2023年经济学人 美国堕胎率稳步下降（1）

 

 

    Abortions² have become 6% rarer since the end of Roe³ v Wade⁴自从罗伊诉韦德案结束后，堕胎率下降了6%

    After the Supreme⁵ Court issued its ruling in Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organisation⁶ last June, which reversed its decision in Roe v Wade and let states ban abortion¹, the biggest remaining question was what effect the change would have.

    去年6月，最高法院在多布斯诉杰克逊妇女健康组织一案中做出裁决，推翻了在罗伊诉韦德案中的裁决，并允许各州发布禁止堕胎的制度。在这之后，最大的问题是，这一变化会产生什么影响。

    On paper, Roe established a nationwide right to abortion.

    理论上，罗伊案件的判决确立了全国范围内的堕胎权。

    However, conservative states had already implemented⁷ rules before Dobbs that made abortions, though technically⁸ legal, very hard to obtain.

    然而，在多布斯之前，保守党联邦州已经实施了一些规定，使得堕胎在技术上合法，但很难获得相关渠道。

    Liberal states, in contrast, were unlikely to impose new restrictions⁹.

    相比之下，自由党联邦州不太可能施加新的限制。

    Were Roe’s protections worth as much in practice as in principle?

    罗伊案带来的的庇护实际上和原则上有一样的价值吗?

    In the past, state-level data on the prevalence of abortion were patchy.

    过去，关于堕胎率的州级数据参差不齐。

    But a report released by the Society of Family Planning (sfp), a non-profit group, quantifies the effect.

    但非营利组织计划生育协会发布的一份报告量化了这种影响。

    From July to December 2022 there were 31,180 fewer abortions than pre-Dobbs rates would suggest, a decline of 6%.

    从2022年7月到12月，堕胎人数比多布斯前的数字少了31180人，下降了6%。

    That is despite a rise in abortions administered by virtual clinics, which prescribe abortifacient drugs like mifepristone (which the Supreme Court has temporarily protected).

    这是在线上诊所购买堕胎药增加的情况下统计的，这些诊所开的药是米非司酮(最高法院暂时允许米非司酮出售)。

    In early 2022 sfp began compiling a database of every clinic, medical office and hospital known to perform abortions.

    2022年初，生育协会开始编制一个数据库，其中包括已知实施堕胎的所有诊所、医务室和医院。

    It asked each one to calculate monthly abortion counts, and offered to pay expenses for data collection.

    它要求每个组织计算每月堕胎数量，并主动为数据收集支付费用。

    Of the organisations contacted, 83% submitted numbers.

    在联系的组织中，83%提交了数据。

    sfp produced estimates for the remaining 17%.

    生育协会对剩余的17%进行了估计。

    The overall decline understates the effect Dobbs has had in much of the country.

    整体的下降低估了多布斯案在美国大部分地区的影响。

    Across the 22 states where new restrictions took effect following the ruling, the number of abortions fell by 67,040 (63%).

    在该裁决生效后22个州实施了新限制，堕胎数量下降了67,040例(63%)。

    Even in states with tight pre-Dobbs restrictions, the decision’s impact has been vast.

    即使在多布斯案之前实行严格限制的州，也被这一决定严重影响了。

    After Texas implemented a law in 2021 that banned abortions once a fetal heartbeat could be detected, its abortion rate fell from 5,400 per month to 2,200.

    德克萨斯州在2021年实施了一项法律，一旦胎儿心跳能被检测到，就禁止堕胎，此后其堕胎率从每月5400人下降到2200人。

    In April 2022 sfp recorded 2,700 abortions in the state.

    2022年4月，生育协会记录了该州2700例堕胎。

    But between July and December 2022 it has logged fewer than 100.

    但在2022年7月至12月期间，相关记录不到100个。

    Abortion has also all but disappeared in seven other states, including four in the South.

    在其他7个州，堕胎也几乎消失，其中包括了南方的4个州。

1 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

2 abortions   

n.小产( abortion的名词复数 )；小产胎儿；（计划）等中止或夭折；败育

参考例句：

• The Venerable Master: By not having abortions, by not killing living beings. 上人：不堕胎、不杀生。 来自互联网
• Conclusion Chromosome abnormality is one of the causes of spontaneous abortions. 结论：染色体异常是导致反复自然流产的原因之一。 来自互联网

3 roe   

n.鱼卵；獐鹿

参考例句：

• We will serve smoked cod's roe at the dinner.宴会上我们将上一道熏鳕鱼子。
• I'll scramble some eggs with roe?我用鱼籽炒几个鸡蛋好吗？

4 wade   

v.跋涉，涉水；n.跋涉

参考例句：

• We had to wade through the river to the opposite bank.我们只好涉水过河到对岸。
• We cannot but wade across the river.我们只好趟水过去。

5 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

6 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。

7 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句

8 technically   

adv.专门地，技术上地

参考例句：

• Technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说，这是最先进的设备。
• The tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说，西红柿是一种水果，尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。

9 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制