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全国公共英语等级考试五级 a2

时间:2006-01-03 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:86920335   字体: [ ]
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  [00:00.00]Questions 14--16 are based on a report on the world changing climate.
[00:07.39]You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14--16
[00:14.05]Let me begin this commentary on the world's changing climate
[00:19.49]by saying that climatology,the study of long-range trends in weather
[00:27.04]is at best an inexact science.
[00:32.10]It is based on hypotheses.
[00:36.15]Currently,a major argument among climatologists
[00:41.80]concerns the long-range weather outlook for the earth.
[00:47.05]The question that occupies them so much is this:
[00:52.40]Is the earth cooling off,or is it in fact heating up?
[00:58.75]Is the earth going through a cooling trend or a warming trend?
[01:04.39]A cooling trend could bring mass starvation and fuel shortage.
[01:11.34]But on the other hand,
[01:14.40]a warming trend could melt the polar ice caps
[01:19.86]and cause flooding of the coastal1 cities of the world.
[01:25.00]In either case,
[01:28.24]the consequences for man might be alarming,
[01:33.00]and possibly disastrous2.
[01:37.46]Let me just point out that rains and floods of record proportions
[01:43.42]have recently struck some geographic3 areas around the world
[01:49.06]while droughts have devastated4 other areas.
[01:54.21]Climatologists,in general,
[01:58.15]are truly puzzled by the change taking place today.
[02:03.40]As I already said,
[02:06.75]some parts of the world are cooling off
[02:11.19]while others are growing warmer
[02:15.65]Climatologists hope to discover why this is so
[02:21.09]and perhaps to predict what will come next.
[02:26.34]A number of climatologists believe the earth is,in fact,
[02:32.37]undergoing a cooling trend,
[02:36.34]and is returning to the conditions of the "Little Ice Age."
[02:41.99]This "Little Ice Age"
[02:45.64]could best be described as the cold,damp weather
[02:51.00]that was the characteristic of the period
[02:55.44]from approximately the 14th century to the mid-19th century.
[03:02.00]Climatologists generally agree
[03:06.15]that whatever the long-term trend in the earth's climate is,
[03:11.79]we are witnessing a period of increasing climatological change,
[03:18.24]a period that is making seasonal5 weather predictions
[03:23.31]and agricultural planning more and more difficult,
[03:28.56]if not altogether impossible.
[03:33.21]You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 14--16.
[03:40.87]Question 14-16 according to Part B (2).
[03:42.90]14.What would a cooling trend in weather bring to the world?
[03:44.91](A)Floods along the sea coasts  (B)A shortage of food and fuel
[03:47.06](C)Unpredictable weather conditions.
[03:49.12](D)Disappointment to some climatologists.
[03:51.16]15.What can be learned about the hypotheses of climatologists?
[03:53.20](A)They are often quite accurate.
[03:55.26](B)They are not reliable   (C)They are short-sighted.
[03:57.30](D)They generally fall into two categories.
[03:59.36]16.What was characteristic of the "Little Ice Age"?
[04:01.40](A)Cold and damp climate  (B)Change in geographic conditions
[04:03.46](C)World-Wide drought   (D)Reduction of water resources
[04:05.50]Questions 17--20
[04:09.36]are based on an introductory talk about manufacturing.
[04:15.22]You have 20 seconds to read Questions 17--20.
[04:21.77]Manufacturing includes all occupations
[04:26.71]that are involved in making products by hand or by machine.
[04:32.48]These products range from simple plastic or wooden objects,
[04:38.13]such as clothespins or toothpicks,
[04:42.17]to highly complicated electronic computers
[04:46.93]Manufactured goods also vary in size,
[04:51.58]from microscopic6 electronic parts
[04:55.73]to giant aircraft carriers and supertankers.
[05:00.88]About two-thirds of the workers in manufacturing actually make products.
[05:07.15]These employees include craftworkers,
[05:11.48]skilled and semiskilled workers,and unskilled laborers8.
[05:17.44]Craftworkers are highly skilled in such trades as tool designing,
[05:23.60]tool and die making,and tailoring.
[05:27.65]Many craftworkers supervise other employees.
[05:32.70]Skilled workers,who include engravers,machinists,printers,and welders9,
[05:39.96]use special job skills to make items or to operate machinery10.
