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英语听力—环球英语 1079 Temper Tantrums: Helping Angry Babies

时间:2012-10-29 06:31来源:互联网 提供网友:jpstudy   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   Voice 1

 
  Welcome to Spotlight1. I’m Liz Waid.
 
  Voice 2
 
  And I’m Ryan Geertsma. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
 
  Voice 1
 
  This is a tantrum. The screaming. The crying. The shouting. Sometimes there is kicking or hitting. What does the child want? She will not tell you. What will make her quiet? What will make her stop screaming? Should you give her a toy to play with? Should you remove her from the situation? Should you punish her?
 
  Voice 2
 
  These are questions many parents struggle with. But, even if you do not have children, you may have seen or dealt with a tantrum. You may have seen a child in a tantrum on the bus or in the market. How can parents manage tantrums? How can people on the bus or in the market deal with and understand tantrums? Today’s Spotlight is on tantrums. In today’s program, we tell about a new study. This study can help people know what to do when a child has a tantrum.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Almost every child has a tantrum at some point in his or her life. These tantrums can include screaming, crying, yelling2, or fussing3. They can also include physical actions like kicking or hitting. A child in a tantrum may stop breathing on purpose! This can be extremely4 frustrating5 for any parent. It makes parents angry and impatient6.
 
  Voice 2
 
  But many child experts believe that tantrums are a normal part of child development. Most children have tantrums between the ages of one and three. They are equally7 common in boys and girls. However, knowing these facts is little help to tired and angry parents.
 
  Voice 1
 
  However, a group of researchers recently released8 a study. The results of this study may be able to help frustrated9 parents solve their tantrum problems. This group of researchers wanted to gather information on tantrums in toddlers. Toddlers are very young children - about ages one to three. The researchers decided10 to record the sounds of the tantrum. But they needed a way to record and study the sounds. Professor James A. Green was a researcher in the study. He described their process to NPR.
 
  Voice 3
 
  “We developed a baby shirt that toddlers could wear. It had a high-quality wireless11 microphone12 sewn in it. Parents put this baby shirt on the child and press a go button. This begins the recording13.”
 
  Voice 2
 
  Toddlers in the study wore the special baby shirt for a few hours. If the toddler had a tantrum, the microphone recorded the sounds. After the experiment, the researchers had recorded over 100 tantrums.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Then they began the work of studying the recordings14. They compared the sound recordings in different ways. They put the information from the recordings into a graph15. The graph could show the researchers clearly when the sounds changed. They noticed that each kind of sound looked different on the graph. But they also noticed that all of the tantrums followed a similar pattern - each had similar parts that repeated.
 
  Voice 2
 
  The recordings showed that anger and sadness happened at the same time in the tantrum. And some sounds and physical actions usually went together. Professor Michael Potegal was another researcher involved in this project. He explained to NPR,
 
  Voice 4
 
  “Screaming and yelling and kicking often go together. Throwing things and pulling and pushing things often go together. Combinations16 of crying, whining17, falling to the floor and seeking comfort. These things also go together.”
 
  Voice 1
 
  All this information was interesting. But could it be useful? The researchers believe that knowing this information will probably not stop a child from having a tantrum. But it CAN help parents and other adults manage the tantrums. It can help a parent know when to interfere18 with the toddler’s tantrum. And it can also help the parent feel a sense of control in a frustrating situation.
 
  Voice 2
 
  The researchers did have SOME advice for parents. Many parents may try to manage the tantrum by asking their child questions.
 
  Voice 5
 
  “What do you want!?”
 
  Voice 6
 
  “Why are you doing that?”
 
  Voice 1
 
  But the study found that asking questions was not a way to stop the tantrum. In fact, in some cases it made the tantrum worse! Professor Green explains:
 
  Voice 3
 
  “When children are at the most angry, and they are screaming and they are kicking, probably asking questions may make that period of anger longer. It is difficult for them to process information. Answering a question from the parent may be too difficult. It is just adding more information into their brain than they can really understand.”
 
