【突破英文词汇】de -- down, opposite of

1. demolish¹ /diˈmɔliʃ/

-- pull or tear down; destroy

A wrecking² crew is demolishing³ the old building.

拆除队正在拆除这幢老建筑物。

 

 

2. demote /dɪˈməʊt/

-- move down in grade or rank

For being absent without leave, the corporal was demoted to private.

这位下士因未经许可擅自缺席而被降为列兵。

 

 

3. depreciate⁴ /dɪˈpri:ʃi:ˌeɪt/

-- 1. go down in price or value

2. speak slightingly of; belittle⁵; disparage⁶

Automobiles⁷ depreciate rapidly; a $2,500 car is worth less than $2,000 within a year of purchase.

汽车贬值很快；一辆2，500美元的车买了不到一年就不值2，000美元了。

The building superintendent⁸ feels depreciated⁹ if you refer to him as the "janitor¹⁰".

如果你叫这幢楼的管理员“工友”，他就会觉得被轻视了。

 

 

4. despise /disˈpaiz/

-- look down on; scorn; feel contempt for

Students who tell lies are despised by their classmates.

说谎的学生为同班同学所轻视。 

 

 

5. deviate¹¹ /ˈdi:vieit/

-- turn aside or down( from a route or rule): stray

Mr. Parker always notifies the parents when a student neglects his homework and he will not deviate from this rule in your case.

每次学生不写家庭作业时，派克先生都会通知他的父母，你这次没写家庭作业他也不会违反原则的。

 

6. devour¹² /diˈvauə/

-- (literally, "gulp¹³ down") eat greedily; eat like an animal

The childern must have been starved when they came in for dinner because they devoured¹⁴ their food.

孩子们在进来吃晚饭时一定饿坏了，因为他们狼吞虎咽地吃掉了食物。

 

 

7. decadent¹⁵ /ˈdekədənt/

-- (literally, "falling down") deteriorating¹⁶; growing worse; declining

The decadent downtown section was once a flourishing business district.

衰落的闹市区一段一度曾是繁华的商业区。

 

 

8. deciduous¹⁷ /dɪˈsɪdʒu:əs/

-- having leaves that fall down at the end of the growing season; shedding leaves

Maple¹⁸, elm, birch and other deciduous tree lose their leaves in the fall.

枫、榆、桦及其他落叶乔木在秋天掉叶子。

 

 

9. demented /diˈmentid/

-- out of( down from) one's mind; mad; insane; deranged²⁰

Whoever did this must have been demented; no sane¹⁹ person would have acted in such a way.

凡是做这件事的人一定是疯了，任何正常人都不会这么做。

 

 

10. dependent /diˈpendənt/

-- (literally, "hanging down from") unable to exist without the support of another

Children are dependent on their parents until they are able to earn their own living.

小孩在他们能独立谋生前都得依赖父母。

1 demolish   

v.拆毁(建筑物等)，推翻(计划、制度等)

参考例句：

• They're going to demolish that old building.他们将拆毁那座旧建筑物。
• He was helping to demolish an underground garage when part of the roof collapsed.他当时正在帮忙拆除一个地下汽车库，屋顶的一部份突然倒塌。

2 wrecking   

破坏

参考例句：

• He teed off on his son for wrecking the car. 他严厉训斥他儿子毁坏了汽车。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Instead of wrecking the valley, the waters are put to use making electricity. 现在河水不但不在流域内肆疟，反而被人们用来生产电力。 来自辞典例句

3 demolishing   

v.摧毁( demolish的现在分词 )；推翻；拆毁（尤指大建筑物）；吃光

参考例句：

• The machine was designed specially for demolishing old buildings. 这种机器是专为拆毁旧楼房而设计的。 来自《用法词典》
• Conventional demolishing work would have caused considerable interruptions in traffic. 如果采用一般的拆除方法就要引起交通的严重中断。 来自辞典例句

4 depreciate   

v.降价，贬值，折旧

参考例句：

• The computer value will depreciate by $ 500 in the first year.在头一年里这台电脑会贬值500美元。
• If you neglect this property,it will depreciate.如果你忽视这份资产，它无形中就贬值了。

