英国新闻听力 中国财长为干预股市的做法辩护

Banks in Greece are reopening for the first time in 3 weeks after the Greek Parliament passed austerity measures last week as part of a bail-out plan. Some restrictions¹ remain in place as Mark Lowen now reports from Athens.

A daily withdrawal² limit has become a weekly one capped at 420 euros. No checks can be cashed, no new accounts opened and there’s a block on capital transfers abroad. Meanwhile, restaurants and taxies will feel a hit today as VAT³ rises from 13 to 23%. With austerity measures passed and a deal with creditors⁴ reached, Greece will be able to access emergency funding to make a large repayment⁵ to the European Central Bank today, avoiding the threat of default. Further hurdles⁶ lie ahead though, including more reforms to pass in parliament on Wednesday.

The head of the army in Myanmar says he will respect to the result of elections scheduled for late of this year even if the opposition⁷ wins. But in a rare interview with the BBC, General Min Aung Hlaing said the army’s role in politics would continue until peace was achieved with Myanmar’s ethnic⁸ rebel groups. The party of the Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi is widely expected to win the most seats in the election in November, but the Burmese Constitution bars her from becoming president.

The Chinese Deputy Finance Minister Zhu Guangyao has defended his country’s intervention⁹ in the stockmarkets after shares lost about a third of their value in a matter of weeks. Joe Lynam has more details.

Earlier this month, China imposed tough restrictions on large investors¹⁰ selling their shares. The move followed dramatic falls on Chinese stockmarkets which had wiped hundreds of billions of dollars off company values. China’s Vice¹¹ Finance Minister Zhu Guangyao told the BBC the intervention had been necessary because some investors had broken the rules by borrowing too much money in order to buy shares, a process known as leverage¹². Mr. Zhu said stability was essential in markets and that Chinese regulators had learned from Britain and the US on how best to deal with market turbulence¹³.

The Japanese company Mitsubishi has made a landmark¹⁴ apology for using American prisoners of war as forced labour during World War II. A senior company executive Hikaru Kimura expressed remorse¹⁵ that prisoners had been put to work in the firm’s mines. And an American survivor¹⁶ James Murphy who is 94 said it was a glorious day for which he had waited 70 years.

I listened very carefully to Mr. Kimura’s statement of apology and found it very very sincere, humble¹⁷ and revealing, and this happens to be the first time that we have heard those words and they really touch you at heart, James Murphy.

This is the latest world news from the BBC.

Sepp Blatter, the head of world football’s governing body FIFA and all the members of its executive committee meet today to set a date for a leadership election. Mr. Blatter announced last month that he would step down as FIFA president, weeks after the dramatic arrests in Zurich of senior officials from the organization. They were detained as part of a US criminal inquiry¹⁸ into alleged¹⁹ corruption²⁰.

The US Defense²¹ Secretary Ashton Carter has begun a visit to Israel, saying he doesn’t expect to persuade the government there to drop its opposition to the deal on Iran’s nuclear programme. Mr. Carter said friends could disagree. The Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has condemned²² the international accord reached last week in Vienna as a historic mistake.

The FARC rebel group in Columbia has ordered all its military units to observe a month long unilateral ceasefire from today. The announcement was made by FARC leaders in Cuba where the group has been in peace talks with the Columbian government since 2012.

A labyrinth²³ of Second World War tunnels built beneath the White Cliffs of Dover opens to the public today after lying forgotten for decades. The tunnels known as the Fan Bay Deep Shelter were later filled with rubble²⁴. They have now been cleared by hand by volunteers. Rebecca Drought has this report.

The White Cliffs of Dover are in enduring image of the war, but 75 feet below ground, the Fan Bay Deep Shelter is a reminder²⁵ that they were also the British front line. The tunnels were rediscovered after the National Trust bought the land. Winston Churchill ordered that construction in 1940 after he was said to be enraged²⁶ to see German shipping²⁷ moving freely in the channel. They provided accommodation for soldiers who men the gun battery above. The excavations²⁸ also uncovered 2 rare First World War concrete sound mirrors which were said to have given a 9-minute warning but an enemy aircraft were approaching.

上周希腊议会通过作为纾困方案一部分的紧缩措施，然后希腊各银行就恢复了三周以来的首次营业，但目前仍实施有一些限制措施。马克·罗文在雅典报道。

每天取款限额已经改为每周420美元的取款限额，所有支票都不能兑现，不能开新账户，同时阻止将资金转移到国外。同时，餐馆和出租车的增值税将从13%增加到23%。由于紧缩措施已经通过，且已与借贷方达成协议，希腊将能获得紧急资金，来向欧洲央行进行大笔还款，避免了违约的风险。但目前仍面临一些障碍，包括周三要在议会通过更多改革措施。

缅甸军方负责人称，在今年晚些时候的选举中，即使是反对派获胜，也会尊重选举结果。但在接受BBC的采访中，敏昂兰将军称军方的政治角色将保持不变，直到与缅甸的少数民族叛军组织达成和平为止。一般认为诺奖得主昂山素季的政党将在11月份的选举中获得最多席位，但缅甸宪法阻止她成为总统。

中国财政副部长朱光耀为本国干预股市的做法辩护，在此前的几周里股份损失掉三分之一的市值。乔·利纳姆报道。

本月早些时候，中国对大型投资者出售股份施加严格的限制，这是因为中国股市出现急剧下跌，卷走了数千亿美元的公司市值。中国副财长朱光耀告诉BBC，干预措施是必要的，因为一些投资者违反了规则，他们为了购买股份大量借债，这就是所谓的杠杆作用。朱光耀说稳定对市场来说很关键，而且中国的监管部门已从英国和美国的经验中学习到如何最好地对付股市动荡。

