2019年经济学人 一周要闻 英国无法按时脱欧 美土关系恶化 加州野火肆虐

 

Saad Hariri, the prime minister of Lebanon, resigned amid demonstrations¹ over the struggling economy and poor governance. Some fear his resignation will benefit Hizbullah, the Shia militia-cum-political-party, whose thugs have tried to break up the protests.

黎巴嫩总理萨阿德·哈里里(Saad Hariri)因经济困境和治理不善引发的示威活动而辞职。一些人担心他的辞职会给真主党带来好处，这个什叶派民兵兼政党的暴徒曾试图驱散抗议活动。

Protests resumed in Iraq, where dozens of people were killed by the security forces and other armed groups. In the holy city of Karbala masked gunmen reportedly shot dead 18 people. The protesters are angry about corruption², a lack of jobs and poor services.

伊拉克的抗议活动重新开始，数十人被安全部队和其他武装组织杀害。据报道，蒙面枪手在圣城卡尔巴拉开枪打死18人。抗议者对腐败、缺乏就业机会和糟糕的服务感到愤怒。

Mozambique’s main opposition³ party asked the courts to annul⁴ the result of the recent presidential election, which the incumbent⁵, Filipe Nyusi, won with 73% of the vote. The election has rekindled⁶ enmity between the ruling and opposition parties, which signed a peace deal in August.

莫桑比克主要的反对党要求法院撤销最近总统选举的结果，现任总统菲利佩·纽西以73%的选票赢得了这次选举。选举重新引发了执政党和反对党之间的敌对状态，他们曾在8月签署了一项和平协议。

Boris Johnson, Britain’s prime minister, admitted that he could not “get Brexit done” by October 31st, and called a general election. The EU granted an extension until January 31st. Jeremy Corbyn, the far-left leader of the opposition Labour Party, reversed course and acquiesced⁷ to the election. The date was set for December 12th. Voters will not directly be asked whether they approve of Mr Johnson’s hard Brexit deal, which bears little resemblance to what they were promised in the Brexit referendum in 2016.

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊承认，他无法在10月31日前“完成脱欧”，并呼吁举行大选。欧盟同意将期限延长至1月31日。反对党工党(Labour Party)的极左领袖杰里米·科尔宾(Jeremy Corbyn)一改常态，默许了这次大选。日期定在12月12日。选民不会直接被问及是否支持约翰逊的“硬退欧”协议，该协议与他们在2016年英国退欧公投中得到的承诺几乎没有相似之处。

America’s House of Representatives voted to recognise the mass slaughter⁸ of Armenians by Turks during the first world war as genocide. The vote took place on Turkey’s national day. US-Turkish relations, already strained by Turkey’s invasion of northern Syria, grew more so.

美国众议院投票承认第一次世界大战期间土耳其人对亚美尼亚人的大屠杀为种族灭绝。投票是在土耳其国庆日进行的。因土耳其入侵叙利亚北部而紧张的美土关系进一步恶化。

Die Linke, a German far-left party that descends⁹ from the East German Communists, won a state election in Thuringia. The far-right Alternative for Germany came second. Collectively, centrist parties won less than half the vote.

来自东德共产党的德国极左党派Die Linke赢得了图林根州的选举。极右翼政党德国新选择党位居第二。中间派政党总共赢得了不到半数的选票。

In another upset, Italy’s Northern League led an anti-immigration populist coalition¹⁰ to victory in an election in Umbria, a hitherto solidly left-wing region, defeating an alliance led by the country’s ruling Democratic Party and Five Star Movement.

在另一场混乱选举中，意大利北方联盟领导一个反移民民粹主义联盟在翁布里亚的选举中大获全胜，一举击败由执政的民主党(Democratic Party)和五星运动(Five Star Movement)领导的联盟。翁布里亚是迄今为止立场坚定的左翼地区。

The burning Golden State

燃烧的黄金州

Millions of people in northern California were again left without power, as wildfires, whipped up by strong, hot winds, raged around the Bay Area and surrounding counties. The local utility, Pacific Gas & Electric, has imposed the blackouts because of worries that its power lines may spark the flames. The Los Angeles area also battled wildfires.

