-
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Lesson 59:Collecting 收藏
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What in particular does a person gain when he or she becomes a serious collector?
People tend to amass1 possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so. Indeed they can have a delightful2 surprise when they find something useful which they did not know they owned. Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter4. They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics6 for years, in the belief that they may one day need just those very things. As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings7 for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment. Things owned for a long time are full associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.
Some things are collected deliberately8 in the home in an attempt to avoid waste. Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty9 people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites11. Collecting small items can easily become a mania12. I know someone who always cuts sketches14 out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money. As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently15 strong-minded to be able to stop the practice. It is a harmless bait, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.
Collecting as a serous hobby is quite different and has many advantages. It provides relaxation16 for leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy. One does not have to go outside for amusement, since the collection is housed at home. Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books. This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it. There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find. So one's circle of friends grows. Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to a meeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen17, for collectors are not confined to any one country. Over the years, one may well become a authority on one's hobby and will very probably be asked to give informal talks to little gatherings18 and then, if successful, to larger audiences. In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject, then from being able to take about it. Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively19, makes a person contented20, with no time for boredom21.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
amass
v. 积聚
indiscriminate
adj. 不加选择的
clutter
n. 一堆杂物
string
n. 细线
mania
n. 癖好
remote
adj. （机会，可能性）少的，小的
strong-minded
adj. 意志坚强的
relaxation
n. 休息，娱乐
verify
v. 查证，核实
bearing
n. 关系，联系
like-minded
adj. 志趣相投的
specimen
n. 标本
constructively
adv. 有益的，积极的
contented
adj. 心满意足的
boredom
n. 烦恼，无聊
参考译文
人们喜欢收藏东西，有时并没有意识到自己在这样做。确实，一旦无意之中从自己的收藏品中找到某件有用的东西时，可以给人一种惊喜的感觉。那些从来不必搬家的人们成了一种无所无容的收藏家。他们专门收藏那些只能被称作杂货的东西。他们在抽屉里，碗柜中、阁楼上堆放着一些不用的东西，一放就是好几年，相信总有一天需要的正好是那些东西。人们年老之后也喜欢收藏东西，不过是出于两个不同的原因：一是体力，精力均告不佳，这二者是清除无用的东西必不可少的因素；另一原因是感情因素。东西搁得时间久了，便会充满着与过去岁月的联系，比方说与死去的亲戚有关。因此这些东西慢慢获得了一种超出它本身的价值。
居家度日，有目的地收藏某些东西是为了防止浪费。这些东西中我想举出线绳和包装纸为例。节俭的人们打开包裹后便把这两样必备的东西收藏起来。省得日后去买。收集小玩艺儿很容易着迷。我认识一个人，她总喜欢从报纸上剪下流行服装的图样，等以后有钱时去买服装。由于她并不富裕，她买得起这些服装的可能性十分渺茫。但她又缺乏足够坚强的意志把这一收集活动停下来。这种习惯无害，只把写字台里堆得满满当当，以致每次打开抽屉总能带出许多纸片四处飞扬。
作为一种严肃的业余爱好的收藏活动完全是另外一回事，它具有许多益处。它可以使人在闲暇中得到休息，因为欣赏自己收藏的珍品总会充满了乐趣。人们不必走到户外去寻求娱乐，因为收藏品都是存放在家中。不管收藏品是什么，邮票、唱片、头版书籍、瓷器、玻璃杯、老式家具、绘画、模型汽车、鸟类标本，还是玩具动物，从为新增添的收藏品寻找摆放位置到核对参考书中的事实，总归有事可做。这种爱好不仅能使人从选择的专题中受到教育，而且也能从与之有关的一般事物中获得长进。除此之外，还有其他的益处。收藏者要会见情趣相投的收藏者，以获取教益，交流经验、交换收藏品，炫耀自己的最新收藏。朋友的圈子就这样不断扩大。用不了多久，有这种爱好的人便开始旅行，也许是去另一个城市参加会议，也可能是出国寻找一件珍品，因为收藏家是不分国籍的。一人积了多年经验会成为自己这种爱好的权威，很可能应邀在小型集会上作非正式的讲话。如果讲得好，可能向更多人发表演说。这样，你自信心不断增强，先是因为掌握一门学问，接下来是因为能够就此发表见解。收藏活动通过富有建设性地利用业余时间使人感到心满意足，不再有无聊之日。
自学导读
Notes on the text
课文注释
1 in the belief that，这个介词短语在句子中作谓语动词 leave的状语。
2 those very things，就是那些东西，very在这里起强调作用，可译作“正是那个（些）”，“正是所要的”。
3 for two other reasons，lack of physical and mental energy，… and sentiment，在这个句子中，lack of…和sentiment是两个并列的成分，作reasons的同位语，而both of which…是physical and mental energy的非限定性定语从句。
4 beyond their true worth，超过它们的实际价值。
5 to such an extent that，达到了这样的程度， that后面的从句作 extent的同位语。
6 as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy，因为欣赏自己收藏的珍品总会充满了乐趣。 as是连词，引导原因状语从句。
