英语发音连读规则

 　　连读的条件：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重，也不可音。(连读符号：~)1)“辅音+元音”型连读

　　在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。

　　I’m~an~English boy.

　　It~is~an~old book.

　　Let me have~a look~at~it.

　　Ms Black worked~in~an~office last~year.

　　I called~you half~an~hour~ago.

　　Put~it~on, please.

　　Not~at~all.

　　Please pick~it~up.

　　(2)“r/re+元音”型连读

　　如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。

　　They’re my father~and mother.

　　I looked for~it here~and there.

　　There~is a football under~it.

　　There~are some books on the desk.

　　Here~is a letter for you.

　　Here~are four~eggs.

　　But where~is my cup?

　　Where~are your brother~and sister?

　　但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。

　　The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读）(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读

　　英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。

　　Thank~you.

　　Nice to meet~you.

　　Did~you get there late~again?

　　Would~you like~a cup~of tea？

　　Could~you help me, please?

　　“音的同化”

　　-常把/d/+/j/读成/dV/，didyou听上成了/dIdVu/，wouldyou成了/wudVu/，couldyou成了/kudVu/。

　　(4)“元音+元音”型连读

　　如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。

　　I~am Chinese.

　　He~is very friendly to me.

　　She wants to study~English.

　　How~and why did you come here?

　　She can’t carry~it.

　　It’ll take you three~hours to walk there.

　　The question is too~easy for him to answer.

　　(5)不可连读的情况

　　当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。

　　Is~it a~hat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读）There~is~a good book in my desk.（book与in之间不可以连读）Can you speak~English or French?（English与or之间不可以连读）Shall we meet at~eight or ten tomorrow morning?（meet与at，eight与or之间不可以连读）She opened the door and walked~in.（door与and之间不可以连读）(6)失爆造成的“连读” 6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。

　　The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.

　　The bi(g) bus from the fa(c)tory is full of people.

　　Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?

　　This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.

　　The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.

　　We’re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.

　　What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?

　　It’s a very col(d) day, but it’s a goo(d) day.

　　You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.

　　I bought a chea(p) book, but it’s agoo(d) book.

　　(b)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/W/，/T/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。

　　Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell.

　　Goo(d) morning, dear.

　　Uncle Li’s fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.

　　I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.

　　-Do you know his bi(ke) number?

　　-Sorry, I don’(t) know.

　　The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.

　　Goo(d) luck, Richard.

　　(a)“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。

　　超简单5招让对话继续

　　Sometimes it can be tough to keep a conversation going. Take this familiar scenario¹:

　　有时如何让对话继续是件难事，比如说下面这个场景有没有一点似曾相似?

　　You’re talking to someone you have just met, and the conversation is starting to stall². With every passing second of silence comes more and more awkwardness⁴. You rack⁵ your brain, trying to come up with a new topic, but your mind is blank. You make your excuses and then leave. As you walk away you start to ponder⁶ where it all went wrong你和一个刚刚遇到的人说着话，但谈话开始变得僵硬。随着沉闷一分一秒的加剧，场面变得越来越尴尬。你绞尽脑汁试图提出一个新话题，但你脑袋里却是一片空白。你为自己找了一个借口离开了。当你走开的时候，你开始思考到底是哪里出了问题呢。

　　Don’t worry; it happens to the best of us. But knowing how to keep a conversation going is a great skill to possess. If you have trouble keeping a conversation going , you might miss an opportunity to get to know a great person. Here are 5 tips to make sure you never find yourself in that situation again.

　　不用担心，即使是最健谈的人也会碰上这种情况。但知道如何让谈话继续下去，是一种极好的技能。如果你在这方面遇到了问题，那你极有可能错失了认识一个还不错的人的机会。这里的5个技巧将保证你不会再陷入那种尴尬境地。

　　1. Listen

　　倾听

　　Intently⁷ listening to what the other person is saying is the best way to keep a conversation going. Many people forget that listening is an active task; nodding your head in acknowledgement without really paying attention isn’t going to help you. Taking a genuine⁸ interest and really paying attention to what the other person is saying will.

　　专注地倾听对方所说的话，这是让对话继续的最佳方法。很多人忘记倾听是一种主动行为;只是漫不经心地点头表示赞许却没有真正注意听，这并不管用。但发自内心真诚的关注和用心倾听对方所说的话可以帮到你。

　　Use their conversation to keep things going. For example, someone might say, “I went to Italy last year.” This one statement offers a great opportunity to keep the conversation going. You could ask, “Which part did you go to? How is the food over there? What was your favourite part of the vacation? Would you recommend going etc?” Actively⁹ listening offers endless ways to keep a conversation going.

　　利用他们的谈话内容让对话继续。比如，有人会说：“去年我去了意大利。” 这句陈述提供了一个让对话继续的良机。你可以问：“你去了意大利的哪一个城市?那里的食物怎么样?你最喜欢假期里的哪一部分?你会推荐别人去吗?” 等等问题。主动倾听为继续对话提供了无限可能。

　　2. Ask open ended questions

　　问开放性的问题

　　Questions which require more than just a “yes” or “no” answer encourage people to talk for longer, taking the pressure off you. For example, if you ask, “Do you like this restaurant?” a one word answer might be given. However, asking, “What do you think of this restaurant?” offers a much greater possibility to keep the conversation going.

　　提出那些回答不是Y/N的问题可以鼓励人们多谈论，从而减轻了你身上的谈话压力。举个例子，如果你问：“你喜欢这家餐馆吗?”那你得到的回复就是一句话。然而，假如你问：“你觉得这家餐馆怎么样?”，这就极有可能让对话继续不停。

　　3. Talk about your passions

　　谈谈让你充满激情的话题

　　Have you ever noticed that when you talk about something you are passionate¹⁰ about, time seems to flow? You are able to talk for hours without any awkward³ silences.