  Voice 2
 
  Some child experts do suggest some talking during a tantrum. Many child experts believe tantrums often happen because toddlers cannot express themselves. A toddler is still forming her communication skills. So, these experts suggest that adults give toddlers the words to help the toddlers express themselves. These words help to calmly correct the child, or to explain what is happening to the child.Voice 1  Dr. Sears is a respected child expert in the United19 States. He suggests that an adult explain the situation. For example, the child may want to play with a dangerous object, like a knife. The adult can calmly tell the child why this is not permitted20. The adult could say:
 
  Voice 5
 
  “I am sorry, you cannot play with a knife. It is too sharp. You could cut yourself.”
 
  Voice 2
 
  The internet website Babyzone also suggests talking to a child. Imagine a child who is hitting or kicking during a tantrum. They suggest expressing sympathy21 for the child’s feelings. An adult could say:
 
  Voice 6
 
  “I know you are angry. But we do not hit.”
 
  Voice 1
 
  This is one way for adults to deal with tantrums. But the study found that the best way to end a tantrum was to help the child to finish feeling anger. Researchers say that after the child was past the feelings of anger, he was left with the feeling of sadness. Then a parent could offer comfort and love. So how could parents help the toddler get past his anger? The answer is easier to say than to do. When a child is having a tantrum for no reason, it is best for the parent to just... do nothing!
 
  Voice 2
 
  In fact, many experts agree that the best thing a parent can do when a tantrum begins is to stay calm. A child in a tantrum may not have control of herself. The website KidsHealth.org suggests that adults in these situations try to have enough self-control for themselves and their toddler!
 
  Voice 1
 
  Finally, when the tantrum is over, there is one last important thing to do. Put both of your arms around the toddler in a hug. Give him a kiss. Encourage him. Tell him that you still love him. This is the most important thing for a child to know.
 
  Voice 2
 
  The writer and producer of this program was Liz Waid. The voices you heard were from the United States. All quotes22 were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. You can find our programs on the internet at http://www.radioenglish.net This .program is called “Temper Tantrums: Helping23 Angry Babies”.
 
  We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye.