7 have some bearing on it，与它有关。
Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension理解
1 What differentiates22 the indiscriminate collector from the serious one?
a．What he collects is only of personal rather than communal23 interest.
b．He lacks the physical and mental energy to go out and about.
c．His possessions are varied24 but over the years they gain in value.
d．He confines his collection to the home and therefore does not travel.
2 The author's friend is typical of the indiscriminate collector in that ______ .
a．she keeps newspapers in the hope that one day they may come in useful
b．she collects sketches of clothes to save herself the cost of buying them
c．she is too narrow-minded to be able to stop a sentimental25 practice
d．she never gets round to sorting out the clutter she has accumulated
3 The serious collector can spend his leisure time ______ .
a．at home, as his collection is sufficient entertainment in itself
b．at the same time as looking joyfully26 at his treasures
c．educating himself and others by verifying facts in reference books
d．occupying himself by constructing a house for his collection
Structure 结构
4 ______ belongings people accumulate. There are two reasons for this…（11.7-9）
a．As they got older more
b．In getting older there are more
c．Only when they get older, do more
d．The older they get the more
5 ______ in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.（1.11）
a．People deliberately collect
b．People deliberately collect some things
c．People collect deliberately
d．People collect deliberately some things
6 ----but it litters up her desk ______ that every time she opens it…（11.16-17）
a．so far
b．as long as
c．in as much
d．so much
7 Something to do, from finding the right place ______ the latest addition to…（11.21-22）
a．where he puts
b．in order to put
c．for to put
d．to put
8 ----and then, if______ successful, to larger audiences.（11.28-29）
a．they will be
b．one is
c．it has been
d．they were
Vocabulary 词汇
9 Some things are collected ______ in the home so as to avoid waste.（1.11）
a．systematically27
b．intentionally28
c．purposefully
d．organizationally
10 Collecting as a serious hobby is ______ and has many advantages.（1.18）
a．altogether separate
b．rather unlike
c．fairly diverse
d．very distinguished29
11 ----the right place for the latest addition to ______ facts in reference books.（11.22-23）
a．insuring
b．certifying31
c．identifying
d．checking
12 ----but also in general matters which ______.（11.23-24）
a．stand up to it
b．relate to it
c．bear it out
d．carry it off
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
●amass v. 积聚
●indiscriminate adj. 不加选择的
●clutter n. 一堆杂物
●string n. 细线
●requisite n. 必需品
●mania n. 癖好
●sketch n. 草图，图样
●remote adj. （机会，可能性）少的，小的
●strong-minded adj. 意志坚强的
●relaxation n. 休息，娱乐
●verify v. 查证，核实
●bearing n. 关系，联系
●like-minded adj. 志趣相投的
●specimen n. 标本
●constructively adv. 有益的，积极的
●contented adj. 心满意足的
●boredom n. 烦恼，无聊
给大家5分钟的时间复读课文，挑选出collect的同义词
Paragraph 1
amass
l.7 accumulate
collected
n.
