英国新闻听力 高盛宣布以股份形式发放高管奖金

France, Britain and the Untied¹ States have warned Iran that time is running out to avoid new sanctions over its nuclear program. After the meeting of the UN Security Council, the French ambassador said this was Iran’s last chance to begin negotiations². From New York, here is Barbara Plett.

Our reporter to the Security Council said Iran appeared to have violated an existing arms embargo³ twice in the past three months. And frustration⁴ over Iran’s nuclear program is building momentum⁵ towards further sanctions as the year draws to a close. The envoys⁶ of France, Britain and the United States all expressed frustration over the failure to win an agreement on a proposal dealing⁷ with Iran’s enriched uranium, aimed at easing concerns that it’s trying to build a nuclear weapon. Tehran strongly denies that it is, but the envoys warned that the window for negotiations was closing.

President Obama has defended the right of the US to wage what he called Just Wars as he received his Nobel Peace Prize. In his acceptance speech, he said he would not stand idol⁸ in the face of threat to American people. He also said that although he admired the nonviolent tradition of Gandhi and Martin Luther King, there were times when the use of force was not only just necessary, but morally justified⁹.

I do not bring with me today a definitive¹⁰ solution to the problems of war, what I do know is that meeting these challenges will require the same vision, hard work and persistence¹¹ of those men and women who acted so boldly decades ago, and will require us to think in new ways about the notions of just war and the imperatives¹² of a just peace.

The Nobel Peace laureate from 2003, Shirin Ebadi, says she’s still being harassed¹³ by the Iranian authorities. She told the BBC that her bank account and her husband’s were still frozen and her pension was not being paid. Last month, Ms Edabi reviewed that the Peace Prize medal had been taken from a safe deposit box in Iran. Earlier today, the Foreign Minister of Swiss and Norway criticized the Iranian government for the way Shirin Ebadi had been treated.

The day after Britain announced measures to curb¹⁴ banks bonuses payments, one of the largest investment groups in the US, Goldman Sachs, says its top executives will not receive any cash rewards this year. Instead, all bonuses will be in the form of shares. Andrew Walker reports.

The Goldman Sachs’ move is in line with many governments for bonuses to be paid in a way that reduces the incentive¹⁵ to take risks. Goldman’s top executives will get theirs in shares which they wouldn’t be able to sell for five years. But the change may not be that radical¹⁶ and practical because Goldman executives already have shares as a large part of their pay and tend not to sell them quickly. In addition, the statement says only how they will be paid not how much. If it turns out to be an amount that looks generous to the public, they still face criticism.

The Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki has been questioned in Parliament for four hours about the car bombs that killed 127 people in Baghdad on Tuesday. The section was held behind closed doors. Natalia Antelava reports from Baghdad.

It couldn’t have been an easy meeting, the Prime Minister was summoned to explain just how vehicles full of explosives could get through check points that they are supposed to protect Baghdad. Mr Maliki, who’s under a lot of pressure, left parliament without commenting. The summon peace who attended the section, said the Prime Minister spent a lot of time defending the security services. The problem he told the legislators was that the police in the army are still infiltrated¹⁷ by insurgents¹⁸.

The Prime Minister of Israeli, Benjamin Netanyahu has offered Jewish settlers more funds and other new benefits a day after thousands of settlers protested against limited freeze on new building in West Bank settlement. The protest was the biggest show of defiance¹⁹ by the settlers so far. They accused Mr Netanyahu of giving in to US pressure over the 10-month halt on new residential²⁰ building which is aimed at persuading the Palestinians to renew peace talks.

115 people have been arrested across Europe on suspicion of child sex offences on the internet. The arrests followed a 2-year investigation²¹ by EUROPOL, the European Union’s Law Enforcement Organization. The investigation identified five children as victims of sexual crimes all are now reported to be saved.

The commander of European Union’s anti-piracy force of Somalia says he’s considering widening its patrol area as pirates increase the range of their attacks. Rear Admiral Peter Hudson says some vessels²² have been attacked more than 1800km from the Somali coast meaning they are closer to India than Africa. He says he’s consulting his military and political superiors about extending the range of his patrols.

法国，英国和美国警告伊朗，避免针对其核项目采取更严厉制裁已经时日无多。联合国安理会召开会议之后，法国大使表示，这是伊朗开始谈判的最后机会。纽约，Barbara Plett报道。

我们的驻安理会记者表示，在过去的三个月，伊朗似乎两次违反现存的武器禁运令。随着年末将至，对伊朗核项目的沮丧为更进一步的制裁提供了动力。为了缓解对伊朗试图建造核武器的担忧，国际社会提议对伊朗浓缩铀进行处理，但是未达成一致，法国，英国和美国特使均表示失望。德黑兰强烈否认自己在建造核武器，但是特使们表示，谈判的窗口已经关闭。

接受诺贝尔和平奖之际，奥巴马总统为美国发动他所说的正义战争的权利进行辩护。在接受诺贝尔和平奖的讲话中，他说，面对着美国人民遭遇的威胁，他不会无动于衷。他还说，尽管他钦佩甘地和马丁-路德-金的非暴力传统，但是有的时候，使用武力不仅仅是必要的，从道义上讲也是合理的。

今天，我并没有带来解决战争问题的确定方法。我知道的只是，要迎接这些挑战，我们需要像几十年前那些勇敢的男女一样的眼光，一样的努力工作和一样的坚韧不拔，我们需要用新的方式来思考正义的战争的概念和正义的和平的必要性。

