口译词汇之经贸篇

 　　澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement

　　摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响shake off the impact of the financial crisis

　　帮助人才脱颖而出help excellent talents find way to distinction

　　备件spare parts

　　部长级会议ministerial meeting

　　采取积极财政政策 proactive fiscal¹ policy

　　出口创汇型/外向型产业 export-oriented industry

　　垂直兼并vertical² merger³

　　倒爷profiteer

　　抵免offset⁴

　　东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area

　　东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations

　　对外项目承包foreign project contracting

　　反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against ……

　　防伪标志anti-fake label

　　放松银根ease monetary⁵ policy

　　非配额产品quota⁶-free products

　　非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects

　　风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment⁷

　　风险基金venture capital

　　风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk

　　岗位培训on-the-job training

　　港元的联系汇率制the linkage⁸ system between the US dollar and the HK dollar

　　搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises

　　工程项目engineering project

　　工业增加值industrial added value

　　公正合理equitable⁹ and rational

　　固定资产投资investment in the fixed¹⁰ assets

　　广开就业门路increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment

　　规模经济scale economy/ economies of scale

　　国合企业(即国有合作社)state-owned cooperatives

　　国际清算international settlement

　　国际收支平衡balance of international payments/ balance of payment

　　国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of payment

　　国家补贴public subsidies¹¹

　　国家鼓励项目projects listed as encouraged by the state

　　国家科技创新体系State Scientific and Technological¹² Innovation System

　　国家现汇结存state foreign exchange reserves

　　合理引导消费guide rational consumption

　　横向兼并horizontal merger

　　坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan

　　货币市场money market

　　机构臃肿overstaffing in (government) organizations

　　机构重叠organizational overlapping¹³

　　技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development

　　季节性调价seasonal¹⁴ price adjustments

　　既成事实established/accomplished facts

　　减免债务reduce and cancel debts

　　建材building materials

　　进口环节税import linkage tax

　　经常项目current account

　　经常性的财政收入regular revenues

　　竟价投标competitive bidding

　　就业前培训pre-job training

　　控股公司holding company

　　垃圾融资junk financing

　　劳动密集性企业labor¹⁵-intensive enterprises

　　劳务合作labor service cooperation

　　累计实现顺差143.4美元accumulatively realizing trade surplus

　　利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery

　　流动人口floating population

　　龙头产品lagship product

　　乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction¹⁶ of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory¹⁷ donations and random¹⁸ levies¹⁹ on enterprises

　　慢性萧条chronic²⁰ depression

　　农业技术合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation

　　盘活存量资产revitalize stock assets

　　配件accessories

　　皮包公司flying-by-night company; bogus company

　　平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual²¹ benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development

　　瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions

　　企业的自我约束机制self-regulating mechanism²² of enterprises

　　企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises

　　企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses

　　企业所得税corporate²³ income tax

　　千年问题、千年虫millennium bug²⁴

　　抢得先机take the preemptive opportunities

　　清理、修订screen and modify

　　求同存异overcome differences and seek common ground

　　商住和公益设施建设commercial, residential²⁵ and public utility construction

　　申报制度reporting system; income declaration system

　　实行股份制enforce stockholding system

　　实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to, treat foreign investors²⁶ as quals to the Chinese counterparts

　　市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA Administrative²⁷ Aspects of Market Access

　　适销对路的产品readily marketable products

　　双重轨制two-tier system / double-track system

　　水利water conservation

　　所有制形式forms of ownership

　　贪图安逸crave²⁸ comfort and pleasure

　　通货紧缩deflation

　　通货膨胀inflation

　　同步增长increase in the same pace

　　外援方式modality of foreign aid

　　无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator

　　无纸交易paperless transaction

　　现代企业制度modern corporate system

　　消费膨胀inflated²⁹ consumption

　　协议投标negotiated bidding

　　信息化informationize

　　形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场establish an unified³⁰, open market with orderly competition

　　亚欧会议ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting

　　亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum³¹

　　亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC：APEC Business Advisory³² Council

　　亚太计量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program

　　亚太经合组织部长级会议AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting

　　亚太经合组织经济领导人会议AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting

　　亚太经济合作组织 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

　　亚太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center

　　亚太商业论坛 ABF：APEC Business Forum

　　亚太商业网络 APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network

　　亚太实验室认可合作APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation³³ Cooperation

　　亚太通讯与数据系统ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System

　　亚太信息基础设施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure³⁴

　　亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises

　　亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank

　　以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度implement³⁵ an automatic registration³⁶ system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis

　　营业税turnover³⁷ tax

　　在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展alongside fortifying³⁸ the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership

　　债转股debt-to-equity swap³⁹

　　中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例Implementation⁴⁰ Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan

