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英语听力—环球英语 1065 Dangerously Sweet

时间:2012-10-29 06:11来源:互联网 提供网友:jpstudy   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   Voice 1

 
  Welcome to Spotlight1. I’m Colin Lowther.
 
  Voice 2
 
  And I’m Liz Waid. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand - no matter where in the world they live.
 
  Voice 1
 
  A woman sits outside with her friends. It is a hot, sunny afternoon. She wants something to drink - something light and sweet. She wants a soda2! But the woman knows that there is a lot of sugar in soda. She also knows that too much sugar is bad for her health. So she chooses a diet, or light, soda. Her friends choose the same kind of diet drink. They think that they are making a healthy choice. But are they?
 
  Voice 2
 
  Light, or diet, soda does not have sugar in it. Instead, it contains artificial3 sweeteners. In an earlier Spotlight program, we talked about natural sweeteners. These include foods like sugar, honey, stevia and maple4 syrup5. Natural sweeteners come from plants. But artificial sweeteners are chemicals. Although both are sweet, there are many important differences. Today’s Spotlight is on artificial sweeteners.
 
  Voice 1
 
  People in every country like to eat sweet foods. The most popular sweetener is sugar. But too much sugar can cause health problems. Dr. Donald Hensrud teaches medicine and nutrition at the Mayo clinic research hospital. He tells ABC News why sugar can be a problem:
 
  Voice 3
 
  “From a health stand point, sugar is a 'triple6 danger' - it provides extra calories. It has no nutrients7 that are good for your body. And it may make a person not eat other foods and nutrients in the diet that are more healthy.”
 
  Voice 2
 
  Sugar provides quick energy. But it is easy to eat too much sugar. Then it turns into fat in the body. So people who eat too much sugar often have extra fat. This can cause many health problems. Too much sugar can also lead to diseases8 such as diabetes9 or heart problems.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Many people avoid sugar because they do not want these health problems. But they still want to enjoy sweet food. To solve this problem, food and drug companies use artificial sweeteners. There are artificial sweeteners in chewing gum10, diet or light soda drinks, sweets and many other kinds of food. There are even artificial sweeteners in some medicines. These things taste sweet. But they do not contain any sugar.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Scientists discovered the first artificial sweetener in 1879. This sweetener was saccharine11. During World War Two, it became difficult to find sugar. People began to use saccharine to sweeten their food and drink.  By the 1960s, people began to use artificial sweeteners instead of sugar for health reasons.  By the 1980s artificial sweeteners were commonly used in foods and drinks.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Scientists also made other kinds of sweetener. In the United States, the most popular sweetener is aspartame. Other commonly used artificial sweeteners include neotame, sucralose and acesulfame potassium. These names of artificial sweeteners sound like the names of chemicals. That is because they are chemicals. They do not grow in nature. They are made in laboratories12. This is the main difference between natural and artificial sweeteners.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Artificial sweeteners also taste different than natural sweeteners. They are very sweet - even sweeter than sugar. But some people think they have a strange taste - like metal or chemicals.
 
  Voice 1
 
  The other main difference between natural and artificial sweeteners is how they affect a person’s body. Natural sweeteners, like honey or sugarcane, are food. They give energy. If a person eats too much of any food, the energy turns into fat on his body. But artificial sweeteners do not give energy like sugar. They do not turn into fat like sugar.
 
  Voice 2
 
  So many people think artificial sweeteners are better for their body. But are they healthy? Some people do not think these products are safe to use.  They believe the chemicals in artificial sweeteners may cause serious health problems. Some people think artificial sweeteners can lead to many problems such as pains in the stomach and head, depression, memory loss, and problems with nerves13. But the most serious reports show a link between artificial sweeteners and cancer.
 
  Voice 1
 
  In 2005, a scientist released14 an important study about the artificial sweetener aspartame. Doctor Morando Soffritti [more-ando saw-freetee] was the scientist. He did a study on rats. Scientists often use this small animal with a long tail for laboratory15 experiments. Dr. Soffritti studied a group of 4,000 rats for seven years.  He fed the rats the aspartame through their lives.  He wanted to see what happened to the health of the rats over time.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Some of the rats in Dr. Soffritti’s study became very sick.  They developed two dangerous kinds of cancer - leukemia and lymphoma.  This worried Dr. Soffritti.  He told the New York Times newspaper,
 
  Voice 4
 
  “If something causes cancer in animals, it should not be added to food.  Especially if so many people use it.”
 
  Voice 1
 
  The main reason people use artificial sweeteners is to avoid gaining too much fat. The women who chose a light soda believed that it would help to keep their bodies healthy. But several studies say that artificial sweeteners are not doing this. In one study, published in 2008, artificial sweeteners caused even more problems than sugar! The scientists gave artificial sweeteners to some rats. They gave sugar to other rats. The rats who ate sugar gained some fat. But the rats who ate sweeteners gained even more fat!
 
