2020年经济学人 梵蒂冈财政--一团糟(2)

Another controversy¹ relates to the Curia. Several Vatican officials, clerical and lay,

另一个争议和罗马教廷有关。该城邦国家的检察官

are being investigated by the city state's prosecutors² in connection with the purchase of a building in London

正在调查一些梵蒂冈职人员和非神职人员，他们与伦敦一幢大楼的购买有关，

that was partly financed using donations from the faithful. Prosecutors are reportedly considering bringing charges that could include extortion.

其部分资金来自信徒的捐赠。据报道，检察官们正考虑提出包括敲诈勒索在内的指控。

In October 2019 Vatican gendarmes³ raided the offices of the department that bought the property:

2019年10月，梵蒂冈宪兵突袭了购置该房产的部门办公室：

the Secretariat of State, the pre-eminent branch of the Vatican bureaucracy, which combines the roles of prime minister's office and foreign ministry⁴.

国务秘书处，梵蒂冈官僚机构中最重要的分支机构，兼有总理办公室和外交部的职能。

Most damagingly for the Vatican's international credibility,

对梵蒂冈的国际信誉最不利的是，

the Holy See's own regulatory authority was also raided in connection with the case and its director, Tommaso Di Ruzza, put under investigation⁵.

罗马教廷自身的监管机构也因此案遭到突击搜查，其负责人托马索·迪鲁扎也接受了调查。

Why remains⁶ unclear; no charges have since been brought against any of the suspects.

原因尚不清楚，此后没有对任何嫌疑人提出指控。

Now known as the Supervisory and Financial Information Authority,

现在被称为监督和金融信息管理局的

the Vatican's regulator combines the roles of banking⁷ watchdog and financial-intelligence unit (FIU).

梵蒂冈监管机构结合了银行监督和金融情报机构（FIU）的角色。

Documents and data seized by the police included confidential⁸ information that foreign FIUS had sent to the Vatican.

警察查获的文件和数据中包含境外FIU发给梵蒂冈的机密信息。

The Egmont Group, a network of most of the world's FIUS, promptly⁹ excluded the Vatican regulator from its information-sharing mechanism¹⁰

由世界上大多数外国投资委员会组成的艾格蒙联盟，立即将梵蒂冈机构排除在其信息共享机制之外

and only reinstated it after the authority had brokered¹¹ a deal with the prosecutors aimed at preventing similar episodes in future.

直到该机构与检方达成旨在防止类似事件发生的协议后才得以恢复。

The raid appeared to breach¹² an established norm: that FIUS should have the freedom

该突袭似乎违反了一项已确立的规范，即FIUS应该拥有决定

to decide which cases of suspected financial jiggery-pokery should go to court.

哪些涉嫌金融欺诈的案件应该移交至法庭的自由。

Whether coincidentally or not, on July 14th Germany's FIU in Cologne was searched on the orders of prosecutors

不论是不是巧合，7月14日，德国位于科隆的FIU在检察官的命令下接受了搜查，

who suspected its employees of having failed to refer for prosecution¹³ the suspected laundering¹⁴ of some 1.7m euro.

检察官怀疑其雇员在涉嫌洗钱170万欧元的案件中没有提交起诉。

Whether laws were broken in the complex transactions surrounding the London property deal is yet to be proven.

围绕伦敦房地产买卖的复杂交易是否违反了法律还有待证实。

But the affair highlights a key problem. The Curia has a sovereign-wealth fund, the Administration of the Patrimony¹⁵ of the Apostolic See,

但该事件凸显了一个关键的问题。罗马教廷拥有一个主权基金——梵蒂冈财产管理委员会，

through which the Vatican's investments might be expected to be channelled.

通过该委员会，梵蒂冈的投资可能将通过这些渠道进行。

Yet it is dotted with departments jealously guarding substantial pots of cash that are either undeclared or unquantified.

然而，它的各个部门都小心翼翼地守护着大量未申报或未量化的现金。

Cardinal¹⁶ George Pell, the first head of the Vatican's "finance ministry", the Secretariat for the Economy,

红衣主教乔治·佩尔是梵蒂冈“财政部”，即经济秘书处的首任负责人，

revealed in 2014 that he had found "hundreds of millions of euros…tucked away", in accounts off the Vatican's balance-sheet.

