经济学人:印度中央银行(1)

 　　Sometime in the 1990s Jagdish Bhagwati, one of India's most distinguished¹ economists³, encountered Swaminathan Gurumurthy, 在20世纪90年代某时，印度最杰出的经济学家贾格迪什·巴格沃蒂遭遇了斯瓦米那坦·古穆绥—

　　a financial commentator⁴ associated with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Hindu-nationalist organisation⁵. 一位和印度教国家主义组织民族卫队（RSS）有关联的金融评论家。

　　Mr Gurumurthy was making the case that globalisation, brought in by well-connected financiers, was destroying India. Mr Bhagwati came to a caustic⁶ conclusion. 古穆绥正在宣扬称由出身名门的金融家所引入的全球化正在摧毁印度。巴格沃蒂得出了一个刻薄的结论。

　　If RSS ideologues like Mr Gurumurthy were economists, then Mr Bhagwati was a "Bharatnatyam dancer", he said 他表示，如果RSS中像古穆绥这样的空想家都是经济学家的话，那么巴格沃蒂就是一位“巴拉那提姆舞者”，

　　(referring to a traditional dance from Tamil Nadu performed by women). （参考泰米尔纳德邦女子跳的传统舞蹈）。

　　Over 20 years later, Mr Gurumurthy's beliefs have changed little. 20多年后，古穆绥的观点并没有什么改变。

　　But today he is one of the most influential⁷ members of the board of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the country's central bank, 但如今他是印度中央银行印度储备银行（RBI）董事会中最具影响力的成员之一

　　to which he was appointed by the government in August. 8月政府对他进行了任命。

　　He has led demands that the RBI loosen restrictions⁸ on India's rickety state-run banks and hand more of its reserves to the government. 他带头要求RBI放松对印度岌岌可危的国有银行的限制并将更多储备上交政府。

　　Other than Narendra Modi, the prime minister, he is perhaps the man India's liberal economists most fear. 他可能是除了总理纳伦德拉·莫迪之外，印度自由经济学家最害怕的人。

　　Mr Gurumurthy had never before held a government position. A chartered accountant by training, he says he took the RBI position "under some pressure". 古穆绥此前从未担任过政府职位。他是一名通过培训的注册会计师，他表示他是在“重压之下”才接受RBI职位的。

　　But he admits that he has long offered "advice" to government. 但他承认自己长期以来都在为政府“献策”。

　　Plenty of people think that advice is taken extremely seriously, especially by Mr Modi, who shares his background in the RSS. 很多人认为官员，尤其是莫迪总理会极其认真地考虑他提的建议，莫迪总理同样有着RSS任职背景。

　　"He's really a fixer, he gets things done in Delhi," says Mohan Guruswamy, a former government economist² who has often clashed publicly with him. “他真的是一个解决问题的人，他在德里做的不错，”一名前政府经济学家默罕·古鲁斯瓦米表示，他经常和古穆绥公开争吵。

1 distinguished   

adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的

参考例句：

• Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
• A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。

2 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

3 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 commentator   

n.注释者，解说者；实况广播评论员

参考例句：

• He is a good commentator because he can get across the game.他能简单地解说这场比赛，是个好的解说者。
• The commentator made a big mistake during the live broadcast.在直播节目中评论员犯了个大错误。

5 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。

6 caustic   

adj.刻薄的，腐蚀性的

参考例句：

• He opened his mouth to make a caustic retort.他张嘴开始进行刻薄的反击。
• He enjoys making caustic remarks about other people.他喜欢挖苦别人。

7 influential   

adj.有影响的，有权势的

参考例句：

• He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
• He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。

8 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制