  Voice 2
 
  Scientists think this is because the artificial sweeteners did not make the rats feel full. When the rats ate something sweet, their body expected the energy from sugar. Artificial sweeteners do not give any energy. So, the rats ate more of other foods. In this way, the studies show that artificial sweeteners may not even help people to be more healthy.
 
  Voice 1
 
  As a result of these studies, some doctors and scientists think artificial sweeteners are dangerous. But most governments have approved using artificial sweeteners in food and drugs. They say that artificial sweeteners are safe in small amounts.
 
  Voice 2
 
  In most places, people can get all kinds of sweeteners. Some people choose to use only natural sweeteners. Other people like artificial sweeteners. What do YOU think about artificial sweeteners? Which sweetener do you like most? Share your comments on the script16 page for this program on our website, at http://www.radioenglish.net
 
  .
 
  Voice 1
 
  The writer of this program was Johanna Poole. The producer was Michio Ozaki. The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom. All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight. You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet at http://www.radioenglish net. .This program is called, ‘Dangerously Sweet?’
 
  Voice 2
 
  We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye.

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 spotlight 6hBzmk     
n.公众注意的中心,聚光灯,探照灯,视听,注意,醒目
参考例句:
  • This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
  • The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。
2 soda cr3ye     
n.苏打水;汽水
参考例句:
  • She doesn't enjoy drinking chocolate soda.她不喜欢喝巧克力汽水。
  • I will freshen your drink with more soda and ice cubes.我给你的饮料重加一些苏打水和冰块。
3 artificial iNuz6     
adj.人工的,人造的,人为的;做作的,假装的
参考例句:
  • The new dam will form a large artificial lake behind it.新筑的水坝将会在后面形成一个人工湖。
  • We don't use any artificial flavourings in our products.我们的产品不使用任何人工调味剂。
4 maple BBpxj     
n.槭树,枫树,槭木
参考例句:
  • Maple sugar is made from the sap of maple trees.枫糖是由枫树的树液制成的。
  • The maple leaves are tinge with autumn red.枫叶染上了秋天的红色。
5 syrup hguzup     
n.糖浆,糖水
参考例句:
  • I skimmed the foam from the boiling syrup.我撇去了煮沸糖浆上的泡沫。
  • Tinned fruit usually has a lot of syrup with it.罐头水果通常都有许多糖浆。
6 triple Dp0yu     
n.三倍之数,三个一组;adj.三倍的
参考例句:
  • Twelve is the triple of four.十二是四的三倍数。
  • He received triple wages for all his extra work.由于额外的工作他领取了三倍的工资。
7 nutrients 6a1e1ed248a3ac49744c39cc962fb607     
n.(食品或化学品)营养物,营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
  • Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 diseases 5c749da591474dd5c2c7f1d77b874f5d     
n.疾病( disease的名词复数 );弊端;恶疾;痼疾
参考例句:
  • Smoking is a causative factor in several major diseases. 抽烟是引起几种严重疾病的病因。
  • The illness frequently coexists with other chronic diseases. 这种病往往与其他慢性病同时存在。
9 diabetes uPnzu     
n.糖尿病
参考例句:
  • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者,医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
  • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
10 gum MefzN     
n.牙龈;口香糖;树胶
参考例句:
  • We can stick these pictures into the book with gum.我们可用胶水把这几张画粘贴在书里。
  • Americans like to chew gum.美国人喜欢嚼口香糖。
11 saccharine TYtxo     
adj.奉承的,讨好的
参考例句:
  • She smiled with saccharine sweetness.她的笑里只有虚情假意的甜蜜。
  • I found the film far too saccharine.我觉得这部电影太缠绵了。
12 laboratories 117aaa088b36e1cc81393b6d3c2087b2     
n.实验室( laboratory的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • For, eight years, Marie Curie worked in cold laboratories with poor equipment. 整整八年,居里夫人在设备简陋、冰冷的实验室里做着实验。 来自英汉非文学 - 科学史
  • Some commercial laboratories use periodic nitrate tests as guides. 许多商业性的试验室已应用定期的硝态氮分析作为指导。 来自辞典例句
13 nerves YnAzEB     
n.神经紧张 vt.鼓起勇气
参考例句:
  • What he said at the meeting strung her nerves up. 他在会议上的发言使她的神经很紧张。
  • At the end of a day's teaching, her nerves were absolutely shattered. 教了一天课,她精疲力竭。
14 released 23690fd759f17135ec9879b56ff2600c     
v.释放( release的过去式和过去分词 );放开;发布;发行
参考例句:
  • He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • With hindsight it is easy to say they should not have released him. 事后才说他们本不应该释放他,这倒容易。
15 laboratory P27xd     
n.实验室,化验室
参考例句:
  • She has donated money to establish a laboratory.她捐款成立了一个实验室。
  • Our laboratory equipment isn't perfect,but we must make do.实验室设备是不够理想,但我们只好因陋就简。
16 script 2Z4x4     
n.剧本,广播稿;文字体系;笔迹,手迹
参考例句:
  • It's easy to identify his script.他的笔迹容易辨认。
  • The script is massaged into final form.这篇稿子经过修改已定稿。
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