5 belittle   

v.轻视，小看，贬低

参考例句：

• Do not belittle what he has achieved.不能小看他取得的成绩。
• When you belittle others,you are actually the one who appears small.当你轻视他人时， 真正渺小的其实是你自己。

6 disparage   

v.贬抑，轻蔑

参考例句：

• Your behaviour will disparage the whole family.你的行为将使全家丢脸。
• Never disparage yourself or minimize your strength or power.不要贬低你自己或降低你的力量或能力。

7 automobiles   

n.汽车( automobile的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• When automobiles become popular,the use of the horse and buggy passed away. 汽车普及后，就不再使用马和马车了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Automobiles speed in an endless stream along the boulevard. 宽阔的林荫道上，汽车川流不息。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

8 superintendent   

n.监督人，主管，总监；(英国)警务长

参考例句：

• He was soon promoted to the post of superintendent of Foreign Trade.他很快就被擢升为对外贸易总监。
• He decided to call the superintendent of the building.他决定给楼房管理员打电话。

9 depreciated   

v.贬值，跌价，减价( depreciate的过去式和过去分词 )；贬低，蔑视，轻视

参考例句：

• Fixed assets are fully depreciated. 折旧足额。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Shares in the company have depreciated. 该公司的股票已经贬值。 来自辞典例句

10 janitor   

n.看门人，管门人

参考例句：

• The janitor wiped on the windows with his rags.看门人用褴褛的衣服擦着窗户。
• The janitor swept the floors and locked up the building every night.那个看门人每天晚上负责打扫大楼的地板和锁门。

11 deviate   

v.(from)背离，偏离

参考例句：

• Don't deviate from major issues.不要偏离主要问题。
• I will never deviate from what I believe to be right.我绝不背离我自信正确的道路。

12 devour   

v.吞没；贪婪地注视或谛听，贪读；使着迷

参考例句：

• Larger fish devour the smaller ones.大鱼吃小鱼。
• Beauty is but a flower which wrinkle will devour.美只不过是一朵，终会被皱纹所吞噬。

13 gulp   

vt.吞咽，大口地吸（气）；vi.哽住；n.吞咽

参考例句：

• She took down the tablets in one gulp.她把那些药片一口吞了下去。
• Don't gulp your food,chew it before you swallow it.吃东西不要狼吞虎咽，要嚼碎了再咽下去。

14 devoured   

吞没( devour的过去式和过去分词 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光

参考例句：

• She devoured everything she could lay her hands on: books, magazines and newspapers. 无论是书、杂志，还是报纸，只要能弄得到，她都看得津津有味。
• The lions devoured a zebra in a short time. 狮子一会儿就吃掉了一匹斑马。

15 decadent   

adj.颓废的，衰落的，堕落的

参考例句：

• Don't let decadent ideas eat into yourselves.别让颓废的思想侵蚀你们。
• This song was once banned, because it was regarded as decadent.这首歌曾经被认定为是靡靡之音而被禁止播放。

16 deteriorating   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The weather conditions are deteriorating. 天气变得越来越糟。
• I was well aware of the bad morale and the deteriorating factories. 我很清楚，大家情绪低落，各个工厂越搞越坏。

17 deciduous   

adj.非永久的；短暂的；脱落的；落叶的

参考例句：

• Overgrown deciduous shrubs can be cut back at this time of year.过于繁茂的落叶灌木可以在每年的这个时候修剪。
• Deciduous trees shed their leaves in autumn.落叶树木在秋天落叶。

18 maple   

n.槭树，枫树，槭木

参考例句：

• Maple sugar is made from the sap of maple trees.枫糖是由枫树的树液制成的。
• The maple leaves are tinge with autumn red.枫叶染上了秋天的红色。

19 sane   

adj.心智健全的，神志清醒的，明智的，稳健的

参考例句：

• He was sane at the time of the murder.在凶杀案发生时他的神志是清醒的。
• He is a very sane person.他是一个很有头脑的人。

20 deranged   

adj.疯狂的

参考例句：

• Traffic was stopped by a deranged man shouting at the sky.一名狂叫的疯子阻塞了交通。
• A deranged man shot and killed 14 people.一个精神失常的男子开枪打死了14人。