2022年经济学人 斯里兰卡爆发经济危机--新任总理面临下台危机

The world this week--Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

Mahinda Rajapaksa resigned as prime minister of Sri Lanka amid a wave of violence, as the country endures its worst ever economic crisis.

斯里兰卡总理马欣达·拉贾帕克萨在暴力浪潮中辞职，该国正经历有史以来最严重的经济危机。

Gotabaya Rajapaksa, the president and Mahinda’s younger brother, also came under pressure to step down.

马欣达的弟弟总统戈塔巴亚·拉贾帕克萨也面临着下台的压力。

Protesters burned down politicians’ houses and a museum dedicated¹ to the Rajapaksas, whom they blame for crippling shortages of food and fuel and for runaway² inflation.

抗议者烧毁了政客们的房屋和一座纪念拉贾帕克萨家族的博物馆，他们指责拉贾帕克萨家族造成了严重的食品和燃料短缺，还造成了失控的通货膨胀。

Gotabaya called for the opposition³ to join a government of national unity⁴ and ordered the army to shoot rioters on sight.

戈塔巴亚呼吁反对派加入国家团结政府，并下令军队一看到暴徒就开枪。

Ferdinand Marcos junior, better known as “Bongbong”, won the Philippines’ presidential election.

小费迪南德·马科斯赢得了菲律宾总统大选，他更广为人知的名字是“邦邦”。

The son of a former dictator, who was overthrown⁵ by the “People Power” revolution in 1986, Mr Marcos asked not to be judged by his ancestors but by his actions.

马科斯的父亲曾是一位独裁者，1986年被“人民力量”革命推翻。马科斯要求人们不要以他的祖先来评判他，而要以他的行动来评判他。

One of his first actions was to visit his father’s grave in Manila.

他的第一个行动就是去马尼拉为父亲扫墓。

Sara Duterte, the daughter of the outgoing president, Rodrigo Duterte, won the vice-presidency.

即将离任的总统罗德里戈·杜特尔特的女儿萨拉·杜特尔特赢得了副总统职位。

The Taliban issued a decree that in effect requires women in Afghanistan to wear a veil in public whenever they leave their homes.

塔利班发布了一项法令，实际上要求阿富汗妇女无论何时离开家都要在公共场合戴面纱。

North Korea ordered cities to lock down after admitting to its first covid infections since the pandemic began more than two years ago.

自疫情开始两年多以来，朝鲜首次承认出现新冠病毒感染，之后便下令封锁城市。

Finland’s president and prime minister recommended that the country formally join NATO, a potential reversal of 80 years of neutrality.

芬兰总统和总理建议芬兰正式加入北约，这可能会逆转该国80年的中立状态。

Before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine only about 20% of Finns supported membership; that figure is now around 70%.

在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰之前，只有20%的芬兰人支持加入该组织; 现在这个数字在70%左右。

Sweden is also expected to say it will join.

预计瑞典也将宣布加入该组织。

One of the supposed goals of Russia’s invasion was to stop NATO’s expansion; if the two countries’ parliaments approve the change, it will have achieved the opposite.

俄罗斯入侵的一个假定目标是阻止北约扩张; 如果两国议会批准这一改变，则将达到相反的效果

America’s House of Representatives approved an extra $40bn in military and humanitarian⁶ aid for Ukraine.

美国众议院批准向乌克兰额外提供400亿美元的军事和人道主义援助。

There was some resistance from Republicans, which could slow the bill’s passage in the Senate.

来自共和党的一些阻力可能会延缓该法案在参议院得到通过。

America imposed more sanctions on Russia, and the G7 made a commitment to ban Russian oil imports “in a timely and orderly fashion”.

美国对俄罗斯施加了更多制裁，七国集团承诺“及时有序地”禁止进口俄罗斯石油。

Jill Biden, Joe Biden’s wife, visited a border town in Ukraine, where she met Olena Zelenska, the wife of Ukraine’s president.

乔·拜登的妻子吉尔·拜登访问了乌克兰的一个边境城镇，在那里她与乌克兰总统的妻子奥莱娜·泽伦斯卡进行了会面。

It was Mrs Zelenska’s first public appearance since the Russian invasion began in February.

这是泽伦斯卡自2月份俄罗斯入侵以来首次公开露面。

In Northern Ireland the nationalist Sinn Féin party took the most seats in assembly elections.

北爱尔兰民族主义政党新芬党在议会选举中获得最多席位。

It is the first time since Ireland’s partition in 1921 that unionists have not been the biggest party in the province.

这是自1921年爱尔兰分裂以来，民主统一党首次不是该省最大的政党。

Disagreement over the Northern Ireland protocol⁷, a post-Brexit deal which creates a customs barrier with the rest of the United Kingdom, is proving to be an obstacle to restoring the government in Belfast.

英国脱欧后签署的《北爱尔兰协议》与英国其他地区之间建立了海关壁垒，该协议上的分歧也成为贝尔法斯特恢复政府的障碍。

1 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

2 runaway   

n.逃走的人，逃亡，亡命者；adj.逃亡的，逃走的

参考例句：

• The police have not found the runaway to date.警察迄今没抓到逃犯。
• He was praised for bringing up the runaway horse.他勒住了脱缰之马受到了表扬。

3 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

4 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

5 overthrown   

adj. 打翻的，推倒的，倾覆的 动词overthrow的过去分词

参考例句：

• The president was overthrown in a military coup. 总统在军事政变中被赶下台。
• He has overthrown the basic standards of morality. 他已摒弃了基本的道德标准。

6 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

7 protocol   

n.议定书，草约，会谈记录，外交礼节

参考例句：

• We must observe the correct protocol.我们必须遵守应有的礼仪。
• The statesmen signed a protocol.那些政治家签了议定书。