VOA常速英语2019--印度旅游业难以兼顾经济效益与环境保护

Many of the traditional wooden house boats that were a big draw for Indian and foreign tourists on the palm-fringed inland lagoons¹ in Kerala are standing² idle during the peak season.

这里的很多传统木制船屋曾经让印度内外的游客深深着迷，这些船屋位于印度喀拉拉邦棕榈树环绕的内陆泻湖上。而现在，虽然是旺季，船屋却门可罗雀。

This house boat owner in the tropical back waters in Alappuzha waits for visitors, but their numbers have dwindled³ after the most intense rains in a century triggered devastating⁴ floods last August.

这个船屋的主人在阿拉普扎热带水域生活，他翘首以盼的客流量却减少了，原因是一个世纪以来的最强降雨引发了巨大洪灾，这是去年8月的事情。

Last Monday, just really feeling bad because on a last December, we can get good money and good business, some good a lot of business in in this field.

上周一，我感觉真地很差，因为去年12月，我们赚得盆满钵满，生意兴旺，做了很多比好买卖。

But to 2018 is going down.

但2018年的时候，生意越来越差。

A tourist boom in recent years created tens of thousands of jobs, but despite the receding⁵ flood waters, work has been slow.

近年来的旅游热潮创造了无数工作岗位，但现在，即便洪水已退，就业率依然低迷。

Two months, three months salary has been spending because of we don’t know enough this year we don’t have enough income.

我们寅吃卯粮，因为我们今年根本没赚多少。

Vowing⁶ to revive tourism, authorities are racing⁷ to restore damaged infrastructure⁸ in the plains and in careless popular hill areas where verdant⁹ hillsides had crumbled¹⁰ into brown rubble¹¹ due to landslides¹².

承诺要振兴旅游业之后，当局竞相修复受损的基础设施，这些基础设施位于平原和无人问津的知名丘陵地区。那里的青山已经沦为土棕色的废墟，原因是山崩不断。

Anoop Murali who left a small family farm to work in the city is happy that damaged roads are being rebuilt and widened.

阿弩普离开了一家小型家庭农场，到城里务工，他很开心地看到受损的道路正在重建和扩建。

It is along these roads that he ferries tourists to scenic¹³ places covered with tea plantations¹⁴ such as Munnar.

正是在这些道路上，他载着游客去往景点。景点到处都是慕那尔这样的茶园。

This is our bread and butter. Many people are like me. There was no much opportunity to work in a farm because it is not machining.

这是我们的收入来源。像我这样的人有很多。在农场工作没什么机会，因为农场采用的不是机械加工。

As it overcomes the ravages¹⁵ of the floods, Kerala is hoping to top the 1 million foreign and 15 million domestic tourists who came in 2017.

随着洪灾难关的度过，印度的喀拉拉邦有望超越2017年100万境外游客和1500万境内游客的历史记录。

Environmentalists, however, cautioned that cutting fragile hillsides and diverting farmlands to build roads and resorts to accommodate visitors contributed to intensifying¹⁶ the flooding.

不过，一些环保人士警示称，截断脆弱山腰、将农田改造为道路和度假胜地以吸引游客的举动会加剧洪灾的泛滥。

The urbanization and development that has happened has taken over a significant portion of area ecologically sensitive area which could have, you know, distributed water evenly or even allowed water to go inside the ground.

开弓没有回头箭的城市化和发展进程已经让大片地区变成了生态敏感地区，这会导致水流分布不均，甚至导致水流回地表以下。

Infrastructure is being built without considering the movement of water. Okay, so, for example, they’re constructing roads without giving way for water to pass under the road.

建造基础设施的时候没有考虑到水流向的问题。好，我们来举个例子：建造公路的时候，没有为路面下的水通路。

So, you know, they’re constructing fast, but my my fear is that most of the roads are going to again became become an embankment.

就是这样，他们建造得很快，但我担心大多数道路会再次成为路堤。

Others say tourism is their lifeline.

还有一些人认为旅游业是他们的命脉。

People are struggling now, because somehow guests should understand that key lies under person safe, and we all welcome them to a point for our survival and better business.

大家现在处境很艰难，因为不管怎样，游客都应该明白人生安全的重要性。我们都欢迎他们的到来，这样我们才能生存并盈利。

With such voices ringing out, Kerala faces a challenge in ensuring sustainable development as it rebuilds.

