纪录片《文明》 第82期 画卷天堂（6）

200 years after Su Shi wrote his poems,

苏轼作赋二百年后

China's Song dynasty had fallen to Mongol invaders¹.

宋朝被蒙古征服

The painter Wang Meng refused to serve the Mongol emperors,

画家王蒙拒绝侍奉蒙元皇帝

preferring to retreat to a very particular place,

选择退隐到一个特殊的所在

his family's estate in the Qingbian mountains.

他在青卞山中的祖宅

Those mountains became the subject of his greatest painting.

青卞山便成了他绘画的对象

Well, when you're in the presence of a bona fide masterpiece,

当你面对这样一幅饱含心血的杰作时

which this is, words somehow struggle to be formed.

任何语言都是苍白的

But I'm going to do my best.

但我会尽力而为

Not least because this is an extraordinary painting

因为这不仅是一幅杰出的画作

because it belies² all the pleasing stereotypes³

更是因为它并不符合我们对中国山水画

we have about Chinese landscapes.

闲适怡人的固有印象

When you think of Li Cheng,

提到李成

you think of that first generation of northern Song painters

你会想到北宋第一代画家

and it is all about feeling protected by the Imperial mountain.

他们画的都是被象征皇权的大山庇护的感觉

None of this is happening with Wang Meng.

王蒙却反其道而行之

This is, above all, a painting about turbulence⁴.

他所描绘的主题是动荡

It's full of a kind of restless,

充满了焦躁不安

writhing⁵, sensuous⁶, intense energy.

痛苦 敏感 紧张的情绪

There's a reason for this turbulence.

这种动荡感是有因可循的

By the time he painted this,

他创作此画时

Wang Meng's family mountain retreat was right in the middle

王蒙家族退隐的山居

of a battlefield fought over by armies 200,000 strong.

正处在二十万大军反复争夺的战场中间

The reality was marauding and massacre⁷.

这是一场劫掠与屠杀

These are not mountains which protect us.

这些山峦不再庇护万民

Instead, they trap and threaten us.

而是步步进逼 紧紧威胁

Here is a man beautifully painted, picked out with a conical cap,

这里有个精心绘制的戴锥帽的男子

which is a cap of this particular region,

这种帽子是当地的特色服饰

and is echoed by the shape of the peak.

与山峦形状相呼应

So, you think the man belongs to the mountains,

所以你会感觉这人居于此山之中

but the man has nowhere to go.

但这名男子无处可去

There are paths which make no sense at all.

周围的道路杂乱无章

He moves his way through scrubby pines.

他只能在乱树丛间摸索前行

Wang Meng has lit this dramatically to make it more difficult,

王蒙用了凌厉的笔法 使这一幕更艰难

to make it more exciting,

也更激动人心

to make it more perilous⁸ and energised.

使画面更危机四伏 暗流涌动

1 invaders   

入侵者，侵略者，侵入物( invader的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They prepared to repel the invaders. 他们准备赶走侵略军。
• The family has traced its ancestry to the Norman invaders. 这个家族将自己的世系追溯到诺曼征服者。

2 belies   

v.掩饰( belie的第三人称单数 )；证明（或显示）…为虚假；辜负；就…扯谎

参考例句：

• His appearance belies him. 他的外貌给人以假象。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• The modesty of their home belies their great wealth. 他们简朴的家使人们看不出他们拥有巨额财富。 来自辞典例句

3 stereotypes   

n.老套，模式化的见解，有老一套固定想法的人( stereotype的名词复数 )v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
• It makes me sick to read over such stereotypes devoid of content. 这种空洞无物的八股调，我看了就讨厌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 turbulence   

n.喧嚣，狂暴，骚乱，湍流

参考例句：

• The turbulence caused the plane to turn over.空气的激流导致飞机翻转。
• The world advances amidst turbulence.世界在动荡中前进。

5 writhing   

（因极度痛苦而）扭动或翻滚( writhe的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• She was writhing around on the floor in agony. 她痛得在地板上直打滚。
• He was writhing on the ground in agony. 他痛苦地在地上打滚。

6 sensuous   

adj.激发美感的；感官的，感觉上的

参考例句：

• Don't get the idea that value of music is commensurate with its sensuous appeal.不要以为音乐的价值与其美的感染力相等。
• The flowers that wreathed his parlor stifled him with their sensuous perfume.包围著客厅的花以其刺激人的香味使他窒息。

7 massacre   

n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀

参考例句：

• There was a terrible massacre of villagers here during the war.在战争中，这里的村民惨遭屠杀。
• If we forget the massacre,the massacre will happen again!忘记了大屠杀，大屠杀就有可能再次发生！

8 perilous   

adj.危险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• The journey through the jungle was perilous.穿过丛林的旅行充满了危险。
• We have been carried in safety through a perilous crisis.历经一连串危机，我们如今已安然无恙。