　　中介服务组织intermediary service organization

　　注入新的生机与活力bring new vigor⁴¹ and vitality⁴² into

　　转化经营机制change the method of operation

　　资本项目capital account

　　自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999

　　自由浮动汇率free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate

　　自主经营,自负盈亏responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses

　　走上良性发展的轨道going on the track of sound progress

　　shipping⁴³ service company 船务公司

　　generic⁴⁴ products非商标(非专利)产品

　　prudent⁴⁵ monetary policy稳健的货币政策

　　deficit⁴⁶ spending超前消费

　　run on banks(到银行)挤兑

　　domestic support to agriculture 对农业的国内支持

　　special bonds特种债券

　　economy of abundance 富裕经济

　　Animal-based protein动物源性蛋白

　　dual⁴⁷ purpose exports军民两用品出口

　　dual-use goods and technology 军民两用产品和技术

　　NAFTA North American Free Trade Area北美自由贸易区

　　global quota全球配额

　　grandfather clause祖父条款

　　Animal-derived food动物源食品

　　EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral⁴⁸ Liberalization)部门提前自愿自由化

　　TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)贸易和投资自由化和便利化

　　常见缩略：

　　C&F(cost&freight)成本加运费价

　　T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇

　　D/P(document against payment)付款交单

　　D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单

　　C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证

　　G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制

　　CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱

　　PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等

　　DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元

　　DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打

　　PKG(package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等

　　WT(weight)重量

　　G.W.(gross weight)毛重

　　N.W.(net weight)净重

　　(customs declaration)报关单

　　EA(each)每个，各

　　W (with)具有

　　w/o(without)没有

　　FAC(facsimile)传真

　　IMP(import)进口

　　EXP(export)出口

　　MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的

　　MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度

　　M 或MED (medium)中等，中级的

　　M/V(merchant vessel)商船

　　S.S(steamship)船运

　　MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨

　　DOC (document)文件、单据

　　INT(international)国际的

　　P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表

　　INV (invoice)发票

　　PCT (percent)百分比

　　REF (reference)参考、查价

　　EMS (express mail special)特快传递

　　STL.(style)式样、款式、类型

　　T或LTX或TX(telex)电传

　　RMB(renminbi)人民币

　　S/M (shipping marks)装船标记

　　PR或PRC(price) 价格

　　PUR (purchase)购买、购货

　　S/C(sales contract)销售确认书

　　L/C (letter of credit)信用证

　　B/L (bill of lading)提单

　　FOB (free on board)离岸价

　　CIF (cost,insurance&freight)成本、保险加运费价

　　GMO (genetically modified organism)转基因组织

　　CAGA (compound annual growth average)年复合增长率

1 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

2 vertical   

adj.垂直的，顶点的，纵向的；n.垂直物，垂直的位置

参考例句：

• The northern side of the mountain is almost vertical.这座山的北坡几乎是垂直的。
• Vertical air motions are not measured by this system.垂直气流的运动不用这种系统来测量。

3 merger   

n.企业合并，并吞

参考例句：

• Acceptance of the offer is the first step to a merger.对这项提议的赞同是合并的第一步。
• Shareholders will be voting on the merger of the companies.股东们将投票表决公司合并问题。

4 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

5 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

6 quota   

n.（生产、进出口等的）配额，（移民的）限额

参考例句：

• A restricted import quota was set for meat products.肉类产品设定了进口配额。
• He overfulfilled his production quota for two months running.他一连两个月超额完成生产指标。

7 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

8 linkage   

n.连接；环节

参考例句：

• In their monographic treatment of linkage,they have emphasized this especially.他们在论连锁的专题文章中特别强调了这点。
• Occasionally,problems with block inheritance or linkage are encountered.有时会遇到区段遗传或连锁问题。

9 equitable   

adj.公平的；公正的

参考例句：

• This is an equitable solution to the dispute. 这是对该项争议的公正解决。
• Paying a person what he has earned is equitable. 酬其应得,乃公平之事。

10 fixed   

adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

• Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
• Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

11 subsidies   

n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。
• Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income. 农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 technological   

adj.技术的；工艺的

参考例句：

• A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。
• Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今， 随着科技进步，生活节奏不断增快。

13 overlapping   

adj./n.交迭（的）

参考例句：

• There is no overlapping question between the two courses. 这两门课程之间不存在重叠的问题。
• A trimetrogon strip is composed of three rows of overlapping. 三镜头摄影航线为三排重迭的象片所组成。

14 seasonal   

adj.季节的，季节性的

参考例句：

• The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
• The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。

15 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

16 exaction   

n.强求，强征；杂税

参考例句：

• The aged leader was exhausted by the exaction of a pitiless system.作为年迈的领导人，冷酷无情制度的苛求使他心力交瘁。
• The exaction was revived by Richard I.这种苛捐杂税被查理一世加以恢复。