collecting
treasure
l.20 collection
l.22 addition
l.23 hobby
l.25 the latest find
◆amass v. 积聚
gather: (小型)聚集
assemble: (大型) 集会
amass: （书面化）积聚, 所积累的东西有很高的价值
accumulate
collect: 收藏
collect stamps
collect matchboxes
collect tax
collect parcel
store / hold up: 大量贮藏
◆◆indiscriminate adj. 不加选择的
Eg: He is indiscriminate in making friends.
uncritical 不加以评判的
critical :批评的，批判的
L59-01 end 10’38” (60-01)
L59-02 begin 10’56”
Eg: He is uncritical while going shopping.
unselective 不加以选择的
haphazard32 adj. 任意的，无计划的
make haphazard remarks 妄加评论，随口乱说
random33 adj. & n. 任意的， 胡乱的
at random
Eg: This is my random guess.
casual adj. 随便的(漫不经心)
casually34 adv.
undiscriminating adj. 不加以区别的
discriminate3: 加以选择
Read: undiscriminating; unselective; uncritical; haphazard; random; casual; at random; desultory35
desultory : 随意的（无条理）
Eg: The careful study of a few books is better than the desultory reading og many.
◆clutter n. 一堆杂物
piles of junk / clutter litter that floor
◆string n. 细线
string : 连锁的
a string of: 一串
◆requisite n. 必需品
living resquisite
necessity: 生活必需品，必不可缺的因素
◆◆mania n. 癖好
have a mania for doing sth.: 有做某事的癖好 （狂热）
L59-02 end 10’56”
L59-03 begin 11’11”
craze: 狂热，时尚
be crazy about
hobby: 很重视（不会忽略）
mania: 癖好（老年人）
desire: n. 做某事的强烈愿望
have desire for (to do ) sth.
madness n. 疯狂的行为
be mad about
insanity36 n. 疯狂（=madness）
insane adj. 失支理智的
Eg: His insanity is unexpected.
◆sketch n. 草图，图样
◆remote adj. （机会，可能性）少的，小的
slight
possibility / chance
Eg: The chances are remote that he will pass his examination.
good
The chances that he will leave the hospital for new year celebration are good.
◆strong-minded adj. 意志坚强的
◆relaxation n. 休息，娱乐
entertainment
◆◆◆verify vt. 查证，核实
Eg: You must verify the numbers / statistics.
verify the facts
certify30 : 证明，保证
confirm: 证实
Eg: My boss can confirm that I was here at that time.
文档 n. 文件； v. 用文件证明
Eg: Please 文档 what you said just now.
I don’t believe you. I only believe in 文档.
substantiate37: 证明（某事有根据）
L59-03 end 11’11”
Lesson59A end 32:39
Lesson59B begin 33:48
L59-04 begin 11’49”
Eg: I can substantiate it.
validate39: 使生效，确认，证实
valid38: 有效的
Eg: We must validate the law.
When we use a new teaching method, we must validate it at first.
prove: 证明证实是否怎样
Read: verify / certify / confirm / 文档 / validate / prove / substantiate
check
Eg: Please check the figures / statistics.
◆bearing n. 关系，联系
relation / connection
association: 联想
◆like-minded adj. 志趣相投的
Eg: We’d like to make friends with like-minded people.
◆specimen n. 标本
◆constructively adv. 有益的，积极的
◆◆◆contented adj. 心满意足的
pleased / satisfied / delighted
Eg: Robert was not only pleased with my arrival but also delighted with my little gift.
be contented with sth. / sb.
◆boredom n. 烦恼，无聊
monotonous40 / tedious / tired / tiresome41 / bored
【课文讲解】
注意写作风格，与L41和L43课完全不一样。
对比：分析事物之间的差异（通过事物比事物法）
背熟：People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
amass possession
tend to: 喜欢，有...... 倾向
unaware42 of doing so
背熟：Things owned for a long time are full associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.
possession 财产，所有物 belongings
People tend to amass valuable items.
L59-04 end 11’49”
L59-05 begin 11’34”
because they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.
Eg: I can not estimate the true value of my photographs in terms of money.
Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.