他在2014年透露，他在梵蒂冈资产负债表外的账目中发现了“藏匿起来的数亿欧元”。

The cardinal, who was later charged with sexual assault in his native Australia, tried, convicted and acquitted¹⁷ on appeal,

后来，这位红衣主教在他的祖国澳大利亚被控性侵，经过审判后被定罪，上诉后被无罪释放，

said that "it was impossible for anyone to know accurately¹⁸ what was going on overall".

他说，“任何人都不可能准确地知道总体上发生了什么”。

Moneyval's inspectors¹⁹ will need to work out how much, if at all, the situation has changed since then—an almighty²⁰ task.

Moneyval的检察员将需要计算出自那时以来情况发生了多大的变化（如果有的话），这是一项艰巨的任务。

1 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

2 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

3 gendarmes   

n.宪兵，警官( gendarme的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Of course, the line of prisoners was guarded at all times by armed gendarmes. 当然，这一切都是在荷枪实弹的卫兵监视下进行的。 来自百科语句
• The three men were gendarmes;the other was Jean Valjean. 那三个人是警察，另一个就是冉阿让。 来自互联网

4 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

5 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

6 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

7 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

8 confidential   

adj.秘（机）密的，表示信任的，担任机密工作的

参考例句：

• He refused to allow his secretary to handle confidential letters.他不让秘书处理机密文件。
• We have a confidential exchange of views.我们推心置腹地交换意见。

9 promptly   

adv.及时地，敏捷地

参考例句：

• He paid the money back promptly.他立即还了钱。
• She promptly seized the opportunity his absence gave her.她立即抓住了因他不在场给她创造的机会。

10 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

11 brokered   

adj.由权力经纪人安排（或控制）的v.做掮客（或中人等）( broker的过去式和过去分词 )；作为权力经纪人进行谈判；以中间人等身份安排…

参考例句：

• a peace plan brokered by the UN 由联合国出面协商的和平计划
• Your husband brokered the deal to go in, transfrer the assets and get our man out. 你丈夫后来插了一脚，把生意都抢了过去，我们的人也被挤了出来。 来自电影对白

12 breach   

n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破

参考例句：

• We won't have any breach of discipline.我们不允许任何破坏纪律的现象。
• He was sued for breach of contract.他因不履行合同而被起诉。

13 prosecution   

n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营

参考例句：

• The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
• He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。

14 laundering   

n.洗涤（衣等），洗烫（衣等）；洗（钱）v.洗（衣服等），洗烫（衣服等）( launder的现在分词 )；洗（黑钱）（把非法收入改头换面，变为貌似合法的收入）

参考例句：

• Separate the white clothes from the dark clothes before laundering. 洗衣前应当把浅色衣服和深色衣服分开。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He was charged with laundering money. 他被指控洗钱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 patrimony   

n.世袭财产，继承物

参考例句：

• I left my parents' house,relinquished my estate and my patrimony.我离开了父母的家，放弃了我的房产和祖传财产。
• His grandfather left the patrimony to him.他的祖父把祖传的财物留给了他。

16 cardinal   

n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的

参考例句：

• This is a matter of cardinal significance.这是非常重要的事。
• The Cardinal coloured with vexation. 红衣主教感到恼火，脸涨得通红。

17 acquitted   

宣判…无罪( acquit的过去式和过去分词 )； 使（自己）作出某种表现

参考例句：

• The jury acquitted him of murder. 陪审团裁决他谋杀罪不成立。
• Five months ago she was acquitted on a shoplifting charge. 五个月前她被宣判未犯入店行窃罪。

18 accurately   

adv.准确地，精确地

参考例句：

• It is hard to hit the ball accurately.准确地击中球很难。
• Now scientists can forecast the weather accurately.现在科学家们能准确地预报天气。

19 inspectors   

n.检查员( inspector的名词复数 )；（英国公共汽车或火车上的）查票员；（警察）巡官；检阅官

参考例句：

• They got into the school in the guise of inspectors. 他们假装成视察员进了学校。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Inspectors checked that there was adequate ventilation. 检查员已检查过，通风良好。 来自《简明英汉词典》

20 almighty   

adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的

参考例句：

• Those rebels did not really challenge Gods almighty power.这些叛徒没有对上帝的全能力量表示怀疑。
• It's almighty cold outside.外面冷得要命。