奥运28大项第14课 Basketball 篮球 04

北京奥运28大项
"参与"，"竞争"，"分享"，"进步"
Basketball  篮球
FOULS²  犯规
英文原文
A foul¹ is an illegal action that can commit a player
from one team to a player from the adverse³ team.
Basketball is generally said a non-contact game.
If, in particular occasion this is not respected, a foul is committed.
There are two types of fouls.
The first ones are called defensive⁴ fouls.
They occur when the offensive player is being fouled⁵ by the defender⁶.
Defenders⁷ should not block, push, trip,
strike or hold the player in possession of the ball.
The second ones are the offensive fouls.
For example a player in offense⁸ commits an offensive foul
when charging into a stationary⁹ defender.
讲解
逐句对照
A foul is an illegal action that can commit a player
from one team to a player from the adverse team.
foul  犯规
Ginobili was fouled by rookie Daniel Gibson.
foul out  犯下
Basketball is generally said a non-contact game.
a non-contact game  不发生身体接触的运动，互不接触的运动
If, in particular occasion this is not respected, a foul is committed.
respect  尊重，遵守，不违反，不侵犯
this is not respected
There are two types of fouls.
The first ones are called defensive fouls.
defensive  防守的
defensive fouls  防守犯规
offensive fouls  进攻犯规
They occur when the offensive player is being fouled by the defender.
Defenders should not block, push, trip,
strike or hold the player in possession of the ball.
block  阻塞 / 进攻犯规
blocking foul
block
block a shot  封盖（对方）的投篮 / 盖帽
Yao Ming blocked O'Neal's first three shots.
The second ones are the offensive fouls.
For example a player in offense commits an offensive foul
when charging into a stationary defender.
原文重听
A foul is an illegal action that can commit a player
from one team to a player from the adverse team.
Basketball is generally said a non-contact game.
If, in particular occasion this is not respected, a foul is committed.
There are two types of fouls.
The first ones are called defensive fouls.
They occur when the offensive player is being fouled by the defender.
Defenders should not block, push, trip,
strike or hold the player in possession of the ball.
The second ones are the offensive fouls.
For example a player in offense commits an offensive foul
when charging into a stationary defender.

1 foul   

adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规

参考例句：

• Take off those foul clothes and let me wash them.脱下那些脏衣服让我洗一洗。
• What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气！

2 fouls   

n.煤层尖灭；恶劣的( foul的名词复数 )；邪恶的；难闻的；下流的v.使污秽( foul的第三人称单数 )；弄脏；击球出界；（通常用废物）弄脏

参考例句：

• The player was sent off the field because of fouls. 这名运动员因屡屡犯规而被罚下场。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Jones was ordered off in the second half after repeated fouls. 由于屡次犯规，琼斯在下半场中被责令退出比赛。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 adverse   

adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的

参考例句：

• He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
• The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。

4 defensive   

adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的

参考例句：

• Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。
• The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。

5 fouled   

v.使污秽( foul的过去式和过去分词 )；弄脏；击球出界；（通常用废物）弄脏

参考例句：

• Blue suit and reddish-brown socks!He had fouled up again. 蓝衣服和红褐色短袜！他又搞错了。
• The whole river has been fouled up with filthy waste from factories. 整条河都被工厂的污秽废物污染了。

6 defender   

n.保卫者，拥护者，辩护人

参考例句：

• He shouldered off a defender and shot at goal.他用肩膀挡开防守队员，然后射门。
• The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。

7 defenders   

n.防御者( defender的名词复数 )；守卫者；保护者；辩护者

参考例句：

• The defenders were outnumbered and had to give in. 抵抗者寡不敌众，只能投降。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• After hard fighting,the defenders were still masters of the city. 守军经过奋战仍然控制着城市。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 offense   

n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪

参考例句：

• I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
• His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。

9 stationary   

adj.固定的，静止不动的

参考例句：

• A stationary object is easy to be aimed at.一个静止不动的物体是容易瞄准的。
• Wait until the bus is stationary before you get off.你要等公共汽车停稳了再下车。