留美老师带你每日说英文 第494期:怀孕对大脑的影响

 台湾籍旅美老师今天交给我们的句子是：

Mothers had more intense brain activity in the dopamine reward system, than women had never had children. This system is involved in reward learning and its the same that makes us crave¹ certain foods or become addicted³ to drugs. It motivates us to act in ways that get us closer to the reward - in mother's cases, a baby.

在多巴胺的奖励系统中，母亲的脑部活动比没有小孩的女性更强烈。这个系统与奖励学习息息相关，并且也是我们喜爱特定食物或是对毒品上瘾的原因。它让我们竭尽所能地得到奖赏与回馈--对母亲来说，就是孩子本身。

怀孕对大脑的影响

学习重点：

1.intense 强烈的

intense (adj.) 强烈的

intensify⁴ (v.) 使...更激烈

tense (adj.) 紧绷的

2.reward 报答

reward (n.) 报答

award (n.) 奖励

3.crave 渴望

crave (v.) 渴望

craving⁵ (n.) 渴望

carve (v.) 雕刻

carving⁶ (n.) 雕刻

4.addicted 上瘾的

addicted (adj.) 上瘾的

addiction⁷ (n.) 瘾

addict² (v.) 使成瘾

addict (n.) 上瘾的人

5.motivate 激发动力

motivate (v.) 激发动力

motivation (n.) 动力

1 crave   

vt.渴望得到，迫切需要，恳求，请求

参考例句：

• Many young children crave attention.许多小孩子渴望得到关心。
• You may be craving for some fresh air.你可能很想呼吸呼吸新鲜空气。

2 addict   

v.使沉溺；使上瘾；n.沉溺于不良嗜好的人

参考例句：

• He became gambling addict,and lost all his possessions.他习染上了赌博，最终输掉了全部家产。
• He assisted a drug addict to escape from drug but failed firstly.一开始他帮助一个吸毒者戒毒但失败了。

3 addicted   

adj.沉溺于....的，对...上瘾的

参考例句：

• He was addicted to heroin at the age of 17.他17岁的时候对海洛因上了瘾。
• She's become addicted to love stories.她迷上了爱情小说。

4 intensify   

vt.加强；变强；加剧

参考例句：

• We must intensify our educational work among our own troops.我们必须加强自己部队的教育工作。
• They were ordered to intensify their patrols to protect our air space.他们奉命加强巡逻，保卫我国的领空。

5 craving   

n.渴望,热望

参考例句：

• a craving for chocolate 非常想吃巧克力
• She skipped normal meals to satisfy her craving for chocolate and crisps. 她不吃正餐，以便满足自己吃巧克力和炸薯片的渴望。

6 carving   

n.雕刻品，雕花

参考例句：

• All the furniture in the room had much carving.房间里所有的家具上都有许多雕刻。
• He acquired the craft of wood carving in his native town.他在老家学会了木雕手艺。

7 addiction   

n.上瘾入迷，嗜好

参考例句：

• He stole money from his parents to feed his addiction.他从父母那儿偷钱以满足自己的嗜好。
• Areas of drug dealing are hellholes of addiction,poverty and murder.贩卖毒品的地区往往是吸毒上瘾、贫困和发生谋杀的地方。