随着各方的发声，喀拉拉邦现在面临挑战——重建的同时确保可持续发展。

1 lagoons   

n.污水池( lagoon的名词复数 )；潟湖；（大湖或江河附近的）小而浅的淡水湖；温泉形成的池塘

参考例句：

• The Islands are by shallow crystal clear lagoons enclosed by coral reefs. 该群岛包围由珊瑚礁封闭的浅水清澈泻湖。 来自互联网
• It is deposited in low-energy environments in lakes, estuaries and lagoons. 它沉淀于湖泊、河口和礁湖的低能量环境中，也可于沉淀于深海环境。 来自互联网

2 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

3 dwindled   

v.逐渐变少或变小( dwindle的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Support for the party has dwindled away to nothing. 支持这个党派的人渐渐化为乌有。
• His wealth dwindled to nothingness. 他的钱财化为乌有。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。

5 receding   

v.逐渐远离( recede的现在分词 )；向后倾斜；自原处后退或避开别人的注视；尤指问题

参考例句：

• Desperately he struck out after the receding lights of the yacht. 游艇的灯光渐去渐远，他拼命划水追赶。 来自辞典例句
• Sounds produced by vehicles receding from us seem lower-pitched than usual. 渐渐远离我们的运载工具发出的声似乎比平常的音调低。 来自辞典例句

6 vowing   

起誓，发誓（vow的现在分词形式）

参考例句：

• President Bush is vowing to help Minneapolis rebuild its collapsed bridge. 布什总统承诺将帮助明尼阿波利斯重建坍塌的大桥。
• President Bush is vowing to help Minneapolis rebuild this collapse bridge. 布什总统发誓要帮助明尼阿波利斯重建起这座坍塌的桥梁。

7 racing   

n.竞赛，赛马；adj.竞赛用的，赛马用的

参考例句：

• I was watching the racing on television last night.昨晚我在电视上看赛马。
• The two racing drivers fenced for a chance to gain the lead.两个赛车手伺机竞相领先。

8 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

9 verdant   

adj.翠绿的，青翠的，生疏的，不老练的

参考例句：

• Children are playing on the verdant lawn.孩子们在绿茵茵的草坪上嬉戏玩耍。
• The verdant mountain forest turns red gradually in the autumn wind.苍翠的山林在秋风中渐渐变红了。

10 crumbled   

（把…）弄碎， （使）碎成细屑( crumble的过去式和过去分词 )； 衰落； 坍塌； 损坏

参考例句：

• He crumbled the bread in his fingers. 他用手指把面包捻碎。
• Our hopes crumbled when the business went bankrupt. 商行破产了，我们的希望也破灭了。

11 rubble   

n.（一堆）碎石，瓦砾

参考例句：

• After the earthquake,it took months to clean up the rubble.地震后，花了数月才清理完瓦砾。
• After the war many cities were full of rubble.战后许多城市到处可见颓垣残壁。

12 landslides   

山崩( landslide的名词复数 )； （山坡、悬崖等的）崩塌； 滑坡； （竞选中）一方选票占压倒性多数

参考例句：

• Landslides have cut off many villages in remote areas. 滑坡使边远地区的许多村庄与外界隔绝。
• The storm caused landslides and flooding in Savona. 风暴致使萨沃纳发生塌方和洪灾。

13 scenic   

adj.自然景色的，景色优美的

参考例句：

• The scenic beauty of the place entranced the visitors.这里的美丽风光把游客们迷住了。
• The scenic spot is on northwestern outskirts of Beijing.这个风景区位于北京的西北远郊。

14 plantations   

n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Soon great plantations, supported by slave labor, made some families very wealthy. 不久之后出现了依靠奴隶劳动的大庄园，使一些家庭成了富豪。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• Winterborne's contract was completed, and the plantations were deserted. 维恩特波恩的合同完成后，那片林地变得荒废了。 来自辞典例句

15 ravages   

劫掠后的残迹，破坏的结果，毁坏后的残迹

参考例句：

• the ravages of war 战争造成的灾难
• It is hard for anyone to escape from the ravages of time. 任何人都很难逃避时间的摧残。

16 intensifying   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的现在分词 )；增辉

参考例句：

• The allies are intensifying their air campaign. 联军部队正加大他们的空战强度。 来自辞典例句
• The rest of the European powers were in a state of intensifying congestion. 其余的欧洲强国则处于越来越拥挤的状态。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史