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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Voice 1
Voice 2
And I'm Ruby2 Jones. This programme uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
Voice 1
It is a beautiful, warm summer's day. You are walking along a stretch of golden sand by the sea. To one side of you, waves roll gently onto the land. Suddenly, near the water's edge, you see a strange object. It is a large, round, clear mass. You walk up to the thing and touch it with your foot. It shakes a little. You look closer and see areas of colour within the clear mass. You wonder what it is you have found. It looks like nothing you have seen before!
Voice 2
The object you found is a strange sea creature. It is a jellyfish! A jellyfish's body loses its shape when it is not in the water. This is because it has no skeleton4. But in water, it looks graceful5 and mysterious. The main part of a jellyfish's body is shaped like a bell. Tentacles7 hang down from the edges of the bell. These organs wave like long pieces of hair as the jellyfish moves through the water. Each tentacle6 contains cells that the jellyfish use to catch small sea animals to eat. The cells sting3 - they release8 a poison into any organism9 that touches them. This effectively kills the sea creature. And the tentacle carries this food to the mouth of the jellyfish at the centre of the bell. The tentacles of a jellyfish can also sting humans, if they come too close.
Voice 1
Jellyfish live in all of the major oceans of the world. And there are many different species10 or kinds of jellyfish. There is the simple, harmless11 moon jellyfish with four coloured circles in its bell. Or, there is the very dangerous Box Jellyfish that lives in the waters of Australasia. Here are Nick Page and Ryan Geertsma with Spotlight's guide to the wonderful world of jellyfish!
Voice 3
The largest species of jellyfish is the Lion's Mane jellyfish. It lives in the colder water of the North Atlantic, North Pacific and Arctic12 oceans. The longest Lion's Mane jellyfish washed up on the coast of North America in 1870. Its bell was over two metres wide. And its tentacles were over thirty-six metres long!
Voice 4
The body of a jellyfish is 95 percent water. It has no heart. And it has no eyes. It reacts to food or danger through nerve13 signals from its tentacles - yet it has no brain to process those signals!
Voice 3
One species of jellyfish seems to be immortal14 - it does not die! A jellyfish normally15 develops to the point where it can produce young. Then, it dies. However, the turritopsis nutricula jellyfish is different. It produces young. Then, it rejuvenates16 itself. It returns to its pre-adult state. From there, it starts to grow until it once more becomes an adult. It then produces more young - and the whole process repeats itself again and again and again.
Voice 4
Some people like to eat jellyfish. But they must first prepare it for eating! Firstly, they dry the jellyfish. They do this mainly using salt. This prevents the jellyfish from decaying17 - becoming unsafe to eat. Drying can take some time. Then, they wash off the salt and soak18 the dried jellyfish in water. Next, they cut the jellyfish into pieces. They place the pieces in boiling water for a short time then move them immediately into freezing water. This removes any salty taste that may still be there. In fact, the jellyfish has no particular taste. When added to other food, it will take on the taste of that food.
Voice 2
In Japan, one species of jellyfish is a very unwelcome visitor. Every summer since 2005, the Nomura's jellyfish invades19 the water off Japan's west coast. These jellyfish can grow up to almost two metres long and can weigh just over 200 kilogrammes. People out fishing in this area were the first to notice these huge creatures. They caught many of these jellyfish in their nets as well as the fish they were aiming to reach. The larger jellyfish broke the nets. And the smaller creatures ruined the fish around them. The result was serious damage to Japan's fishing industry. Many fishermen stopped fishing completely. And others said that the money they earned from fishing had dropped by eighty percent.
Voice 1
The size and weight of Noumra's jellyfish also caused other problems. Some of them swam into some sea water pumps in that area. Water from these pumps cooled reactors20 in nuclear power stations along the coast. The jellyfish blocked the pumps and stopped them from working effectively.
Voice 2
The sting from a Nomura's jellyfish may not be the worst. But it can be very painful. And the jellyfish are stopping people from enjoying a swim during Japan's warm summer months. So what are the reasons behind this jellyfish invasion21?
Voice 1
The Japanese government ordered a scientific study of these creatures. They wanted to know why they came to this stretch of water every year. Scientists presented a number of possible reasons for the increase in the number of Nomura's jellyfish. They suggested several reasons. For example, there is a lot of fishing in that stretch of sea. The sea had become polluted. And the water was now warmer. All this had helped to kill off the fish that normally ate baby Nomura's jellyfish. And so, the jellyfish were able to develop into adults. The scientists also suggested that warmer water may provide a better environment for the jellyfish to produce their young.
Voice 2
Whatever, the reason, the Japanese people are inventing ways to live with the jellyfish. Fishermen have added sharp wires to their nets to help kill the creatures. And one food company has even started to produce vanilla22 and jellyfish ice-cream. This version23 of the sweet, frozen24 food is a bit more like rubber than normal ice cream. But people still seem willing to try it!
Voice 1
So, if you are swimming and you see a jellyfish, you can now wonder at this strange, mysterious creature. You can look - but you had better not touch! Some jellyfish are a source of pain and danger to humans. The best defence is knowledge. Make sure you know if there are risks from jellyfish in the particular area where you plan to swim. Be wise, but have fun! And enjoy your swim!
Voice 2
The writer of this programme was Ruby Jones. The producer was Marina Santee. The voices you heard were from the United Kingdom and the United States. All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. You can hear other Spotlight programmes on our website: www.radio.english.net. This programme is called "Jellyfish".
Voice 1
Spotlight is also on Facebook. Just search for Spotlight Radio. Thank you for listening today. Until next time, goodbye!
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收听单词发音
收听单词发音 |
1
spotlight
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| n.公众注意的中心，聚光灯，探照灯，视听，注意，醒目 | |
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ruby
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| n.红宝石，红宝石色 | |
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sting
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| vt.激怒，刺痛，刺伤，蛰伤；n.刺痛，刺伤 | |
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skeleton
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| n.骨骼，框架，骨干，梗概，提要 | |
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graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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tentacle
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| n.触角，触须，触手 | |
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tentacles
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| n.触手( tentacle的名词复数 )；触角；触须；触毛 | |
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release
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| vt.发布，发表，发行；释放，放开 | |
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organism
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| n.生物，有机体；(如生物的)机体、有机组织 | |
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species
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| n.物种，种群 | |
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harmless
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| adj.无害的，无恶意的 | |
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Arctic
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| adj.北极的；n.北极 | |
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nerve
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| n.神经；勇气，胆量，沉着，果断 | |
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immortal
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| adj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的 | |
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normally
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| adv.正常地，通常地 | |
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rejuvenates
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| 使变得年轻，使恢复活力( rejuvenate的第三人称单数 ) | |
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decaying
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| v.（使）腐烂，腐朽( decay的现在分词 )；衰败，衰退，衰落 | |
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soak
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| n.浸，湿透，喝醉；vt.使…湿透，浸泡在液体中，浸洗，吸入，使某人喝醉，向某人敲竹杠；vi.浸入液体，渗透，感化（某人），无节制地喝酒 | |
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invades
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| v.侵入，侵略( invade的第三人称单数 )；涌入；侵袭；侵犯 | |
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reactors
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| 起反应的人( reactor的名词复数 )； 反应装置； 原子炉； 核反应堆 | |
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invasion
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| n.入侵，侵略，侵犯 | |
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vanilla
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| n.香子兰，香草 | |
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version
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| n.版本；型号；叙述，说法 | |
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frozen
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| adj.冻结的，冰冻的 | |
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