英语时，这本字典应是你的主要参考书。