英国新闻听力 伊拉克通过新的选举法

Leading United States officials have said the American military will continue its presence in Afghanistan for a number of years despite beginning to withdraw in 2011. In a series of media appearances, officials stressed that the date should be seen as the beginning of handing over responsibility to Afghan forces. Imtiaz Tyab reports from Washington.

Speaking on a Sunday morning political chat show, the Defense¹ Secretary Robert Gates said that despite President Obama’s plan to begin withdrawing the troops from the region in July, 2011, the US was likely to maintain a significant military presence in Afghanistan for a number of years. The Defense Secretary said the pullout date was set to underline the urgent need for the Afghans to speed up recruiting and training soldiers and getting them into the field. A comment’s followed criticism from opposition² Republicans, who say announcing a withdrawal³ date send a dangerous signal to insurgents⁴.

Clashes have broken out at the Greek capital Athens on the first anniversary of the killing⁵ of a teenager by police. Demonstrators threw stones at riot police who fired teargas. There were similar clashes in the city of Thessaloniki. From Athens, Malcolm Brabant.

Last December, after the alleged⁶ murder of Alexander Grigoropoulos, the conservative government ordered the police to take a passive stance and allow protesters to give rein⁷ to their fury. The result in damage to city centers across the country was so extensive that it helped to convince Greek voters to kick out the conservatives. The new socialist⁸ government is determined⁹ not to repeat the same mistake and ordered the police to crack down on any violence. Officers corralled demonstrators into restricted areas and denied them the chance to run amok. Snatch squads¹⁰ on motorbikes roamed the streets and carried out a number of arrests.

Earlier, the mother of the teenager killed last year had called for calm. The killing sparked more than two weeks of rioting.

The second round of voting in Romania’s presidential election has ended with both candidates claiming victory. Exit polls suggested the narrowest of leads for Mircea Geoana, the Social Democrat¹¹ over Traian Basescu who’s been the president for the past five years. From neighboring Hungary, Nick Thrope reports.

The result of this election is still too close to call. Three exit polls suggest a narrow lead for Mircea Geoana, the head of the Social Democrats¹² by between one and three percent. But their predictions are based on the voter research up to 5:00, four hours before voting stations finally closed. During the first round two weeks ago, there was a last minute flurry of voting. And estimates suggest turnout will be higher than the 54% who turned out then. Votes from Romanians abroad could also influence the outcome.

Some news just in. The Iraqi parliament has approved a new electoral law, ending weeks of political uncertainty¹³. However, correspondents say that even with the new law, it’s not clear if a parliamentary election can take place in January as planned.

The government of Somalia has sacked the heads of the army and the police, days after a suicide bombing in the capital Mogadishu that killed more than 20 people including three government ministers. Officials said President Sharif Ahmed wanted to develop a new strategy to counter an armed insurgency¹⁴ by Islamist militants¹⁵.

Voting has ended in the general election in Bolivia, in which President Evo Morales says open to a second term as president and consolidate¹⁶ his socialist party’s control of Congress. Mr. Morales says he needs more time to implement¹⁷ his sweeping¹⁸ social programs. However, Opposition leaders have blamed him for the recent rise in cocaine¹⁹ protection. From La Paz, Andres Schipani reports.

"After almost four years of harsh political polarisation, Bolivia’s President Evo Morales seems to be sailing toward a landslide²⁰ victory in these presidential elections. Mr. Morales won sweeping victories in a recall vote in August last year and take constitutional referendum in January due to votes from the country’s poor indigenous²¹ majority. His main opposition contenderManfred Reyes Villa²² has accused Mr. Morales of being totalitarian. But these accusations²³ have not dented²⁴ his popularity."

Medical officials in Morocco said the Military Leader of Guinea, Captain Moussa Dadis Camara, is doing well after undergoing surgery for bullet wounds. Doctors said Captain Camara had received treatment for trauma²⁵ to the cranium. Captain Camara was shot on Thursday by a military aide who is now gone into hiding.

United Nations Climate Chief Yvo deBoer says he is hoping for a clear and ambitious deal to combat the global warming at the Copenhagen Climate Conference that begins on Monday. He called for a strong, long term response that will become a turning point. Mr. deBoer said the chances of success have been boosted because many countries had announced targets for cutting their emissions²⁶ of greenhouse gases. The vast majority of scientists agreed that these emissions are heating the planet to dangerous levels.

美国政府高级官员表示，即使美军从2011年开始撤军，美国军队也会在阿富汗停留几年时间。在一系列新闻媒体中露面时，官员们强调，该日期应该被视为开始向阿富汗力量移交责任的日期。Imtiaz Tyab在华盛顿报道。

在周日早上的政治谈话节目中，国防部长罗伯特·盖茨表示，尽管奥巴马总统计划2011年7月份开始从该地区撤军，几年之内，仍然会有相当大数量的美军留在阿富汗。国防部长表示，设定撤军的日期是为了强调加速阿富汗安全力量招募，训练和让他们上战场的紧迫性。此前，反对派共和党人声称宣布撤军日期向反叛分子发出了危险的信号。国防部长的发言是对这些批评声做出回应。

一名青少年被警察杀害一周年之际，希腊首都雅典爆发冲突。示威者向释放催泪瓦斯的防暴警察投掷石块。在萨洛尼卡也发生了类似的冲突。Malcolm Brabant在雅典报道。