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 spotlight 6hBzmk     
n.公众注意的中心,聚光灯,探照灯,视听,注意,醒目
参考例句:
  • This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
  • The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。
2 yelling 3511049a0a263aa2fca072a416e83d6a     
v.叫喊,号叫,叫着说( yell的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • The coach stood on the sidelines yelling instructions to the players. 教练站在场外,大声指挥运动员。
  • He let off steam by yelling at a clerk. 他对一个职员大喊大叫,借以发泄怒气。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 fussing f6d59891f357ab342e61f7da180237c4     
小题大做,大惊小怪( fuss的现在分词 ); 烦恼,激动(尤指对小事); 瞎忙一气,过分关心
参考例句:
  • Stop fussing about; the bus will arrive on time. 别慌,公共汽车会准时到达。
  • I wish you would stop fussing me about. I'm quite able to look after myself. 但愿你不要为我过于操心了,我挺能照顾我自己。
4 extremely 2tJzAz     
adv.极其,非常,极度
参考例句:
  • The film is extremely good,I just cannot miss it.这部电影太精彩了,我非看不可。
  • The old man was extremely difficult to get along with.这个老人极难相与。
5 frustrating is9z54     
adj.产生挫折的,使人沮丧的,令人泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的现在分词 );挫败;使受挫折;令人沮丧
参考例句:
  • It's frustrating to have to wait so long. 要等这么长时间,真令人懊恼。
  • It was a demeaning and ultimately frustrating experience. 那是一次有失颜面并且令人沮丧至极的经历。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 impatient bafxD     
adj.不耐烦的,急躁的;热切的,急切的
参考例句:
  • He was so impatient that I could hardly hold him back.他是那样急躁,我简直拉不住他。
  • With an impatient gesture he thrust the food away from him.他不耐烦地把吃的东西猛地推开。
7 equally coPxH     
adv.平等地;公平地
参考例句:
  • Divide the cake into quarters and share it equally.把蛋糕分成四份,大家平均享用。
  • The blue sky belongs equally to us all.蓝天为人所共有。
8 released 23690fd759f17135ec9879b56ff2600c     
v.释放( release的过去式和过去分词 );放开;发布;发行
参考例句:
  • He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • With hindsight it is easy to say they should not have released him. 事后才说他们本不应该释放他,这倒容易。
9 frustrated ksWz5t     
adj.挫败的,失意的,泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 );挫败;使受挫折;令人沮丧
参考例句:
  • It's very easy to get frustrated in this job. 这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
  • The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们出行的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
11 wireless Rfwww     
adj.无线的;n.无线电
参考例句:
  • There are a lot of wireless links in a radio.收音机里有许多无线电线路。
  • Wireless messages tell us that the ship was sinking.无线电报告知我们那艘船正在下沉。
12 microphone UDwxt     
n.扩音器,麦克风,话筒
参考例句:
  • He gave a tap at the microphone before speaking.他在讲话前先轻叩了一下扩音器。
  • She behaved naturally before the microphone.她在话筒前表现自然。
13 recording UktzJj     
n.录音,记录
参考例句:
  • How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间?
  • I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。
14 recordings 22f9946cd05973582e73e4e3c0239bb7     
n.记录( recording的名词复数 );录音;录像;唱片
参考例句:
  • a boxed set of original recordings 一套盒装原声录音带
  • old jazz recordings reissued on CD 以激光唱片重新发行的老爵士乐
15 graph OfyxC     
n.图表,图解,曲线图
参考例句:
  • Such a graph is defined to be a contact network.我们把这样的图定义为一个接触网络。
  • Our soundings are displayed in the form of a graph.我们的调查结果已用图表列出。
16 combinations 9256e4c379ff4a504a88c567d54dcb97     
n.合作( combination的名词复数 );密码组合;联合体;排列
参考例句:
  • The music students are learning how to score tunes for various combinations. 学音乐的学生把曲调改编为各种器乐组曲。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Some antigens, or combinations of antigens, are much more potent than others. 某些抗原或者联合抗原可比其它抗原作用强得多。 来自辞典例句
17 whining whining     
n. 抱怨,牢骚 v. 哭诉,发牢骚
参考例句:
  • That's the way with you whining, puny, pitiful players. 你们这种又爱哭、又软弱、又可怜的赌棍就是这样。
  • The dog sat outside the door whining (to be let in). 那条狗坐在门外狺狺叫着(要进来)。
18 interfere b5lx0     
v.(in)干涉,干预;(with)妨碍,打扰
参考例句:
  • If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话,可能弊多利少。
  • When others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件,棘手的事情就来了。
19 united Yfmz2c     
adj.和谐的;团结的;联合的,统一的
参考例句:
  • The whole nation is closely united.全国人民紧密团结。
  • The two men were united by community of interests.共同的利益使两个人结合在一起。
20 permitted dc103d75e269b8c2bb112e8a59761bcf     
允许( permit的过去式和过去分词 ); 许可; 许用
参考例句:
  • Radios are not permitted in the library. 图书馆内不许使用收音机。
  • Entrance is permitted only on production of a ticket. 出示门票才可进入。
21 sympathy WHzzK     
n.同情,赞同,同感,慰问,吊唁
参考例句:
  • He felt great sympathy for these people.他很同情这些人。
  • Sympathy is his best quality.同情心是他最好的品质。
22 quotes 2150fd65034a9bcdb357943b3900a918     
v.引用,援引( quote的第三人称单数 );报价;引述;为(股票、黄金或外汇)报价
参考例句:
  • He quotes a few verses from Tennyson in his paper. 他在论文中引用了英国诗人丁尼生的几行诗句。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He quotes (from) the Bible to support his beliefs. 他引用圣经来支持自己的信念。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
23 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
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