英国卫报：美国如何创造了一个无尽战争的世界(3)

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In November 2016, it blindsided them.

2016年11月，他们都傻眼了。

“He has relentlessly¹ questioned the efficacy of force,” said the journalist Jeffrey Goldberg toward the end of Obama’s two terms,

"他无情地质疑武力的效力，"记者杰弗里-戈德堡在奥巴马两届任期即将结束时说，

“but he has also become the most successful terrorist-hunter in the history of the presidency², one who will hand to his successor a set of tools an accomplished³ assassin would envy.”

"但他也成为总统历史上最成功的恐怖分子猎手，他将把一套成功的刺客都会羡慕的工具交给他的继任者。"

This outcome was scary, no matter how tightly controlled, humanely⁵ practised and judiciously⁶ governed – and that was before the true identity of Obama’s successor became known only six months after Goldberg wrote.

无论如何严格控制、人道地实践和审慎地治理，结果都很可怕--此时奥巴马的继任者的真实身份还无人知晓，距离戈德堡写完文章也仅过去了六个月。

It was not as though Obama could have turned a blind eye to terrorism.

似乎奥巴马不可能对恐怖主义视而不见。

He was a politician whose career depended on protecting the American people.

他是一个政治家，他的职业生涯取决于保护美国人民。

But not only did Obama design a far bigger and more encompassing⁷ form of war than necessary, and not only did he undermine the US’s earlier commitments to a legal order consecrating⁸ peace to do so.

但是，奥巴马不仅设计了一场远比必要的规模更大、范围更广的战争，而且他还破坏了美国早先对神圣和平的法律秩序的承诺。

His policies helped create the conditions for a shocking and terrible finale.

他的政策有助于为一个令人震惊和可怕的结局创造条件。

No dove, Donald Trump⁹ nevertheless capitalised on the perception that mainstream¹⁰ politicians were committed to endless wars. And he won.

唐纳德-特朗普并非爱好和平之人，但他利用了人们对主流政治家致力于无休止战争的看法。而且他赢了。

The arc of the moral universe ran through the humanisation of interminable conflict.

道德宇宙的弧线贯穿了无休止的冲突的人道化过程。

But it bent¹¹ toward an ogre. More and more humane⁴ forms of fighting abroad had now brought disaster at home, too.

但它却指向了一个食人魔。国外越来越人性化的战斗形式现在也给国内带来了灾难。

Then Trump went on to repeat the very same pirouette from anti-war candidate to endless war president that Obama had performed.

然后，同奥巴马一样，特朗普摇身一变，从反战的候选人变成了支持无休止战争的总统。

And now Joe Biden risks doing the same.

而现在，乔-拜登可能也在重复同样的过程。

In March 2009, a landmark¹² legal brief gave clear, jaw-dropping notice of how Obama’s wars would be conducted, formalising and globalising the “war on terror” in a way that Bush had never done officially.

2009年3月，一份具有里程碑意义的法律文件清楚地、令人瞠目结舌地说明了奥巴马的战争将如何进行，以布什从未正式做过的方式将 "反恐战争 "正式化和全球化。

There would be no limitations in space or time on the conduct of counter-terrorism.

在进行反恐时，不会有任何空间或时间上的限制。

This would matter much more than Obama’s more widely remarked reforms: symbolically¹³ banning torture or fiddling¹⁴ with prisoner and trial rules.

这比奥巴马更广为人知的改革要重要得多：象征性地禁止酷刑或篡改囚犯和审判规则。

Two months later, Obama met in the Oval Office with a group of civil libertarians and human rights advocates.

两个月后，奥巴马在椭圆形办公室会见了一群公民自由主义者和人权倡导者。

“No one questions your values,” began Anthony Romero, the American Civil Liberties Union head.

"没有人质疑你的价值观，"美国公民自由联盟负责人安东尼-罗梅罗开始说道。

“But when your substantive¹⁵ policies are not substantively¹⁶ different from your predecessor’s, then the comparisons are fair.”

"但是，当你所实行的政策与你的前任没有实质性区别时，那么这种比较就是公平的。"

1 relentlessly   

adv.不屈不挠地；残酷地；不间断

参考例句：

• The African sun beat relentlessly down on his aching head. 非洲的太阳无情地照射在他那发痛的头上。
• He pursued her relentlessly, refusing to take 'no' for an answer. 他锲而不舍地追求她，拒不接受“不”的回答。

2 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

3 accomplished   

adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的

参考例句：

• Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
• Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。

4 humane   

adj.人道的，富有同情心的

参考例句：

• Is it humane to kill animals for food?宰杀牲畜来吃合乎人道吗？
• Their aim is for a more just and humane society.他们的目标是建立一个更加公正、博爱的社会。

5 humanely   

adv.仁慈地；人道地；富人情地；慈悲地

参考例句：

• Is the primary persona being treated humanely by the product? 该产品对待首要人物角色时是否有人情味？ 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• In any event, China's interest in treating criminals more humanely has limits. 无论如何，中国对更人道地对待罪犯的兴趣有限。 来自互联网

6 judiciously   

adv.明断地，明智而审慎地

参考例句：

• Let's use these intelligence tests judiciously. 让我们好好利用这些智力测试题吧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• His ideas were quaint and fantastic. She brought him judiciously to earth. 他的看法荒廖古怪，她颇有见识地劝他面对现实。 来自辞典例句

7 encompassing   

v.围绕( encompass的现在分词 )；包围；包含；包括

参考例句：

• Being too large and all-encompassing is a common defect among state-owned enterprises. 过分追求大而全，是国企的一大通病。 来自互联网
• Our services are: all-encompassing, love justice and high quality. 我们的服务目标是：全方位、真情义、高质量。 来自互联网

8 consecrating   

v.把…奉为神圣，给…祝圣( consecrate的现在分词 )；奉献

参考例句：

• Participant of Consecrating Wat Ling Khob Amulet. WLK佛牌（光辉之佛）加持的参与者。 来自互联网

9 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

10 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。

11 bent   

n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的

参考例句：

• He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
• We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。

12 landmark   

n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标

参考例句：

• The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
• The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。

13 symbolically   

ad.象征地，象征性地

参考例句：

• By wearing the ring on the third finger of the left hand, a married couple symbolically declares their eternal love for each other. 将婚戒戴在左手的第三只手指上，意味着夫妻双方象征性地宣告他们的爱情天长地久，他们定能白头偕老。
• Symbolically, he coughed to clear his throat. 周经理象征地咳一声无谓的嗽，清清嗓子。

14 fiddling   

微小的

参考例句：

• He was fiddling with his keys while he talked to me. 和我谈话时他不停地摆弄钥匙。
• All you're going to see is a lot of fiddling around. 你今天要看到的只是大量的胡摆乱弄。 来自英汉文学 - 廊桥遗梦

15 substantive   

adj.表示实在的；本质的、实质性的；独立的；n.实词，实名词；独立存在的实体

参考例句：

• They plan to meet again in Rome very soon to begin substantive negotiations.他们计划不久在罗马再次会晤以开始实质性的谈判。
• A president needs substantive advice,but he also requires emotional succor. 一个总统需要实质性的建议，但也需要感情上的支持。

16 substantively   

adv.真实地；实质上

参考例句：

• WTO-consistency had to be secured substantively as well. 与WTO的一致性还必须获得实质性的保证。 来自互联网
• What is called quantum information science is substantively to research information science encoding with quantum states. 量子信息学是近几年迅速发展起来的一门新兴交叉学科，它是量子力学和信息科学相结合的产物。 来自互联网