去年12月份，Alexander Grigoropoulos被谋杀之后，保守派政府下令警察采取消极的姿态，允许抗议者释放自己的愤怒情绪。抗议活动对全国各地市中心的损害非常广泛，这使得希腊投票者决定让保守党下台。新的社会主义政府决心不要重复同样的错误，下令警方镇压任何暴力活动。警察将示威者关押在禁区之内，使他们没有机会横冲直撞。摩托车追捕队在街道上巡逻，已经发生了几次逮捕事件。

此前，被杀害的青少年的母亲呼吁大家平静下来。这名青少年的被杀引发了超过两周的骚乱。

罗马尼亚总统选举第二轮投票结束，两名候选人均宣称获胜。出口处民意调查显示社会民主党候选人欧阿纳(Mircea Geoana)以轻微优势领先于巴谢斯古(Traian Basescu)。在过去的五年，巴谢斯古(Traian Basescu)一直担任总统。Nick Thrope在邻国匈牙利报道。

选举结果非常接近，难以估测。三个出口处调查显示社会民主党候选人以1%至3%的轻微优势领先。但是他们的预测是基于5点钟之前的投票者调查，距离投票站最终关闭还有四个小时的时间。在两周前的第一轮投票中发生了最后时刻的慌乱。据估计，这次的投票者出席率高于第一轮投票时54%的出席率。而来自海外罗马尼亚人的投票也会影响选举结果。

刚刚收到的新闻。伊拉克议会通过新的选举法，结束了几周以来的政治困境。然而，记者表示，尽管出台了新的法律，议会选举能够按照计划在1月份举行仍然不确定。

索马里首都摩加迪沙发生自杀式爆炸袭击几天之后，政府解雇了军队和警察领袖。袭击造成20多人死亡，其中包括三名政府部长。相关官员表示，总统谢赫谢里夫希望出台新的策略来打击伊斯兰好战分子的反叛活动。

玻利维亚总统选举投票工作结束，总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯希望担任总统第二任期，巩固其社会主义党派对国会的控制。莫拉莱斯说，他需要更多的时间来实施自己广泛的社会主义项目。然而，反对派领袖指责他最近对可卡因的保护。拉巴斯，Andres Schipani报道。

经过接近四年严厉的政治极端主义之后，玻利维亚总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯似乎将在总统选举中获得压倒性的胜利。在去年八月份举行的回顾性投票中，莫拉莱斯获得了彻底的胜利。1月份还举行了新宪法全民公投，获得了本地居民的大多数选票。主要的反对派竞争者Manfred Reyes Villa指控莫拉莱斯极权主义。但是这些指控并未损害莫拉莱斯的声望。

摩洛哥医疗官员称，几内亚军事领袖穆萨·卡马拉因枪伤接受手术后状况良好。医生表示，卡马拉上尉脑部接受了外伤治疗。周四，卡马拉上尉被军事助手开枪击中。此人目前正在潜逃。

联合国气候变化秘书处执行秘书德布尔(Yvo De Boer)表示，他希望在周一开始举行的哥本哈根气候会议上能够达成明确的，有抱负的协议。他呼吁大家做出强烈的长期的反应，能够成为转折点。德布尔表示，由于许多国家宣布了减少温室气体排放量的目标，成功的机会已经得到增强。大多数科学家一直认为，温室气体排放导致地球变暖已经达到危险的水平。

1 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

2 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

3 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

4 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

5 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

6 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

7 rein   

n.疆绳，统治，支配；vt.以僵绳控制，统治

参考例句：

• The horse answered to the slightest pull on the rein.只要缰绳轻轻一拉,马就作出反应。
• He never drew rein for a moment till he reached the river.他一刻不停地一直跑到河边。

8 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

9 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

10 squads   

n.（军队中的）班( squad的名词复数 )；（暗杀）小组；体育运动的运动（代表）队；（对付某类犯罪活动的）警察队伍

参考例句：

• Anti-riot squads were called out to deal with the situation. 防暴队奉命出动以对付这一局势。 来自辞典例句
• Three squads constitute a platoon. 三个班组成一个排。 来自辞典例句

11 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

12 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

14 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

15 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

16 consolidate   

v.使加固，使加强；(把...)联为一体，合并

参考例句：

• The two banks will consolidate in July next year. 这两家银行明年7月将合并。
• The government hoped to consolidate ten states to form three new ones.政府希望把十个州合并成三个新的州。

17 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

18 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

19 cocaine   

n.可卡因，古柯碱（用作局部麻醉剂）

参考例句：

• That young man is a cocaine addict.那个年轻人吸食可卡因成瘾。
• Don't have cocaine abusively.不可滥服古柯碱。

20 landslide   

n.(竞选中)压倒多数的选票；一面倒的胜利

参考例句：

• Our candidate is predicated to win by a landslide.我们的候选人被预言将以绝对优势取胜。
• An electoral landslide put the Labour Party into power in 1945.1945年工党以压倒多数的胜利当选执政。

21 indigenous   

adj.土产的，土生土长的，本地的

参考例句：

• Each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
• Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。

22 villa   

n.别墅，城郊小屋

参考例句：

• We rented a villa in France for the summer holidays.我们在法国租了一幢别墅消夏。
• We are quartered in a beautiful villa.我们住在一栋漂亮的别墅里。

23 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

24 dented   

v.使产生凹痕( dent的过去式和过去分词 )；损害；伤害；挫伤（信心、名誉等）

参考例句：

• The back of the car was badly dented in the collision. 汽车尾部被撞后严重凹陷。
• I'm afraid I've dented the car. 恐怕我把车子撞瘪了一些。 来自《简明英汉词典》

25 trauma   

n.外伤，精神创伤

参考例句：

• Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
• The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。

26 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。