VOA常速英语2014--美国将对叙利亚境内武装分子进行空袭

 

US May Soon Launch Airstrikes on Militants¹ in Syria 美国将对叙利亚境内武装分子进行空袭

WASHINGTON—

The United States has conducted more than 175 airstrikes against Islamic State militants in Iraq and may soon launch attacks on the group’s stronghold in Syria. But analysts³ say it could be difficult to develop a military strategy that will not help the besieged⁴ government in Damascus.

Analysts say U.S. airstrikes only in Iraq would be ineffective in disrupting Islamic State extremists. They say such a plan could simply drive the militants back into Syria where they would have a chance to regroup.

分析家称，对于歼灭“伊斯兰国”极端分子来说，美国只对伊拉克进行空中打击是无效的。他们称这样的方案只能将武装分子赶回叙利亚，在那里他们有可能再度集结。

Syria analyst² Jennifer Cafarella with the Institute for the Study of War said, “It is entirely⁵ possible that Islamic State militants will be able to recede⁶ into Syria, but then to reengage inside of Iraq either through an insurgency⁷ campaign or through sustained terrorist operations even after the conclusion of U.S. airstrikes.”

就职于战事研究所的叙利亚分析家詹妮弗·卡法雷拉说，“‘伊斯兰国’武装分子撤回叙利亚是完全有可能的，在美国空中打击结束后，他们会通过叛乱或持续不断的恐怖行动再度出现在伊拉克。”

And while soldiers and militias⁸ fight the Islamic State jihadis across the border in Iraq, the situation in Syria is more complicated.

尽管军人和民兵在伊拉克边界各处打击“伊斯兰国”圣战分子，但叙利亚的局势却越发复杂了。

Syria's factions⁹

For more than three years, Syria's government has been fighting a civil war against numerous rebel groups, including Islamic State and the al-Qaida-affiliated al-Nusra Front.

三年多来，叙利亚政府一直在和无数叛乱组织进行内战，包括“伊斯兰国”和隶属于基地组织的努斯拉阵线。

Syrian Deputy Foreign Minister Faisal al-Miqdad said, “We believe that international cooperation against terrorism should not exclude any effective party.”

叙利亚副外长Faisal al-Miqdad说，“我们认为对付恐怖主义的国际合作不应该将任何有能力的一方排除在外。”

The U.S. and coalition¹⁰ partners have no interest in helping¹¹ the Damascus government.

美国和联盟伙伴无意帮助大马士革政府。

Instead, they plan to arm moderate Syrian fighters trying to overthrow¹² President Bashar al-Assad and defeat I-S militants.

相反，他们计划给试图推翻阿萨德总统并击败IS武装分子的叙利亚温和派武装分子提供武装。

But the extremists, also known as ISIS, are becoming part of the population.

但ISIS极端分子开始成为这种武装分子的一部分。

“It is far more difficult to target ISIS checkpoints and ISIS headquarters when they are embedded¹³ within the Syrian population,” said Cafarella.

“当ISIS检查站和总部嵌入叙利亚人群之中时很难对之进行打击。”

Analysts say there are moderate insurgents¹⁴ in Syria, but their  top priority is not the Islamic State group.

分析家称叙利亚境内存在温和的叛乱分子，但他们的首要目标并不是“伊斯兰国”组织。

Military plan

Former U.S. Ambassador to Syria Robert Ford¹⁵ said, “The Islamic State has killed thousands of people in Syria, as well as in Iraq. But the Bashar al-Assad regime has killed tens of thousands, if not more than that."

美国驻叙利亚前大使罗伯特·福特说，“‘伊斯兰国’在叙利亚和伊拉克境内杀死数千人，但阿萨德政权却杀死至少成千上万人。”

It could take months to train and equip the Syrian opposition¹⁶ to be ready for a ground campaign against Islamic State.

需要花费数月时间来培训和装备叙利亚反对派，帮助他们准备针对“伊斯兰国”的战斗。

Analyst Samuel Brannen said, “There is not going to be a clear end to this. This is really about containing a threat. It's not one that may be possible to outright¹⁷ defeat."

分析家Samuel Brannen说，“这里没有清晰的重点，这是在遏制一种威胁，这种威胁不可能被彻底击败。”

Experts say the U.S. currently does not have the intelligence needed to clear ISIS militants from urban areas and needs to partner with the Syrian opposition and Kurdish groups to obtain it.

专家称美国目前没有将ISIS武装分子从城市地区清除出去的情报信息，他说美国需要和叙利亚反对派及库尔德组织合作来获得这些情报。

And even if airstrikes are launched, will they be enough?

即使进行空中打击，这样就足够吗？

“No, it is not possible solely¹⁸ through the use of air power. It requires sustained cooperation with local elements that are willing and able to resist ISIS in the long term,” said Cafarella.

“不够的，单单通过空中打击是不够的，未来需要与当地有意愿且有能力抵抗ISIS的组织进行长期合作。”

Analysts say it will be difficult to form a military plan that will not allow the Syrian government, ISIS militants or al-Qaida linked rebels from controlling parts of the country when the air campaign is over.

分析家称在空中打击结束后，很难制定出不允许叙利亚政府、ISIS武装分子或与基地组织有关联组织控制该国部分地区的军事计划。

1 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

2 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

3 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

4 besieged   

包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Paris was besieged for four months and forced to surrender. 巴黎被围困了四个月后被迫投降。
• The community besieged the newspaper with letters about its recent editorial. 公众纷纷来信对报社新近发表的社论提出诘问，弄得报社应接不暇。

5 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

6 recede   

vi.退(去)，渐渐远去；向后倾斜，缩进

参考例句：

• The colleges would recede in importance.大学的重要性会降低。
• He saw that the dirty water had begun to recede.他发现那污浊的水开始往下退了。

7 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

8 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

9 factions   

组织中的小派别，派系( faction的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gens also lives on in the "factions." 氏族此外还继续存在于“factions〔“帮”〕中。 来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
• rival factions within the administration 政府中的对立派别

10 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

11 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

12 overthrow   

v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆

参考例句：

• After the overthrow of the government,the country was in chaos.政府被推翻后，这个国家处于混乱中。
• The overthrow of his plans left him much discouraged.他的计划的失败使得他很气馁。

13 embedded   

a.扎牢的

参考例句：

• an operation to remove glass that was embedded in his leg 取出扎入他腿部玻璃的手术
• He has embedded his name in the minds of millions of people. 他的名字铭刻在数百万人民心中。

14 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

15 Ford   

n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过

参考例句：

• They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上，所以我们只能涉水过河。
• If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪，必须极度小心。

16 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

17 outright   

adv.坦率地；彻底地；立即；adj.无疑的；彻底的

参考例句：

• If you have a complaint you should tell me outright.如果你有不满意的事，你应该直率地对我说。
• You should persuade her to marry you outright.你应该彻底劝服她嫁给你。

18 solely   

adv.仅仅，唯一地

参考例句：

• Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
• The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这座城市几乎完全靠旅游业维持。