2021年经济学人 苏丹遭遇了两年内的第二次政变

The world this week -- Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

Sudan suffered its second coup¹ in two years.

苏丹遭遇了两年内的第二次政变。

Abdel-Fattah al-Burhan, a former general and the country’s de facto president, seized control just months before he was supposed to step down.

阿卜杜勒-法塔赫·布尔汉是一位前将军，也是该国事实上的总统，他在本应下台的几个月前夺取了控制权。

He also had the civilian² prime minister arrested.

他还逮捕了文官总理。

Mr Burhan said he had acted to prevent a civil war.

布尔汉称，他采取行动是为了防止内战。

Thousands of protesters said no, it was a blatant³ power grab.

成千上万的抗议者反对说，这是明目张胆的夺权。

Soldiers opened fire on them.

士兵们向抗议者开火。

At least seven people were killed and 140 wounded.

至少有7人死亡，140人受伤。

Donors⁴ such as America suspended aid, but Mr Burhan hopes for backing from undemocratic foreign powers.

美国等援助国暂停了援助，但布尔汉希望得到非民主的外国势力的支持。

President Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi of Egypt lifted a four-year state of emergency.

埃及总统阿卜杜勒-法塔赫·塞西解除了为期四年的紧急状态。

In theory, it will now be less easy for his government to quash protests, arrest dissidents without warrants and limit various freedoms.

从理论上讲，他的政府现在想要镇压抗议活动、在没有逮捕令的情况下逮捕异见人士以及限制各种自由将变得不那么容易。

Critics wondered how much less easy it will really be.

批评人士想知道，这到底会变得多不容易。

America has threatened to withhold⁵ aid from Egypt unless it improves its human-rights record.

美国威胁称，除非埃及改善其人权不良记录，否则将停止对埃及的援助。

Israel moved ahead with a proposal to build 3,000 new homes for Jewish settlers in the occupied West Bank.

以色列推进了一项提案，提案内容是在占领的约旦河西岸为犹太定居者建造3000套新住房。

The Biden administration has condemned⁶ the plan.

拜登政府谴责了这一计划。

It may also increase tension in Israel’s governing coalition⁷, which includes doveish parties that oppose settlements.

这也可能加剧以色列执政联盟的紧张局势，该联盟包括反对建定居点的鸽派政党。

Israel held its biennial⁸ Blue Flag military exercise over the Negev desert.

以色列在内盖夫沙漠上空举行了两年一次的蓝旗军事演习。

Aircraft from America, Britain, France, India and other countries joined the drill.

来自美国、英国、法国、印度和其他国家的飞机参加了这次演习。

The head of the United Arab Emirates’ air force also watched.

阿联酋空军司令也在一旁观看。

The exercise pitted Israel and its allies against the fictional⁹ “Dragonland”, which has military capabilities¹⁰ remarkably¹¹ similar to Iran’s.

这次演习中，以色列及其盟友对战虚构的“龙岛”，后者的军事能力与伊朗惊人地相似。

A cyber-attack in Iran disrupted the sale of subsidised fuel, resulting in long queues at petrol stations.

伊朗发生的一起网络攻击中断了补贴燃料的销售，导致加油站前排起了长队。

A group calling itself “Predatory Sparrow” claimed responsibility, but the authorities blamed an unnamed “state actor”.

一个自称“掠食性麻雀”的组织声称对此负责，但当局将责任归咎于一个未具名的“国家”。

The hackers¹² also took control of digital billboards¹³, making them ask: “Khamenei, where is our fuel?”

黑客还控制了数字广告牌，上面问道：“哈梅内伊，我们的燃料在哪里？”

Ayatollah Ali Khamenei is Iran’s supreme¹⁴ leader.

阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊是伊朗的最高领导人。

The UN said that more than half of Afghans would go hungry this winter without help, and that the proportion who subsist¹⁵ on less than $1.90 a day would rise from roughly half before the Taliban seized power in August to a shocking 97% by mid-2022.

联合国表示，如果没有援助，超过一半的阿富汗人将在这个冬天挨饿，每天生活费低于1.9美元的人的比例将从8月塔利班夺取政权前的大约一半上升到2022年年中令人震惊的97%。

It said Afghanistan was about to become the world’s worst humanitarian¹⁶ crisis.

联合国称，阿富汗即将发生世界上最严重的人道主义危机。

Residents of Kabul are selling possessions in the streets to buy food.

喀布尔的居民在街上变卖家当来购买食物。

1 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

2 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

3 blatant   

adj.厚颜无耻的；显眼的；炫耀的

参考例句：

• I cannot believe that so blatant a comedy can hoodwink anybody.我无法相信这么显眼的一出喜剧能够欺骗谁。
• His treatment of his secretary was a blatant example of managerial arrogance.他管理的傲慢作风在他对待秘书的态度上表露无遗。

4 donors   

n.捐赠者( donor的名词复数 )；献血者；捐血者；器官捐献者

参考例句：

• Please email us to be removed from our active list of blood donors. 假如你想把自己的名字从献血联系人名单中删去，请给我们发电子邮件。
• About half this amount comes from individual donors and bequests. 这笔钱大约有一半来自个人捐赠及遗赠。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 withhold   

v.拒绝，不给；使停止，阻挡

参考例句：

• It was unscrupulous of their lawyer to withhold evidence.他们的律师隐瞒证据是不道德的。
• I couldn't withhold giving some loose to my indignation.我忍不住要发泄一点我的愤怒。

6 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

7 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

8 biennial   

adj.两年一次的

参考例句：

• The workers were strongly against the biennial election.工人们强烈反对两年一次的选举。
• His is a biennial,and one of the most useful pasture plants we have.这是两年生植物，也是我们最有用的牧草之一。

9 fictional   

adj.小说的，虚构的

参考例句：

• The names of the shops are entirely fictional.那些商店的名字完全是虚构的。
• The two authors represent the opposite poles of fictional genius.这两位作者代表了天才小说家两个极端。

10 capabilities   

n.能力( capability的名词复数 )；可能；容量；[复数]潜在能力

参考例句：

• He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大，自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
• Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为，标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

11 remarkably   

ad.不同寻常地，相当地

参考例句：

• I thought she was remarkably restrained in the circumstances. 我认为她在那种情况下非常克制。
• He made a remarkably swift recovery. 他康复得相当快。

12 hackers   

n.计算机迷( hacker的名词复数 )；私自存取或篡改电脑资料者，电脑“黑客”

参考例句：

• They think of viruses that infect an organization from the outside.They envision hackers breaking into their information vaults. 他们考虑来自外部的感染公司的病毒，他们设想黑客侵入到信息宝库中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Arranging a meeting with the hackers took weeks againoff-again email exchanges. 通过几星期电子邮件往来安排见面，他们最终同意了。 来自互联网

13 billboards   

n.广告牌( billboard的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Large billboards have disfigured the scenery. 大型告示板已破坏了景色。 来自辞典例句
• Then, put the logo in magazines and on billboards without telling anyone what it means. 接着我们把这个商标刊在杂志和广告看板上，却不跟任何人透漏它的涵意。 来自常春藤生活英语杂志-2006年4月号

14 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

15 subsist   

vi.生存，存在，供养

参考例句：

• We are unable to subsist without air and water.没有空气和水我们就活不下去。
• He could subsist on bark and grass roots in the isolated island.在荒岛上他只能靠树皮和草根维持生命。

16 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。