加州北部数百万人再次陷入停电，野火在强劲的热风推动下在海湾和周边县肆虐。当地公用事业公司太平洋燃气电力公司已经实施了停电措施，因为他们担心输电线可能会引发火灾。洛杉矶地区也在与野火作斗争。

A ban on most abortions¹¹ in Alabama was blocked by a federal judge, two weeks before it was due to come into force. That makes it likelier that the Supreme¹² Court will tackle the issue, which is what the ban’s proponents¹³ want.

在阿拉巴马州，一项禁止大多数堕胎的禁令被一名联邦法官否决，原本该禁令将于两周后生效。这使得最高法院更有可能解决这一问题，而这正是禁令的支持者想看到的场景。

John Kelly, Donald Trump’s former chief of staff, said he had advised him not to employ a “yes man” as his replacement¹⁴, as that would lead to the president’s impeachment¹⁵. Mr Trump’s press secretary said Mr Kelly had been “totally unequipped to handle the genius of our great president”.

特朗普的前幕僚长约翰·凯利(John Kelly)表示，他曾建议特朗普不要雇佣一个“万事附和”来接替他，因为那样会导致总统被弹劾。特朗普的新闻秘书表示，凯利“凯利完全没有能力应付我们伟大的总统”。

1 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

2 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

3 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

4 annul   

v.宣告…无效，取消，废止

参考例句：

• They have the power to alter or annul inappropriate decisions of their own standing committees.他们有权改变或者撤销本级人民代表大会常务委员会不适当的决定。
• The courts later found grounds to annul the results,after the king urged them to sort out the "mess".在国王敦促法庭收拾烂摊子后，法庭随后宣布废除选举结果。

5 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

6 rekindled   

v.使再燃( rekindle的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• As soon as they met again his dormant love for her was rekindled. 他们一见面，他对她的旧情如乾柴烈火般又重新燃起。 来自辞典例句
• Ive found rekindled my interest in re-reading the books. 我发觉这提起了我再次阅读这些书的兴趣。 来自互联网

7 acquiesced   

v.默认，默许( acquiesce的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Senior government figures must have acquiesced in the cover-up. 政府高级官员必然已经默许掩盖真相。
• After a lot of persuasion,he finally acquiesced. 经过多次劝说，他最终默许了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 slaughter   

n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀

参考例句：

• I couldn't stand to watch them slaughter the cattle.我不忍看他们宰牛。
• Wholesale slaughter was carried out in the name of progress.大规模的屠杀在维护进步的名义下进行。

9 descends   

v.下来( descend的第三人称单数 )；下去；下降；下斜

参考例句：

• This festival descends from a religious rite. 这个节日起源于宗教仪式。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The path descends steeply to the village. 小路陡直而下直到村子。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

11 abortions   

n.小产( abortion的名词复数 )；小产胎儿；（计划）等中止或夭折；败育

参考例句：

• The Venerable Master: By not having abortions, by not killing living beings. 上人：不堕胎、不杀生。 来自互联网
• Conclusion Chromosome abnormality is one of the causes of spontaneous abortions. 结论：染色体异常是导致反复自然流产的原因之一。 来自互联网

12 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

13 proponents   

n.（某事业、理论等的）支持者，拥护者( proponent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Reviewing courts were among the most active proponents of hybrid rulemaking procedures. 复审法院是最积极的混合型规则制定程序的建议者。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• Proponents of such opinions were arrested as 'traitors. ' 提倡这种主张的人马上作为“卖国贼”逮捕起来。 来自辞典例句

14 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

15 impeachment   

n.弹劾；控告；怀疑

参考例句：

• Impeachment is considered a drastic measure in the United States.在美国，弹劾被视为一种非常激烈的措施。
• The verdict resulting from his impeachment destroyed his political career.他遭弹劾后得到的判决毁了他的政治生涯。