英国新闻听力 第一次登月40周年纪念

President Barack Obama has marked the 40th anniversary of the first lunar landing by praising the astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission for inspiring a generation of scientists and engineers. The president was speaking after meeting the first men to walk on the moon, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. Kevin Connolly reports.

Like millions of other Americans, Barack Obama remembers precisely¹ where he was as the drama of Apollo 11th mission unfolded. In his case as a young child growing up in Hawaii, he recalled watching with his grandfather for the spaceship’s safe return to earth and being told it was an example of how America could do anything to which it set its mind. America’s space agency wants the Obama administration to agree to send NASA crews back into space, first to the moon and then to Mars, and the decision may come this year. But Mr. Obama gave no hint that he is ready for such an expensive and risky² undertaking³.

India and the United States have agreed in a defense⁴ pact⁵ that boosts American arms sales to India. At a news conference in Delhi, the American Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said there’ll be a monitoring agreement to ensure that India did not transfer sensitive technology from American weapons to other countries. She said the two countries had also agreed to boost nuclear cooperation.

Prime Minister Singh told me that sites for two nuclear parks for US companies have been approved by the government. These parks will advance the aims of the US-India civil nuclear agreement, facilitate billions of dollars in US reactor⁶ exports and create jobs in both countries.

The American Defense Secretary Robert Gates has announced a temporary increase in the size of the American army. Mr. Gates said an extra 22,000 troops would be needed for the next three years. He said it would ease strains caused by military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Today, I am announcing a decision to temporarily increase the active duty end strength of the army by up to 22,000. That is a temporary increase from the current authorized⁷ end strength--permanent end strength of 547,000 to an authorized temporary end strength of 569,000 active duty soldiers.

A bomb blast has killed 4 American soldiers in Afghanistan making July the deadliest month for international troops there since the war began in 2001.

Two Bosnia Serbs have been given long prison terms by a United Nations tribunal for war crimes against Muslim civilians⁸ during the Bosnian war of the early 1990s. Milan Lukic was found guilty of several offenses⁹ including killing¹⁰ more than a hundred people by locking them in two houses. They were then set on fire using explosives. He was sentenced to life. Sredoje Lukic, sentenced to 30 years in prison, was found guilty of involvement in one of the house fires.

Gunmen from the Somali militant¹¹ group Ashgabat have looted two United Nation’s compounds in Southern Somalia. Earlier the group had said that three UN agencies were enemies of Islam and will be shut down. Peter Greste reports.

According to a statement issued by Ashgabat, three UN agencies had been found to be working against the benefits of the Somalia Muslim population and against the establishment of an Islamic state. The agencies include the UN Development Program, the Department of Safety and Security, and the UN’s Political Office for Somalia. Soon after the statement, gunmen arrived at two UN compounds in Baidoa and Wajid. There they began looting cars and other equipment. No staffs were harmed in either incident but they underscore the increasingly difficult conditions for aid workers trying to operate in Somalia.

British press reports say a Saudi princess has been granted asylum¹² after having an illegitimate child by an Englishman. The independent newspaper said the princess told a British judge that she would be stoned to death for adultery if she returned home. She is said to have met her English boyfriend who is not a Muslim during a visit to the UK and returned to England after her elderly husband became suspicious of her behavior.

The former President of Peru Alberto Fujimori is being sentenced to seven and a half years in prison after being convicted of paying a 15-million-dollar bribe¹³ to his former security chief. He is already serving a 25-year term for human rights abuses. Mr. Fujimori told the court that he had paid the money to his aide Vladimiro Montesinos because he feared that he was planning to overthrow¹⁴ the government.

European scientists say they have discovered why a 10-year-old girl born with half a brain has nearly perfect sight in one eye. The German girl’s condition would normally have deprived her one-field vision, left or right. But the scientists say their test show that as the girl has grown up, her brain has effectively rewired itself to compensate¹⁵ so that she sees with the power of two through one eye.

第一次登月40周年纪念日，美国总统奥巴马称赞阿波罗11号任务宇航员激励了一代的科学家和工程师。奥巴马在会见第一次登月的宇航员阿姆斯特朗(Neil Armstrong)和布兹·奥尔德林(Buzz Aldrin)之后发表了讲话。Kevin Connolly报道。

与其他数百万美国人一样，奥巴马清晰的记得阿波罗11号成功登陆的情景。他在夏威夷长大，当时还是一个孩子，他回忆起当时和他的祖父一起观看飞船安全返回月球，这个例子告诉他们，美国能够做到任何决心做的事情。美国太空署希望奥巴马政府同意再次运载NASA成员返回太空，首先去月球，然后去火星。今年可能做出最终决定。但是奥巴马没有显示出任何准备进行这个昂贵危险的任务的迹象。