　　你有没有注意到当你谈论那些让你充满激情的话题时，时间似乎一晃就过去了。你可以说上好几个小时而且还不会出现窘人 的沉闷。

　　If you find a conversation stalling¹¹, direct the conversation towards something you would have no trouble talking about; your passions.

　　如果你发现谈话开始变得尴尬，那么把对话引导到你觉得谈起来毫不费力的话题上：那些让你充满激情的事物。

　　4. Just say it

　　说出来

　　Sometimes you have no problem thinking up things to say. The problem is that you fear the other person won’t enjoy the subject you have in mind. This fear is usually unfounded. Next time you find yourself stuck in conversation, just say what is on your mind. You might just be pleasantly surprised.

　　有时想到说什么话并不是难事。但问题是你担心别人对你的这个话题不感兴趣。这种担心通常是多余的。下次当你觉得自己陷入了谈话困境，说出你脑中想到的就好了。你也许会大吃一惊!

　　5. Practice

　　练习

　　Now you know of some tips to keep a conversation going, it is time to put them into practice. No matter what your skill level, you can only become better by practicing.

　　现在你知道了一些让对话继续的技巧，那么是时候把它们应用到实际中去了。不论你的水平如何，你只有不断地练习才能变得更好。

　　If you still lack confidence in your conversational¹² skills, start off by talking to your family and friends. When you feel a little more confident, get out of your comfort zone. Start to talk to co-workers or complete strangers. Soon enough, you will be able to master the art of conversation.

　　如果你对自己的谈话技巧缺乏信心，那么从与家人交谈和与朋友交谈开始。当你有了一点信心以后，然后离开你的舒适区域。开始和同事或完全陌生的人交谈。很快你就能掌握谈话的艺术。

　　Remember that sometimes the person you are talking with doesn’t want to be sociable¹³. They might be lost in their thoughts, be having a bad day or simply don’t want to contribute to the conversation. Even the very best conversationalists would have trouble keeping a conversation going. In this scenario, it is best to politely excuse yourself and find someone else to talk to.

　　记住，有时和你谈话的人并不擅长社交。他们可能陷在自己的想法中，或者遇到了不好的事，又或者只是不想交谈而已。即使是最健谈的人也会遇到谈话不能继续的情形。在这种情形下，最好的做法是为自己找一个委婉的理由离开，然后找另一个人谈话。

 

1 scenario   

n.剧本，脚本；概要

参考例句：

• But the birth scenario is not completely accurate.然而分娩脚本并非完全准确的。
• This is a totally different scenario.这是完全不同的剧本。

2 stall   

n.摊位，铺子，售货亭

参考例句：

• She sells fruits at a market stall.她在市场的货摊上卖水果。
• He has a stall that sells designer ripoffs.他开了个铺子卖仿冒设计师品牌衣服。

3 awkward   

adj.笨拙的，尴尬的，使用不便的，难处理的

参考例句：

• John is so shy and awkward that everyone notices him.约翰如此害羞狼狈，以至于大家都注意到了他。
• I was the only man among the guests and felt rather awkward.作为客人中的唯一男性，我有些窘迫。

4 awkwardness   

n.笨拙；粗劣；难为情；尴尬

参考例句：

• His awkwardness made him fumble with the key. 由于尴尬不安，他拿钥匙开锁时显得笨手笨脚。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I tried to smooth over the awkwardness of this first meeting. 我试图掩饰初次会面时的不自然。 来自辞典例句

5 rack   

n.挂架，搁架；vt.折磨；使紧张，使努力

参考例句：

• He went over and took his jacket from the coat rack.到衣架上取外套。
• The old house soon went to rack and ruin.这所旧房子很快就毁坏了。

6 ponder   

vt.考虑；vi.沉思

参考例句：

• You should pause and ponder now.你现在应该停下来仔细考虑一下。
• He sits to ponder his misfortune there.他坐在那里沉思着他的不幸。

7 intently   

adv.专心致志地，注意力集中地

参考例句：

• He watched her face intently to catch every nuance of expression. 他认真地注视着她的脸，捕捉每一丝细微的表情变化。
• He was looking at her intently but she stared him out. 他专注地看着她，可她盯得他移开了目光。

8 genuine   

adj.真的，非人造的；真诚的，真心的

参考例句：

• On further examination it was found that the signature was not genuine.经过进一步的调查发现签名不是真的。
• As time went on,a genuine friendship grew up between us.随着时间的推移，我们之间产生了一种真挚的友情。

9 actively   

adv.积极地，勤奋地

参考例句：

• During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
• We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。

10 passionate   

adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的

参考例句：

• He is said to be the most passionate man.据说他是最有激情的人。
• He is very passionate about the project.他对那个项目非常热心。

11 stalling   

失速，停转

参考例句：

• He asked them all kinds of pointless questions, stalling for time. 他向他们提了各种毫无意义的问题来拖延时间。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Thomas had spent all week stalling over his decision. 托马斯磨了整个星期，迟迟不想作出决定。 来自辞典例句

12 conversational   

adj.对话的，会话的

参考例句：

• The article is written in a conversational style.该文是以对话的形式写成的。
• She values herself on her conversational powers.她常夸耀自己的能言善辩。

13 sociable   

adj.好交际的，友好的，合群的

参考例句：

• Roger is a very sociable person.罗杰是个非常好交际的人。
• Some children have more sociable personalities than others.有些孩子比其他孩子更善于交际。