TED演讲：内向性格的力量(4)

 　　But now here's where the bias¹ comes in. 但是现在偏见出现了。

　　Our most important institutions, our schools and our workplaces, 我们最重要的机构，学校及职场，

　　they are designed mostly for extroverts³ and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation⁴. 却像是为外向者设计的，并且有适合他们需要的刺激。

　　And also we have this belief system right now that I call the new groupthink, 当然我们现在也有这样一种信用机制，我称它为新型的“团队思考”，

　　which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious⁵ place. 这是一种包含所有创造力和生产力的思考方式，从一个社交非常零散的地方产生的。

　　So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays: When I was going to school, we sat in rows. 当你描绘今天典型教室的图案时：当我还上学的时候，我们一排排地坐着。

　　We sat in rows of desks like this, and we did most of our work pretty autonomously⁶. 我们靠着桌子，一排排坐着，就像这样，并且我们大多数工作都是自觉完成的。

　　But nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks -- four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other. 但是在现代社会，所谓典型的教室是些圈起来并排的桌子--四个或是五个或是六、七个孩子坐在一起，面对面。

　　And kids are working in countless⁷ group assignments. 孩子们要完成无数个小组任务。

　　Even in subjects like math and creative writing, 甚至像数学和创意写作这些课程，

　　which you think would depend on solo flights of thought, kids are now expected to act as committee members. 这些你们认为需要依靠个人闪光想法的课程，孩子们现在却被期待成为小组会的成员。

　　And for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone, those kids are seen as outliers often or, worse, as problem cases. 对于那些喜欢独处，或者自己一个人独立完成作业的孩子来说，他们常常被视为局外人或者更糟，被视为问题孩子。

　　And the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert² as opposed to an introvert⁸, 几乎所有老师都认为，好的学生应该是外向活泼的，内向的孩子则正好相反。

　　even though introverts⁹ actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable¹⁰, according to research. 即使内向的孩子成绩较好，甚至更博学多闻。这是根据研究得出的。

1 bias   

n.偏见，偏心，偏袒；vt.使有偏见

参考例句：

• They are accusing the teacher of political bias in his marking.他们在指控那名教师打分数有政治偏见。
• He had a bias toward the plan.他对这项计划有偏见。

2 extrovert   

n.性格外向的人

参考例句：

• A good salesman is usually an extrovert,who likes to mingle with people.一个好的推销员通常很外向，喜欢和人们交往。
• Do you think you're an extrovert or introvert?你认为你是个性外向的人还是个性内向的人？

3 extroverts   

性格外向的人( extrovert的名词复数 )； 活跃、愉快、爱交际的人

参考例句：

• In the second half, the students were criticized. Extroverts were unfazed. 在后半部分，举不动时学生要受批评，外向性格的学生表现出不满。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 大脑与疾病
• Extroverts prefer lively conversation to brooding on the meaning of life. 性格外向的人喜欢高谈阔论，而不愿思索人生的意义。

4 stimulation   

n.刺激，激励，鼓舞

参考例句：

• The playgroup provides plenty of stimulation for the children.幼儿游戏组给孩子很多启发。
• You don't get any intellectual stimulation in this job.你不能从这份工作中获得任何智力启发。

5 gregarious   

adj.群居的，喜好群居的

参考例句：

• These animals are highly gregarious.这些动物非常喜欢群居。
• They are gregarious birds and feed in flocks.它们是群居鸟类，会集群觅食。

6 autonomously   

adv. 自律地，自治地

参考例句：

• To learn autonomously in the network environment is totally new to students. 基于网络环境下的自主学习对学生来说，是一种全新的学习方式。
• The QC-RS can operate autonomously or by remote control. QC-RS能实现自动操作或通过遥控来操作。

7 countless   

adj.无数的，多得不计其数的

参考例句：

• In the war countless innocent people lost their lives.在这场战争中无数无辜的人丧失了性命。
• I've told you countless times.我已经告诉你无数遍了。

8 introvert   

n.性格内向的人

参考例句：

• You are very much an introvert.你是一位地道的内向性格者。
• The same conversation that energizes the extravert also drains the introvert.同样的交谈能让外向者荣光焕发，却让内向者精神颓靡。

9 introverts   

性格内向的人( introvert的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Extroverts tend to lack self-discipline while introverts lack courage. 性格外向的人缺乏自我约束力，而性格内向的人则缺乏勇气。
• I an introvert and introverts get drawn in. 我是个内向的人而且内向是天生的。

10 knowledgeable   

adj.知识渊博的；有见识的

参考例句：

• He's quite knowledgeable about the theatre.他对戏剧很有心得。
• He made some knowledgeable remarks at the meeting.他在会上的发言颇有见地。