日本三菱公司为二战期间强迫美国囚犯做劳役而道歉，公司高管木村光对此表示悔恨，这些囚犯曾被安置在公司矿场工作。目前仍在世的美国人、94岁的詹姆斯·墨菲称他已经等待了70年，这一天是荣耀的一天。

“我仔细听了木村光的道歉，觉得他很真诚、谦逊，流露了真感情，这是我们第一次听到这样的道歉，确实很让人感动。”

这里是最新的BBC世界新闻。

世界足球管理机构国际足联主席塞普·布拉特和该组织所有执行委员会成员今天开会为领导层选举设定了日期，该组织的高级官员在苏黎世被戏剧性逮捕，几周后的上月，布拉特宣布将辞职。他们之所以被捕是因为美国对所谓腐败案进行刑事调查。

美国国防部长艾希顿·卡特开始访问以色列，称他并没有期待劝说该国政府放弃反对伊朗核项目协议。卡特称朋友之间也可以意见不同，以色列总理本杰明·内塔尼亚胡谴责上月在维也纳达成的国际协议，称这是历史性的错误。

哥伦比亚FARC叛军组织下令其军事部门从今天开始遵守为期一个月的单边停火协议，这是FARC领导人在古巴做出的声明，自2012年起该组织就开始在古巴与哥伦比亚政府进行和谈。

多佛白崖下建造的二战密道在被遗忘几十年后现已向公众开放，这条被称为“风扇湾深避难所”的密道后来满是碎石，现已被志愿者亲手清理干净。丽贝卡·德劳特报道。

长久以来多佛白崖都是战争的象征，但在75英尺的地下，风扇湾深避难所在提醒人们这里也曾是英国的前线。这条密道被重新发现是在国民托管组织购买下这块土地后，据说温斯顿·丘吉尔在看到德军轻易通过该英吉利海峡后就下令建造这条密道。这条密道为地面上发射高炮的士兵提供了住处，这次发掘还发现了一战时期遗留的两个罕见声镜，据说声镜可以提前9分钟预警，提示士兵敌人飞机正在接近。

1 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

2 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

3 vat   

n.(=value added tax)增值税，大桶

参考例句：

• The office is asking for the vat papers.办事处要有关增值税的文件。
• His father emptied sacks of stale rye bread into the vat.他父亲把一袋袋发霉的黑面包倒进大桶里。

4 creditors   

n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 repayment   

n.偿还，偿还款；报酬

参考例句：

• I am entitled to a repayment for the damaged goods.我有权利索取货物损坏赔偿金。
• The tax authorities have been harrying her for repayment.税务局一直在催她补交税款。

6 hurdles   

n.障碍( hurdle的名词复数 )；跳栏；（供人或马跳跃的）栏架；跨栏赛

参考例句：

• In starting a new company, many hurdles must be crossed. 刚开办一个公司时，必须克服许多障碍。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• There are several hurdles to be got over in this project. 在这项工程中有一些困难要克服。 来自辞典例句

7 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

8 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

9 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

10 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

11 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

12 leverage   

n.力量，影响；杠杆作用，杠杆的力量

参考例句：

• We'll have to use leverage to move this huge rock.我们不得不借助杠杆之力来移动这块巨石。
• He failed in the project because he could gain no leverage. 因为他没有影响力，他的计划失败了。

13 turbulence   

n.喧嚣，狂暴，骚乱，湍流

参考例句：

• The turbulence caused the plane to turn over.空气的激流导致飞机翻转。
• The world advances amidst turbulence.世界在动荡中前进。

14 landmark   

n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标

参考例句：

• The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
• The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。

15 remorse   

n.痛恨，悔恨，自责

参考例句：

• She had no remorse about what she had said.她对所说的话不后悔。
• He has shown no remorse for his actions.他对自己的行为没有任何悔恨之意。

16 survivor   

n.生存者，残存者，幸存者

参考例句：

• The sole survivor of the crash was an infant.这次撞车的惟一幸存者是一个婴儿。
• There was only one survivor of the plane crash.这次飞机失事中只有一名幸存者。

17 humble   

adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低

参考例句：

• In my humble opinion,he will win the election.依我拙见，他将在选举中获胜。
• Defeat and failure make people humble.挫折与失败会使人谦卑。

18 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

19 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

20 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

21 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

22 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

23 labyrinth   

n.迷宫；难解的事物；迷路

参考例句：

• He wandered through the labyrinth of the alleyways.他在迷宫似的小巷中闲逛。
• The human mind is a labyrinth.人的心灵是一座迷宫。

24 rubble   

n.（一堆）碎石，瓦砾

参考例句：

• After the earthquake,it took months to clean up the rubble.地震后，花了数月才清理完瓦砾。
• After the war many cities were full of rubble.战后许多城市到处可见颓垣残壁。

25 reminder   

n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示

参考例句：

• I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
• It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。

26 enraged   

使暴怒( enrage的过去式和过去分词 )； 歜； 激愤

参考例句：

• I was enraged to find they had disobeyed my orders. 发现他们违抗了我的命令，我极为恼火。
• The judge was enraged and stroke the table for several times. 大法官被气得连连拍案。

27 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

28 excavations   

n.挖掘( excavation的名词复数 )；开凿；开凿的洞穴（或山路等）；（发掘出来的）古迹

参考例句：

• The excavations are open to the public. 发掘现场对公众开放。
• This year's excavations may reveal ancient artifacts. 今年的挖掘可能会发现史前古器物。 来自辞典例句