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英语听力—环球英语 1032 Sweet Sugar

时间:2012-10-26 05:49来源:互联网 提供网友:jpstudy   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   Voice 1

 
  Welcome to Spotlight1. I’m Adam Navis.
 
  Voice 2
 
  And I’m Liz Waid. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
 
  Voice 1
 
  What kinds of sweeteners do you use in your food and drink?  Do you eat sticks of sugarcane? Do you put sweet honey in your tea? Do you pour thick maple2 syrup3 on your breakfast? All of these substances, and many more, make food sweeter.
 
  Voice 2
 
  There are many kinds of sweeteners in the world. The most common is sugar. But for centuries, people have used different kinds of natural sweeteners to make their food sweeter. Today’s Spotlight is on sweeteners.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Each area of the world has a commonly used sweetener. The traditional sweeteners are usually easy to grow or harvest in that area of the world. Traditional ways of sweetening food and drink are a part of the culture of each country.
 
  Voice 2
 
  You may remember a Spotlight program called ‘Miracle Berry.’  This program was about a fruit from West Africa. People eat this small, red fruit. After eating the miracle fruit, other foods taste sweeter!
 
  Voice 1
 
  Honey is another popular sweetener in many countries. Honey is made by bees. These small, flying insects gather nectar from flowers. They bring the nectar back to their homes. After some time, the collected nectar becomes thick, golden honey. Bees collect nectar from different kinds of flowers. The honey tastes different depending on which nectar the bees collected.
 
  Voice 2
 
  For example, in Turkey, people gather honey from the mountains near the Mediterranean4 Sea.  The bees there fly between the flowers and herbs in the mountains.  They create a special honey called ‘bal.’ Turkish people use this honey in tea.  They also make sweet desserts with it, like baklava.
 
  Voice 1
 
  In the United States and Canada, people collect a different kind of natural sweetener. It comes from the sugar maple tree. At the end of winter, people put a small hole into the sugar maple tree. Then they collect the liquid that comes out. They boil this liquid until it is thick and brown. It is now maple syrup. People in North America use maple syrup when they cook. Or, they simply pour it over some foods, to sweeten them.
 
  Voice 2
 
  In Japan, a common sweetener comes from the leaves of the Stevia plant. Stevia is native to South America.  It is a small flowering plant.  People dry the leaves of the stevia plant.  Then they use the leaves in teas and drinks.  People also process the dried leaves into a fine, white powder.  They then use this powder to add sweetness when they cook.
 
  Voice 1
 
  People have enjoyed these natural sweeteners for centuries. They are often very easy to collect or prepare. They provide nutrients5 and vitamins. They also provide a sweet taste that can make people feel happy and satisfied.
 
  Voice 2
 
  However, about 500 years ago, one sweetener started to become a big business. It is sugar. Today, sugar is the most popular sweetener in every country in the world. Sugar can be made from beets6, a root vegetable, or from corn. But most sugar comes from sugarcane. Sugarcane is a long, thick grass. Farmers grow sugarcane plants in more than ninety countries. And it is one of the most important crops in the world’s economy.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Many products are made from sugarcane. But most sugarcane is processed into white sugar. This sugar has many small particles that look like sand. White sugar is easy to use, and easy to find. And it does not cost a lot of money. For these reasons many people in the world choose to use sugar instead of other natural sweeteners.
 
  Voice 2
 
  This was not always the case. Up until the 1800s white sugar was only used by very rich people. And they did not use very much of it. They used it as a medicine and as a spice in cooking. They also used sugar to keep food from going bad. But in the 1800s, Europeans colonized7 many areas of South America, and islands in the Caribbean. They developed large sugarcane farms. They also brought many people from Africa to work as slaves on the farms.
 
  Voice 1
 
  With slave labour and increased trade, sugar soon became available to people around the world. The result was that people began to eat more and more sugar. Now sugar is a large part of many people’s diet. Sugar is found in sweet desserts, soda8 drinks, and bread products.  Even foods that do not taste very sweet may have sugar in them, such as dry cereal9 or packets of potato chips.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Many people have a strong desire to eat sweets. And it is not bad to eat SOME sweets. However, eating too much sweet food can be dangerous. High amounts of sugar can lead to health problems. Dr. Donald Hensrud works at the Mayo Clinic in the United States. He explains the negative effects of too much sugar:
 
  Voice 3
 
  “From a health stand point, sugar is a 'triple10 danger' - it provides extra calories. It has no nutrients that are good for your body. And it may make a person not eat other foods and nutrients in the diet that are more healthy.”
 