[05:45.91]Semiskilled workersb include machine operators
[05:50.75]and assistants to skilled workers.
[05:54.98]Many semiskilled occupations
[05:58.95]require workers to repeat the same task again and again.
[06:04.80]Unskilled laborers perform jobs that require no special skills,
[06:10.65]such as sorting,packing,or moving materials.
[06:15.98]Most employees in manufacturing work in factories or shops.
[06:22.12]Common working conditions include high levels of dust,heat,or noise.
[06:28.68]Some factory jobs require great strength
[06:33.12]or standing11 for long periods.
[06:36.88]Many scientists,engineers,and technicians also work in manufacturing.
[06:43.83]Scientists perform laboratory tests
[06:48.08]and other research to develop new products and improve old ones.
[06:54.33]Engineers design and test airplanes,
[06:58.80]automobiles,household appliances,machine parts,
[07:05.14]and countless12 other products.
[07:08.98]They also design production equipment
[07:13.24]and improved manufacturing techniques.
[07:17.79]Some technicians assist scientists and engineers.
[07:23.04]Others plan or supervise production activities,
[07:27.87]such as packing or storing products.
[07:32.41]The manufacturing cluster also includes management workers.
[07:38.76]They develop and enforce company policies,
[07:43.41]plan and direct production activities,
[07:47.57]purchase equipment and materials,
[07:51.41]or work in labor7 relations or public relations.
[07:56.66]You now have 40 seconds to check your answers to Questions 17--20.
[08:03.92]Question 17-20 according to Part B (3).
[08:05.96]17.What role do most people in the manufacturing trades play?
[08:07.99](A)Designers  (B)Supervisors  (C)Assistants  (D)Employees
[08:10.06]18.Which of the following best characterizes the job of a semiskilled worker'
[08:12.09](A)Repetitive  (B)Consistent  (C)Exceptional  (D)Complicated
[08:14.16]19.How are the working conditions for most manufacturing jobs?
[08:16.30](A)Disgraceful  (B)Forceful  (C)Harsh  (D)Monotonous
[08:18.36]20.Who are responsible for planning and directing the manufacturing process?
[08:20.40](A)Scientists and engineers    (B)Management workers
[08:22.47](C)Technicians   (D)Public relation workers
[08:24.50]That is the end of Part B.
[08:28.21]Part C
[08:31.03]You will hear a talk given by one of the compilers of a book.
[08:36.49]As you listen,you must answer Questions 21--30.
[08:42.45]by writing NO MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right.
[08:48.80]You will hear the talk TWICE.
[08:52.45]You now have 60 seconds to read Questions 21--30.
[08:59.40]This book is an attempt to introduce the reader to the United States.
[09:05.54]It intends to give a concise13 but fairly well rounded overview14
[09:11.89]of present day American society;
[09:16.12]not only a picture of surface phenomena15,
[09:20.85]but insights into American culture
[09:25.50]and insights about the American people.
[09:30.15]Various aspects of American life
[09:34.38]are presented through articles written mainly by Americans themselves,
[09:41.25]or by westerners familiar with the United States.
[09:46.89]Most were written by scholars or specialists on the topic of the field.
[09:54.34]A number of articles were written by sociologists.
[09:59.69]This gives a perspective that goes beyond the common articles
[10:05.75]written for the average tourist,
[10:09.70]for the person with passing curiosity,
[10:14.35]or for the ordinary man-in-the-street
[10:18.71]A number of articles were also selected with the idea
[10:24.17]of presenting different sometimes conflicting,points of view
[10:30.20]about the same topic.
[10:33.76]This,it is hoped,
[10:36.92]will help the reader to gain better understanding
[10:41.78]and to help him draw his own conclusions.
[10:46.53]It should be stressed that the viewpoints of the various authors
[10:52.07]are not necessarily those of the compilers of this book.
[10:57.14]We may agree with all of some articles,
[11:01.79]only partially16 with others,
[11:05.44]and possibly disagree considerably17 with a few of the selections.
[11:11.69]To allow the reader to use his own judgement,
[11:16.44]we have generally kept the articles in their original form.
