2019年经济学人 一周要闻 苹果与高通和解 大众出新款SUV 雪佛龙收购阿纳达科

 

The world this week

本周要闻

Business

商业

Chevron¹ agreed to take over Anadarko in a $49bn deal. The acquisition expands Chevron’s shale²-oil assets in America’s Permian basin, where Anadarko is a leading independent operator. It also gains a huge liquefied-natural-gas project in Mozambique. Big oil companies have been increasing their shale production targets, adding to the pressure on smaller, independent outfits³ to consolidate⁴.

雪佛龙同意以490亿美元收购阿纳达科。此次收购扩大了雪佛龙在美国二叠纪盆地的页岩油资产，阿纳达科是该地区领先的独立运营商。雪佛龙还获得了莫桑比克一个巨大的液化天然气项目。大型石油公司一直在提高页岩油产量目标，加大了规模较小的独立石油公司进行整合的压力。

Friends again

重拾友谊

Following years of costly⁵ litigation, Apple and Qualcomm settled their dispute over royalties⁶ and reached a six-year licensing⁷ agreement. Their quarrel had revolved⁸ around patent fees for the use of Qualcomm’s chips in Apple’s iPhone. While the dispute dragged on, Apple had switched to Intel to supply it with chips, but Intel had encountered problems designing chips for next-generation 5g phones and now plans to exit that business.

经过多年代价高昂的诉讼纷争后，苹果和高通就版税纠纷达成和解，并达成一项为期6年的授权协议。他们的争端围绕的是高通芯片在苹果iPhone上的专利费用。在纠纷持续的过程中，苹果转投英特尔芯片，但英特尔在为下一代5G手机设计芯片时遇到了问题，并且现在计划退出该业务。

Investors⁹ pored over Uber’s prospectus¹⁰, which it released ahead of its forthcoming IPO. Overall revenues hit $11.3bn last year, though growth is slowing at Uber’s core ride-hailing service. Uber Eats, its food-delivery service, accounted for 13% of sales, a big jump from the previous year. Uber is aiming for a $100bn stockmarket valuation, which would make it the biggest flotation in five years.

投资者仔细研究了优步的招股说明书，招股说明书是该公司在即将上市前发布的。去年，优步总收入达到113亿美元，不过其核心的叫车服务的增长正在放缓。优步的外卖服务Uber Eats占其销售额的13%，较前一年大幅增长。优步的目标是市值达到1000亿美元，这将使其成为5年来规模最大的上市公司。

German prosecutors¹¹ charged Martin Winterkorn with “particularly serious” fraud relating to the emissions-cheating scandal at Volkswagen that happened during his time as chief executive. Mr Winterkorn resigned soon after the scandal broke in 2015. He has been indicted¹² in America on similar charges but is unlikely to face trial there. The German authorities want him to return some of his pay, and he could face up to ten years in prison, making this one of the gravest legal cases brought against a German executive.

德国检察官指控马丁·文德恩(Martin Winterkorn)犯有“特别严重”的欺诈罪，与其在担任大众汽车首席执行官期间发生的尾气造假丑闻有关。2015年，文德恩在该丑闻爆发后不久辞职了。他在美国也因类似的指控被起诉，但不太可能在那里接受审判。德国当局希望他返还部分工资，并且他可能面临最高10年的监禁，这将成为针对德国高管的最严重的法律案件之一。

Volkswagen unveiled an electric SUV that it will build in China from 2021, stepping up its production of zero-emission vehicles to take on Tesla in the world’s biggest car market. VW described its new car as “a lounge on wheels”.

大众汽车推出了一款电动SUV，将从2021年起在中国生产。该公司将提高零排放汽车的产量，以便在全球最大的汽车市场与特斯拉(Tesla)一较高下。大众将其新车描述为“轮子上的休息室”。

America’s big banks reported earnings¹³ for the first three months of the year. JPMorgan Chase made a net profit of $9.2bn, a record for the bank. A strong showing in consumer lending drove Bank of America’s net income of $7.3bn. Citigroup’s $4.7bn profit was boosted by investment banking¹⁴. And Wells Fargo, which is trying to put a series of scandals behind it, saw its income rise by 16% compared with the same three months last year, to $5.9bn, thanks to one-off gains. Profit at Goldman Sachs dropped by a fifth, to $2.2bn, as trading revenues tumbled.

美国大型银行公布了今年前三个月的收益。摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)实现净利润92亿美元，创该行历史新高。消费信贷的强劲表现推动美国银行(Bank of America)实现73亿美元的净利润。花旗集团47亿美元的利润受到投资银行业务的提振。而富国银行(Wells Fargo)试图将一系列丑闻抛诸身后，由于一次性收益，其收入较去年同期增长16%，至59亿美元。高盛(Goldman Sachs)利润下降五分之一，至22亿美元，原因是交易收入大幅下降。

1 chevron   

n.V形臂章；V形图案

参考例句：

• He wore shoulderstrap rank slides with sergeant's chevrons.他佩戴标示级别的肩章，上面有中士的V形标志。
• The chevron or arrow road sign indicates a sharp bend to the left or right.V形或箭头路标表示有向左或向右的急转弯。

2 shale   

n.页岩，泥板岩

参考例句：

• We can extract oil from shale.我们可以从页岩中提取石油。
• Most of the rock in this mountain is shale.这座山上大部分的岩石都是页岩。

3 outfits   

n.全套装备( outfit的名词复数 )；一套服装；集体；组织v.装备，配置设备，供给服装( outfit的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• He jobbed out the contract to a number of small outfits. 他把承包工程分包给许多小单位。 来自辞典例句
• Some cyclists carry repair outfits because they may have a puncture. 有些骑自行车的人带修理工具，因为他们车胎可能小孔。 来自辞典例句

4 consolidate   

v.使加固，使加强；(把...)联为一体，合并

参考例句：

• The two banks will consolidate in July next year. 这两家银行明年7月将合并。
• The government hoped to consolidate ten states to form three new ones.政府希望把十个州合并成三个新的州。

5 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

6 royalties   

特许权使用费

参考例句：

• I lived on about £3,000 a year from the royalties on my book. 我靠着写书得来的每年约3，000英镑的版税生活。 来自辞典例句
• Payments shall generally be made in the form of royalties. 一般应采取提成方式支付。 来自经济法规部分

7 licensing   

v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• A large part of state regulation consists of occupational licensing. 大部分州的管理涉及行业的特许批准。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• That licensing procedures for projects would move faster. 这样的工程批准程序一定会加快。 来自辞典例句

8 revolved   

v.（使）旋转( revolve的过去式和过去分词 )；细想

参考例句：

• The fan revolved slowly. 电扇缓慢地转动着。
• The wheel revolved on its centre. 轮子绕中心转动。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

10 prospectus   

n.计划书；说明书；慕股书

参考例句：

• An order form was included with the prospectus.订单附在说明书上。
• The prospectus is the most important instrument of legal document.招股说明书是上市公司信息披露制度最重要法律文件。

11 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

12 indicted   

控告，起诉( indict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The senator was indicted for murder. 那位参议员被控犯谋杀罪。
• He was indicted by a grand jury on two counts of murder. 他被大陪审团以两项谋杀罪名起诉。

13 earnings   

n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得

参考例句：

• That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
• Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

14 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。