  Voice 1
 
  Too much sugar increases a person’s chance of health problems. The body turns extra sugar into fat. So, too much sugar can lead to too much body weight. Being overwieght can cause many other health problems. Eating too much sugar can also lead to tooth problems, heart disease and diabetes11.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Many people want to avoid these health issues.  But they still want to eat sweet things.  One way to do this is to eat ripe fruit or small amounts of natural sweeteners like honey. These are sweet and also healthy.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Another way to use less sugar is to use artificial sweeteners.  Artificial sweeteners are not from a plant.  Instead, they are made in a laboratory.  They may taste similar to a natural sweetener, but they are made from chemicals.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Are artificial sweeteners better for health? Some experts are concerned about artificial sweeteners. They think that artificial sweeteners cause some health problems. Listen for another Spotlight program about those sweeteners.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Is there a traditional sweetener in your area? What is your favourite sweetener? Share your comments on the script page for this program on our website, at http://www.radioenglish.net
 
  .
 
  Voice 2
 
  The writers of this program were Johanna Poole and Christy VanArragon. The producer was Michio Ozaki. The voices you heard were from the United States. You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet at http://www.radioenglish.net This .program is called, ‘Sweet Sugar’.
 
  Voice 1
 
  We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye.

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 spotlight 6hBzmk     
n.公众注意的中心,聚光灯,探照灯,视听,注意,醒目
参考例句:
  • This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
  • The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。
2 maple BBpxj     
n.槭树,枫树,槭木
参考例句:
  • Maple sugar is made from the sap of maple trees.枫糖是由枫树的树液制成的。
  • The maple leaves are tinge with autumn red.枫叶染上了秋天的红色。
3 syrup hguzup     
n.糖浆,糖水
参考例句:
  • I skimmed the foam from the boiling syrup.我撇去了煮沸糖浆上的泡沫。
  • Tinned fruit usually has a lot of syrup with it.罐头水果通常都有许多糖浆。
4 Mediterranean ezuzT     
adj.地中海的;地中海沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
  • Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。
5 nutrients 6a1e1ed248a3ac49744c39cc962fb607     
n.(食品或化学品)营养物,营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
  • Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 beets 88b1e961db3387e932ee94bcb085128f     
甜菜( beet的名词复数 ); 甜菜根; (因愤怒、难堪或觉得热而)脸红
参考例句:
  • Beets are Hank's favorite vegetable. 甜菜根是汉克最爱吃的蔬菜。
  • In this enlargement, barley, alfalfa, and sugar beets can be differentiated. 在这张放大的照片上,大麦,苜蓿和甜菜都能被区分开。
7 colonized b6d32edf2605d89b4eba608acb0d30bf     
开拓殖民地,移民于殖民地( colonize的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The area was colonized by the Vikings. 这一地区曾沦为维京人的殖民地。
  • The British and French colonized the Americas. 英国人和法国人共同在美洲建立殖民地。
8 soda cr3ye     
n.苏打水;汽水
参考例句:
  • She doesn't enjoy drinking chocolate soda.她不喜欢喝巧克力汽水。
  • I will freshen your drink with more soda and ice cubes.我给你的饮料重加一些苏打水和冰块。
9 cereal Wrzz1     
n.谷类,五谷,禾谷
参考例句:
  • I have hot cereal every day for breakfast.我每天早餐吃热麦片粥。
  • Soybeans are handled differently from cereal grains.大豆的加工处理与谷类的加工处理不同。
10 triple Dp0yu     
n.三倍之数,三个一组;adj.三倍的
参考例句:
  • Twelve is the triple of four.十二是四的三倍数。
  • He received triple wages for all his extra work.由于额外的工作他领取了三倍的工资。
11 diabetes uPnzu     
n.糖尿病
参考例句:
  • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
  • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
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