印度和美国达成国防协议，该协议将促进美国向印度的武器销售。在德里举行的新闻发布会上，美国国务卿希拉里说，还会出台监管协议，确保印度不会将来自美国武器的敏感技术转交给其他国家。她说，两国还同意促进核合作。

印度总理跟我说，政府已经批准为美国公司提供的两个核工业园。这两个工业园将实现美国印度之间的核协议目标，为美国反应堆出口提供数十亿美元的设施，为两国创造大量就业机会。

美国国防部长罗伯特·盖茨宣布临时增加美国军队数量。盖茨说，未来三年将需要增加22,000人的军队。他说，这将缓解美军在伊拉克和阿富汗的军事行动引起的紧张形势。

今天，我宣布将美国军队临时扩编22,000人。目前的兵力共547,000人，现在，我们将临时扩编到569,000人。

阿富汗一枚炸弹发生爆炸，造成4名美国士兵死亡，使7月份成为自2001年战争开始以来对国际军队来说最致命的一个月。

两名波斯尼亚塞尔维亚人被联合国法庭判处长期监禁，理由是上世纪90年代初波斯尼亚战争期间对穆斯林平民发动战争。Milan Lukic被控多宗罪行，包括将200多人锁在两所房子内将其杀害，随后将房子点燃。Milan Lukic被判处死刑。Sredoje Lukic因参与纵火被判处30年监禁。

来自索马里激进组织Ashgabat的持枪分子洗劫了索马里南部的两座联合国建筑。此前，该组织声称三个联合国机构是伊斯兰教的敌人，应该被关闭。Peter Greste报道。

根据Ashgabat发表的声明，三家联合国机构的工作违反索马里穆斯林的利益，违反建立伊斯兰国家的利益。三家机构包括联合国发展项目，安全部门和联合国驻索马里政治办公室。声明过后不久，持枪者很快抵达位于Baidoa和Wajid的两栋联合国建筑。随后，他们开始洗劫汽车和其他设备。两起事件中均无人员伤亡，但是这使得索马里的救助人员形势更加艰难。

英国报纸报道称，一名沙特阿拉伯王妃与一名英国男子非法生子，在英国获取庇护权。这家独立的报纸称，王妃告诉英国法官，如果她回国，将要接受石刑。据称，她年长的丈夫对她的行为产生怀疑，随后她在访问英国期间结识了现在是穆斯林的英国男友。

秘鲁前总统阿尔佩托·藤森因向前安全部长行贿1.5亿元被判处7.5年监禁。他已经因践踏人权服刑25年。藤森向法官交代，他将钱交给了助手Vladimiro Montesinos，因为他担心他在计划推翻政府。

欧洲科学家称，他们发现了一名出生时只有一半大脑的10岁女孩为什么一只眼睛拥有接近完美的视力。按照这名德国女孩的情况，正常情况下她的一只眼睛会失明，无论是左眼还是右眼。但是科学家说，他们的测试表明，随着女孩不断长大，大脑开始有效地自动更新补偿，这样，她的一只眼睛就集中了两个视场。

1 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

2 risky   

adj.有风险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险，但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
• He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。

3 undertaking   

n.保证，许诺，事业

参考例句：

• He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。
• He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。

4 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

5 pact   

n.合同，条约，公约，协定

参考例句：

• The two opposition parties made an electoral pact.那两个反对党订了一个有关选举的协定。
• The trade pact between those two countries came to an end.那两国的通商协定宣告结束。

6 reactor   

n.反应器；反应堆

参考例句：

• The atomic reactor generates enormous amounts of thermal energy.原子反应堆发出大量的热能。
• Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules.在反应堆里，大分子裂变为小分子。

7 authorized   

a.委任的，许可的

参考例句：

• An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。

8 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

9 offenses   

n.进攻( offense的名词复数 )；（球队的）前锋；进攻方法；攻势

参考例句：

• It's wrong of you to take the child to task for such trifling offenses. 因这类小毛病责备那孩子是你的不对。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Thus, Congress cannot remove an executive official except for impeachable offenses. 因此，除非有可弹劾的行为，否则国会不能罢免行政官员。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法

10 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

11 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

12 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

13 bribe   

n.贿赂；v.向…行贿，买通

参考例句：

• He tried to bribe the policeman not to arrest him.他企图贿赂警察不逮捕他。
• He resolutely refused their bribe.他坚决不接受他们的贿赂。

14 overthrow   

v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆

参考例句：

• After the overthrow of the government,the country was in chaos.政府被推翻后，这个国家处于混乱中。
• The overthrow of his plans left him much discouraged.他的计划的失败使得他很气馁。

15 compensate   

vt.补偿，赔偿；酬报 vi.弥补；补偿；抵消

参考例句：

• She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
• Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。