2003年诺贝尔和平奖得主阿卜迪(Shirin Ebadi)表示，她现在仍然受到伊朗当局的骚扰。她告诉BBC，现在，她和丈夫的银行账户仍然被冻结，她的养老金仍然无人支付。上月，阿卜迪女士回顾，她的诺贝尔和平奖张被从伊朗一个保险箱拿走。今天早些时候，瑞士和挪威外交部长批评伊朗政府对待阿卜迪的方式。

英国宣布抑制银行奖金支付措施的第二天，美国最大的投资集团之一，高盛投资公司宣布其高管今年不会接受任何现金形式的奖励。相反，所有的奖金都将以股份的形式发放。Andrew Walker报道。

政府希望奖金的发放方式能够减少人们冒险的动机。高盛投资公司的举动与政府的动机一致。高盛投资公司的高管们的奖金将以股份的形式发放，而五年之内他们不能出售这些股份。但是这些改变并不是根本性的，也是不切实际的，因为股份已经是高盛高管们薪资的重要组成部分，而且不能很快出售。此外，声明只是说明了支付方式，而未说明支付金额。如果他们接受的股份对公众来说是很大的数字，他们仍然会面临批评。

由于周二巴格达发生了汽车爆炸事件，造成127人死亡，伊拉克总理马利基在议会被盘问了四个小时。会议闭门进行。Natalia Antelava在巴格达报道。

这肯定不是一场轻松的会议，伊拉克总理被传召到议会解释，为什么装满炸药的车辆能够通过检查点，这些检查点原本应该保卫巴格达的安全。面临巨大压力的马利基离开议会时未发表任何评论。与会的相关人士表示，总理花费了大量的时间为诶安全服务辩护。他告诉立法者的问题是，仍然有反叛分子渗透到军警中间。

数千名定居者举行抗议活动，反对冻结西岸定居点的建设活动之后一天，以色列总理内塔尼亚胡为犹太定居者提供了更多的资金和其他新的福利。这次抗议活动是目前为止定居者最大规模的反抗活动。他们指控内塔尼亚胡向美国的压力屈服，所以才在10个月之内停止新的居民点建设活动，说服巴勒斯坦人恢复和平谈判。

欧洲各地共有115人因涉嫌网络虐童而被捕。此前，欧盟执法组织已经进行了长达两年的调查。调查辨认出5名儿童为性犯罪的受害者，据报道，现在5人均已获救。

欧盟驻索马里反海盗力量指挥官表示，由于海盗增加了袭击的范围，他们考虑扩大巡逻区域。海军少将Peter Hudson表示，几艘船只在距离索马里海岸1800千米以外的海域受到袭击，这意味着他们距离印度的位置比非洲更近。他表示，现在正在向其军事和政治上级咨询关于扩大巡逻区域的问题。

1 untied   

松开，解开( untie的过去式和过去分词 )； 解除，使自由； 解决

参考例句：

• Once untied, we common people are able to conquer nature, too. 只要团结起来，我们老百姓也能移山倒海。
• He untied the ropes. 他解开了绳子。

2 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

3 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

4 frustration   

n.挫折，失败，失效，落空

参考例句：

• He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
• He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。

5 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

6 envoys   

使节( envoy的名词复数 )； 公使； 谈判代表； 使节身份

参考例句：

• the routine tit for tat when countries expel each other's envoys 国家相互驱逐对方使节这种惯常的报复行动
• Marco Polo's travelogue mentions that Kublai Khan sent envoys to Malgache. 马可波罗游记中提到忽必烈曾派使节到马尔加什。

7 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

8 idol   

n.偶像，红人，宠儿

参考例句：

• As an only child he was the idol of his parents.作为独子，他是父母的宠儿。
• Blind worship of this idol must be ended.对这个偶像的盲目崇拜应该结束了。

9 justified   

a.正当的，有理的

参考例句：

• She felt fully justified in asking for her money back. 她认为有充分的理由要求退款。
• The prisoner has certainly justified his claims by his actions. 那个囚犯确实已用自己的行动表明他的要求是正当的。

10 definitive   

adj.确切的，权威性的；最后的，决定性的

参考例句：

• This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
• No one has come up with a definitive answer as to why this should be so.至于为什么该这样，还没有人给出明确的答复。

11 persistence   

n.坚持，持续，存留

参考例句：

• The persistence of a cough in his daughter puzzled him.他女儿持续的咳嗽把他难住了。
• He achieved success through dogged persistence.他靠着坚持不懈取得了成功。

12 imperatives   

n.必要的事( imperative的名词复数 )；祈使语气；必须履行的责任

参考例句：

• Nixon, however, had other imperatives. 但尼克松另有需要。 来自辞典例句
• There could be some cultural imperatives in there somewhere! 在公共传播那里，在某些方面，可能有更迫切的文化需要！ 来自互联网

13 harassed   

adj. 疲倦的，厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He has complained of being harassed by the police. 他投诉受到警方侵扰。
• harassed mothers with their children 带着孩子的疲惫不堪的母亲们

14 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

15 incentive   

n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机

参考例句：

• Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.在许多职业中，钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。
• He hasn't much incentive to work hard.他没有努力工作的动机。

16 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

17 infiltrated   

adj.[医]浸润的v.（使）渗透，（指思想）渗入人的心中( infiltrate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The headquarters had been infiltrated by enemy spies. 总部混入了敌方特务。
• Many Chinese idioms have infiltrated into the Japanese language. 许多中国成语浸透到日语中。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

18 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

19 defiance   

n.挑战，挑衅，蔑视，违抗

参考例句：

• He climbed the ladder in defiance of the warning.他无视警告爬上了那架梯子。
• He slammed the door in a spirit of defiance.他以挑衅性的态度把门砰地一下关上。

20 residential   

adj.提供住宿的；居住的；住宅的

参考例句：

• The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。
• The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。

21 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

22 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》