美国国家公共电台 NPR--Marine Corps, despite a mandate, resists fully opening boot camp to women

Marine¹ Corps², despite a mandate³, resists fully⁴ opening boot camp to women

Transcript⁵

The corps is under a congressional mandate to integrate boot camp in line with the other services. Critics say it isn't moving fast enough. (Story aired on All Things Considered on Jan. 2, 2023.)

NATIONAL SECURITY

The Marines are supposed to fully open boot camp to women but continue to resist

STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:

The U.S. Marines are under a congressional mandate to end gender⁶ segregation⁷ in boot camp. That would bring the service in line with all the other branches of the military. But the Marines say they do not plan to go all the way. Steve Walsh in San Diego has details.

UNIDENTIFIED PERSON: You're clogging⁸ it up.

STEVE WALSH, BYLINE⁹: Recruits slide on their backs under barbed wire in the dirt at Parris Island, S.C. Boot camp is 13 weeks of pain and suffering. Sidra Montgomery with the University of Pittsburgh said her team witnessed some of the reasons why the Marines have been reluctant to fully integrate women into this process.

SIDRA MONTGOMERY: So there's just no privacy in that area. And drill instructors¹⁰ are allowed to go in and out of the head area as they please. In other services, drill instructors are not allowed to go in the head area because that is seen as a space that is used for changing and personal hygiene¹¹ for recruits.

WALSH: Montgomery helped oversee¹² a study ordered by the Marines to look at how to end gender segregation. The rest of the services have been training men and women together since the 1990s. While those services have strict rules that limit changing to bathrooms and shower areas, the study details how the Marines demand recruits strip repeatedly in their squad¹³ bay. Drill instructors stand in the shower, barking out the correct way to wash.

MONTGOMERY: You do what I say you do when I say you do it, how I say you do it, right? That is the quintessential approach of Marine Corps recruit training.

WALSH: The need for additional privacy not only keeps male and female recruits separate, but also limits the opportunities for female drill instructors since drill instructors also sleep in the squad bay. The 700-page report found that in the absence of women, vulgar and sexist comments were being made in front of the male recruits.

MONTGOMERY: To objectify women, to describe acts with women's bodily parts, to condone¹⁴ tacit violence against women.

WALSH: These images were even written into company training documents found at San Diego, which only began training women after a congressional mandate.

MONTGOMERY: Male recruits that we spoke¹⁵ with in the focus groups - they had a recognition that this language was wrong to use around women. They didn't connect to the fact that it's wrong, period.

WALSH: Critics say training men and women separately fosters attitudes that linger well beyond boot camp. Lory Manning is with the Service Women's Action Network, which filed the lawsuit¹⁶ to fully open boot camp.

LORY MANNING: They're afraid that if they introduce women into some of these units, it will wreck¹⁷ the male bond, whereas the other services have found out that the women blend right in, and they have a band of brothers and sisters.

WALSH: The Marines have the lowest percentage of women of any service, Manning says.

MANNING: I think - even though they won't come out in public and say it, I think they really don't want to go much above 9 to 10% of women in the Marine Corps. And this is the best way to make sure that happens without having to say it.

WALSH: Congresswoman Jackie Speier placed language in the defense¹⁸ bill that requires the Marines to end gender segregation by 2025 at Parris Island, in 2028 in San Diego. The Marines say the law is ambiguous.

JACKIE SPEIER: They are foot-dragging and, you know, violating, frankly¹⁹, a provision I put in the fiscal²⁰ year 2020 National Defense Authorization²¹ Act that prohibits gender-separated training at any level.

WALSH: So far, the Marines have committed to opening up more elements of boot camp where men and women train side-by-side while still keeping them in separate platoons. Speier, now on the cusp of retirement²², says it's not enough.

SPEIER: Frankly, there just isn't a rational, a logical or a moral reason for them to continue to fight gender integration²³. It's going to happen. You know, maybe only after some heads roll, but it is going to happen.

WALSH: For NPR News, I'm Steve Walsh in San Diego.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

1 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

2 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

3 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

4 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

5 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

6 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

7 segregation   

n.隔离，种族隔离

参考例句：

• Many school boards found segregation a hot potato in the early 1960s.在60年代初，许多学校部门都觉得按水平分班是一个棘手的问题。
• They were tired to death of segregation and of being kicked around.他们十分厌恶种族隔离和总是被人踢来踢去。

8 clogging   

堵塞，闭合

参考例句：

• This process suffers mainly from clogging the membrane. 这种过程的主要问题是滤膜的堵塞。
• And you know that eyewitness that's been clogging up the airwaves? 你知道那个充斥着电视广播的目击证人？

9 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

10 instructors   

指导者，教师( instructor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The instructors were slacking on the job. 教员们对工作松松垮垮。
• He was invited to sit on the rostrum as a representative of extramural instructors. 他以校外辅导员身份，被邀请到主席台上。

11 hygiene   

n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic）

参考例句：

• Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
• He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。

12 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

13 squad   

n.班，小队，小团体；vt.把…编成班或小组

参考例句：

• The squad leader ordered the men to mark time.班长命令战士们原地踏步。
• A squad is the smallest unit in an army.班是军队的最小构成单位。

14 condone   

v.宽恕；原谅

参考例句：

• I cannot condone the use of violence.我不能宽恕使用暴力的行为。
• I will not condone a course of action that will lead us to war.我绝不允许任何导致战争的行为。

15 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

16 lawsuit   

n.诉讼，控诉

参考例句：

• They threatened him with a lawsuit.他们以诉讼威逼他。
• He was perpetually involving himself in this long lawsuit.他使自己无休止地卷入这场长时间的诉讼。

17 wreck   

n.失事，遇难；沉船；vt.(船等)失事，遇难

参考例句：

• Weather may have been a factor in the wreck.天气可能是造成这次失事的原因之一。
• No one can wreck the friendship between us.没有人能够破坏我们之间的友谊。

18 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

19 frankly   

adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说

参考例句：

• To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
• Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。

20 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

21 authorization   

n.授权，委任状

参考例句：

• Anglers are required to obtain prior authorization from the park keeper.垂钓者必须事先得到公园管理者的许可。
• You cannot take a day off without authorization.未经批准你不得休假。

22 retirement   

n.退休，退职

参考例句：

• She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
• I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。

23 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。