听力文摘：加班坏处知多少

The actual mental and physical consequences of working too much are less well known.

很少有人知晓过度劳作对人身心的真正影响。

According to a good amount of research, overworking, which is typically defined¹ as working morethan fifty hours per week, is strongly linked to reduced physical well-being² and also to mentaldisorders such as depression.

大量研究表明，过劳，通常定义为每周工作超过50个小时，与身体健康状况下降和像抑郁症这样的精神障碍息息相关。

Now, the science here is not exact.

目前，在这个问题上科学还不精确。

Working fifty or more hours a week may suit some people just fine, and even lead to better mental and physical fitness³.

有些人也许适于每周工作50个小时或更多时间，这甚至会使其身心更加健康。

It depends on the person in question,and also the type of work involved.

这取决于个人和所从事的工作类型。

The scientists have recognized a phenomenon called the Theory of Time Allocation which,basically, suggests that the more money you make, the more likely you are to work more.

但是，科学家们还是识别出一种名为时间分配理论的现象，基本上，该理论表明，你钱挣得越多，极有可能你工作得越多。

In other words, with more money at stake⁴, you're more likely to see time spent not working as a wasted opportunity.

也就是说，越想挣更多的钱，你越觉得不把时间花在工作上就是在坐失良机。

Even if you're aware that working too much may have negative consequences, it can be difficult to break the cycle.

即使你意识到过度工作可能会造成严重后果，但要打破这个怪圈却很难。

At that point working becomes something like an addiction⁵.

从这点上看，工作有了上瘾的意味。

There's no easy solution to this problem.

要解决这个问题不易。

Like many addictions⁶, workaholism can be tough to overcome.

正如许多“瘾君子”那样，克服“工作成瘾”是很难的。

The first step, experts say, is to recognize and understand the problem.

专家表示，第一步要认识并理解这个问题。

And then,sometimes with the aid of professional help, take steps to beat it.

然后，有些时候，在专业的帮助下，逐步去克服。

1 defined   

adj 定义的; 清晰的

参考例句：

• These categories are not well defined. 这些类别划分得不太明确。
• The powers of a judge are defined by law. 法官的权限是由法律规定的。

2 well-being   

n.安康，安乐，幸福

参考例句：

• He always has the well-being of the masses at heart.他总是把群众的疾苦挂在心上。
• My concern for their well-being was misunderstood as interference.我关心他们的幸福，却被误解为多管闲事。

3 fitness   

n.适合，适当，健康，健身

参考例句：

• They're doing exercises to improve their fitness.他们为增强体质而做体操。
• No one questions her fitness for the job.没人怀疑她能胜任这项工作。

4 stake   

n.木柱；赌注，奖金；v.打赌，下赌注

参考例句：

• A wooden stake was driven firmly into the ground.木桩被牢牢钉进土地里。
• He put up a stake to support the newly planted tree.他竖了一根桩支撑新种的树。

5 addiction   

n.上瘾入迷，嗜好

参考例句：

• He stole money from his parents to feed his addiction.他从父母那儿偷钱以满足自己的嗜好。
• Areas of drug dealing are hellholes of addiction,poverty and murder.贩卖毒品的地区往往是吸毒上瘾、贫困和发生谋杀的地方。

6 addictions   

瘾( addiction的名词复数 )； 吸毒成瘾； 沉溺； 癖好

参考例句：

• He has removed the stigma of drug addictions. 他已经洗去吸毒的污点了。
• Intelligent people are good at using reason to control excessive addictions. 智慧的人善于用理性来控制过度的嗜欲。