[11:21.90]If changes were made they were to make the language easier
[11:27.33]or to make the articles more manageable for the reader
[11:32.69]Most of the articles in this book
[11:36.95]were selected on the basis of the following criteria18:
[11:41.81]1.Their suitability for giving accurate information
[11:47.84]about a topic or some aspect of the topic.
[11:52.78]These articles should help present a well-rounded picture of the whole
[11:58.63]In this respect,
[12:01.48]we have sometimes given preference to an earlier article
[12:06.83]rather than a later one
[12:10.49]if the former gives a more insightful
[12:15.14]or more comprehensive treatment of the subject.
[12:20.00]2.Their appeal to the ordinary reader
[12:25.35]These articles should be authoritative19 and reliable,
[12:30.29]yet not too elementary.
[12:34.34]The contents should be of interest to most readers.
[12:38.99]3.Their linguistic20 quality and degree of difficulty.
[12:45.34]The level for which these articles are intended
[12:50.17]is college students of English,
[12:54.40]other college students with a fairly good command of English
[13:00.25]and the general reader interested in the U.S.
[13:05.50]and with fairly good comprehension of the language.
[13:10.44]4.Their general relevance21 to Chinese readers or Chinese society.
[13:18.38]These article should have some general significance to China,
[13:25.72]either present or future,and not be totally irrelevant22.
[13:32.28]Obviously no one book can give a completely comprehensive picture or description
[13:40.01]of such a vast and complex nation.
[13:45.16]Many readers may disagree with our choice of topics;
[13:50.69]most likely a number will say we have left out important ones.
[13:56.65]Many may feel we did not use our best judgement in selecting the articles.
[14:03.70]We must admit that we did not always agree among ourselves.
[14:09.87]We were further restricted by the limited amount of materials to choose from.
[14:16.82]Needless to say,
[14:20.16]we welcome suggestions and criticisms from our readers.
[14:26.61]And in spite of all its shortcomings,
[14:30.97]if the book has helped the reader
[14:34.92]to gain some insight and understanding about the United States and its people
[14:42.57]and has stimulated23 the reader to go further and to study more,
[14:48.82]then in a modest way
[14:52.68]this book will have accomplished24 much of what it was intended to do.
[14:59.24]Now you are going to hear the talk a second time.
[15:04.39]You now have 100 seconds to check your answers to Questions 21--30.
[15:12.93]Question 21-30 according to Part C.
[15:14.99]21.What kind of overview does the book intend to give about American society?
[15:17.03]22.Who wrote most of the articles in the book?
[15:19.07]23.What is said about the points of views of some articles on the same topic?
[15:21.13]24.In what form do most articles appear in this book?
[15:23.17]25.What is the criteria for choosing
[15:25.23]an earlier article rather than a later one?
[15:27.27]26.What type of students is the book mainly compiled for?
[15:29.33]27.What English language level are the readers of this book expected to have?
[15:31.37]28.What does the speaker say they would welcome from the readers?
[15:33.43]29.What do the compilers hope that the readers would do after reading the book?
[15:35.50]30.In general,what aspects of America are introduced into this book?
[15:37.53]That is the end of Part C.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 coastal WWiyh     
adj.海岸的,沿海的,沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
  • This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。
2 disastrous 2ujx0     
adj.灾难性的,造成灾害的;极坏的,很糟的
参考例句:
  • The heavy rainstorm caused a disastrous flood.暴雨成灾。
  • Her investment had disastrous consequences.She lost everything she owned.她的投资结果很惨,血本无归。
3 geographic tgsxb     
adj.地理学的,地理的
参考例句:
  • The city's success owes much to its geographic position. 这座城市的成功很大程度上归功于它的地理位置。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Environmental problems pay no heed to these geographic lines. 环境问题并不理会这些地理界限。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
4 devastated eb3801a3063ef8b9664b1b4d1f6aaada     
v.彻底破坏( devastate的过去式和过去分词);摧毁;毁灭;在感情上(精神上、财务上等)压垮adj.毁坏的;极为震惊的
参考例句:
  • The bomb devastated much of the old part of the city. 这颗炸弹炸毁了旧城的一大片地方。
  • His family is absolutely devastated. 他的一家感到极为震惊。
5 seasonal LZ1xE     
adj.季节的,季节性的
参考例句:
  • The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
  • The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。
6 microscopic nDrxq     
adj.微小的,细微的,极小的,显微的
参考例句:
  • It's impossible to read his microscopic handwriting.不可能看清他那极小的书写字迹。
  • A plant's lungs are the microscopic pores in its leaves.植物的肺就是其叶片上微细的气孔。
7 labor P9Tzs     
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦
参考例句:
  • We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
  • He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后,他已经疲惫不堪了。
8 laborers c8c6422086151d6c0ae2a95777108e3c     
n.体力劳动者,工人( laborer的名词复数 );(熟练工人的)辅助工
参考例句:
  • Laborers were trained to handle 50-ton compactors and giant cranes. 工人们接受操作五十吨压土机和巨型起重机的训练。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • Wage-labour rests exclusively on competition between the laborers. 雇佣劳动完全是建立在工人的自相竞争之上的。 来自英汉非文学 - 共产党宣言
9 welders d9dab32dff21318a0fe839e305df0189     
n.焊接工( welder的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Fifty welders were declared redundant. 已公布削减五十名焊工。 来自辞典例句
  • Arcs more readily than AC welders, with longer arcing. 起弧比交流电容易,电弧加长一倍。 来自互联网
10 machinery CAdxb     
n.(总称)机械,机器;机构
参考例句:
  • Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗?
  • Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。
11 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
12 countless 7vqz9L     
adj.无数的,多得不计其数的
参考例句:
  • In the war countless innocent people lost their lives.在这场战争中无数无辜的人丧失了性命。
  • I've told you countless times.我已经告诉你无数遍了。
13 concise dY5yx     
adj.简洁的,简明的
参考例句:
  • The explanation in this dictionary is concise and to the point.这部词典里的释义简明扼要。
  • I gave a concise answer about this.我对于此事给了一个简要的答复。
14 overview 8mrz1L     
n.概观,概述
参考例句:
  • The opening chapter gives a brief historical overview of transport.第一章是运输史的简要回顾。
  • The seminar aims to provide an overview on new media publishing.研讨会旨在综览新兴的媒体出版。
15 phenomena 8N9xp     
n.现象
参考例句:
  • Ade couldn't relate the phenomena with any theory he knew.艾德无法用他所知道的任何理论来解释这种现象。
  • The object of these experiments was to find the connection,if any,between the two phenomena.这些实验的目的就是探索这两种现象之间的联系,如果存在着任何联系的话。
16 partially yL7xm     
adv.部分地,从某些方面讲
参考例句:
  • The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
  • The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静,宵禁部分解除。
17 considerably 0YWyQ     
adv.极大地;相当大地;在很大程度上
参考例句:
  • The economic situation has changed considerably.经济形势已发生了相当大的变化。
  • The gap has narrowed considerably.分歧大大缩小了。
18 criteria vafyC     
n.标准
参考例句:
  • The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
  • There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。
19 authoritative 6O3yU     
adj.有权威的,可相信的;命令式的;官方的
参考例句:
  • David speaks in an authoritative tone.大卫以命令的口吻说话。
  • Her smile was warm but authoritative.她的笑容很和蔼,同时又透着威严。
20 linguistic k0zxn     
adj.语言的,语言学的
参考例句:
  • She is pursuing her linguistic researches.她在从事语言学的研究。
  • The ability to write is a supreme test of linguistic competence.写作能力是对语言能力的最高形式的测试。
21 relevance gVAxg     
n.中肯,适当,关联,相关性
参考例句:
  • Politicians' private lives have no relevance to their public roles.政治家的私生活与他们的公众角色不相关。
  • Her ideas have lost all relevance to the modern world.她的想法与现代社会完全脱节。
22 irrelevant ZkGy6     
adj.不恰当的,无关系的,不相干的
参考例句:
  • That is completely irrelevant to the subject under discussion.这跟讨论的主题完全不相关。
  • A question about arithmetic is irrelevant in a music lesson.在音乐课上,一个数学的问题是风马牛不相及的。
23 stimulated Rhrz78     
a.刺激的
参考例句:
  • The exhibition has stimulated interest in her work. 展览增进了人们对她作品的兴趣。
  • The award has stimulated her into working still harder. 奖金促使她更加努力地工作。
24 accomplished UzwztZ     
adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的
参考例句:
  • Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
  • Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。
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