17 compulsory   

n.强制的，必修的；规定的，义务的

参考例句：

• Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗？
• Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。

18 random   

adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动

参考例句：

• The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。

19 levies   

（部队）征兵( levy的名词复数 )； 募捐； 被征募的军队

参考例句：

• At that time, taxes and levies were as many as the hairs on an ox. 那时，苛捐杂税多如牛毛。
• Variable levies can insulate farmers and consumers from world markets. 差价进口税可以把农民和消费者与世界市场隔离开来。

20 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

21 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

22 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

23 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

24 bug   

n.虫子；故障；窃听器；vt.纠缠；装窃听器

参考例句：

• There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。
• The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。

25 residential   

adj.提供住宿的；居住的；住宅的

参考例句：

• The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。
• The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。

26 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

27 administrative   

adj.行政的，管理的

参考例句：

• The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
• He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

28 crave   

vt.渴望得到，迫切需要，恳求，请求

参考例句：

• Many young children crave attention.许多小孩子渴望得到关心。
• You may be craving for some fresh air.你可能很想呼吸呼吸新鲜空气。

29 inflated   

adj.（价格）飞涨的；（通货）膨胀的；言过其实的；充了气的v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨

参考例句：

• He has an inflated sense of his own importance. 他自视过高。
• They all seem to take an inflated view of their collective identity. 他们对自己的集体身份似乎都持有一种夸大的看法。 来自《简明英汉词典》

30 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

31 forum   

n.论坛，讨论会

参考例句：

• They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
• The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

32 advisory   

adj.劝告的，忠告的，顾问的，提供咨询

参考例句：

• I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。
• He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。

33 accreditation   

n.委派，信赖，鉴定合格

参考例句：

• a letter of accreditation 一份合格证明书
• This paper gives an overview of the Verification, Validation and Accreditation (VV&A) in High Level Architecture(HLA). 对基于高层体系结构(High Level Architecture,简称HLA)的仿真系统的校核、验证与确认(Verification, Validation and Accreditation,简称VV&A)问题进行了详细的介绍及分析。 来自互联网

34 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

35 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

36 registration   

n.登记，注册，挂号

参考例句：

• Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
• What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

37 turnover   

n.人员流动率，人事变动率；营业额，成交量

参考例句：

• The store greatly reduced the prices to make a quick turnover.这家商店实行大减价以迅速周转资金。
• Our turnover actually increased last year.去年我们的营业额竟然增加了。

38 fortifying   

筑防御工事于( fortify的现在分词 )； 筑堡于； 增强； 强化（食品）

参考例句：

• Fortifying executive function and restraining impulsivity are possible with active interventions. 积极干预可能有助加强执行功能和抑制冲动性。
• Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face, fortifying himself against still another disappointment. 文戈不再张望，他绷紧脸，仿佛正在鼓足勇气准备迎接另一次失望似的。

39 swap   

n.交换；vt.交换，用...作交易

参考例句：

• I will swap you my bicycle for your radio.我想拿我的自行车换你的收音机。
• This comic was a swap that I got from Nick.这本漫画书是我从尼克那里换来的。

40 implementation   

n.实施，贯彻

参考例句：

• Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

41 vigor   

n.活力，精力，元气

参考例句：

• The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
• She didn't want to be reminded of her beauty or her former vigor.现在，她不愿人们提起她昔日的美丽和以前的精力充沛。

42 vitality   

n.活力，生命力，效力

参考例句：

• He came back from his holiday bursting with vitality and good health.他度假归来之后，身强体壮，充满活力。
• He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。

43 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

44 generic   

adj.一般的，普通的，共有的

参考例句：

• I usually buy generic clothes instead of name brands.我通常买普通的衣服，不买名牌。
• The generic woman appears to have an extraordinary faculty for swallowing the individual.一般妇女在婚后似乎有特别突出的抑制个性的能力。

45 prudent   

adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的

参考例句：

• A prudent traveller never disparages his own country.聪明的旅行者从不贬低自己的国家。
• You must school yourself to be modest and prudent.你要学会谦虚谨慎。

46 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

47 dual   

adj.双的；二重的，二元的

参考例句：

• The people's Republic of China does not recognize dual nationality for any Chinese national.中华人民共和国不承认中国公民具有双重国籍。
• He has dual role as composer and conductor.他兼作曲家及指挥的双重身分。

48 sectoral   

adj.扇形的

参考例句：

• Is agriculture actually taxed by sectoral policies, or is It'subsidized? 按照部门政策，农业实际上是上缴了税还是得到了补贴呢？ 来自辞典例句
• In the 1980s this concept was used to buttress several so-called sectoral reciprocity proposals. 80年代这一原则曾被用来支持几个所谓部分互惠建议。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件