It is a harmless bait, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.
Collecting as a mania is a harmless habit
has many advantages / harmless habit
Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.
Collecting as a serious hobby
回到第一自然段第2句
have a delightful surprise
I am a collector of what can be described as valuable stamps.
I know a person of what can be described as bookworm.
in the belief that == believe in
in the thought that == think in
L59-05 end 11’34”
L59-06 begin 10’32”
Eg: I did so in the belief that you could help me.
I said so in the thought that I wouldn’t hurt you.
under the impression that
Eg: I am under the impression that the diamonds are really beautiful.
very: 加强语气
at exactly that moment == at that very moment
belongings
Eg: I failed my examination for two reasons, lack of hard work, being late for the examination.
sentiment: 情感
sentimental 多愁善感的
deliberately
背熟：Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.
in an attempt to do sth.： 竭尽全力做某事
Eg”He rarely goes shopping in an attempt to save up.
thrifty == economical
save doing sth. 免掉做某事的麻烦
save the trouble of doing sth.
L59-06 end 10’32”
Lesson59B end 33:48
Lesson59C begin 52:59
L59-07 begin 10’28”
clothes--> purchase
sufficiently == enough 放在所修饰的adj. 前
practice: 个人的习惯做法 == mania == habit
every time == whenever
背熟： Collecting as a serous hobby is quite different and has many advantages. It provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy.
collection: 强调收藏品
collecting: 强调的是动作
Collecting stamps is my favourite hobby.
illustrate43 collecting
as: 就象什么一样
relacation ==entertainment: 休息，娱乐
treasures == valuable collection
amusement ==relaxation
is housed at home
whatever it consist of == whatever it is made up of
consist of == be made up of 由......组成
comprise, constitute
背熟：there is always something to do in connection with it，(it 指 collection )
From to 从什么到什么
L59-07 end 10’28”
L59-08 begin 10’25”
背熟：This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.
not only... but also ...
have bearing on sth. 与什么密切相关
relation to, be related to, have relation to
advantage, privilege, benefit
notes == collection
find == collection
背熟：So one’s circle of friends grows.
in search of == for
be confined to: 限定在什么区域范围之内
Eg: He is confined to the box.
We are confined to three meals.
over the years == as time goes on
well 用来加强语气
背熟： In this way self-confidence grows.
Collecting,by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.
背熟：Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.
L59 注意每一段的段首和段尾，通过对比来表述了两种不同的收藏。
L59-08 end 10’25”
L59-09 begin 13’42”
make as if to do == pretend to do: 装着要做某事的样子
Eg: He made as if to help me.
make believe: 假装
Eg: He made believe that he knew everything about the secret.
make it ： 说定了，成功了
Eg: He thought he would arrive here at 8 o’clock and he made it
make up to : 奉承，献媚 kiss sb’s boots, flatter
make a clean breast of == confess completely: 完全坦白
Eg: He made a clean breast of what he did to the girl.
Vocabulary】P266
Choose five of the following words and phrases and give for each another word or phrase of similar meaning to that in which the word or phrase is used in the passage: amass (l.1); being aware (l.1); move house (l.4); attics (l.6); gradally acquire (l.10); thrifty (l.12); in very direction (l.17)
amass == accumulate
being aware == conscious
move house 搬家 move from our house to new one
attic5: 阁楼 a small room directory below the roof of the building
gradually acquire == get / gain / obtain step by step 渐渐获得
thrifty == frugal44 ==economical ==not wasteful45
in every directions == everywhere
【Key to Multiple choice questions】
1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. B
收听单词发音 |
1
amass
|
|
| vt.积累，积聚 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
2
delightful
|
|
| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
3
discriminate
|
|
| v.区别，辨别，区分；有区别地对待 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
4
clutter
|
|
| n.零乱，杂乱；vt.弄乱，把…弄得杂乱 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
5
attic
|
|
| n.顶楼，屋顶室 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
6
attics
|
|
| n. 阁楼 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
7
belongings
|
|
| n.私人物品，私人财物 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
8
deliberately
|
|
| adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
9
thrifty
|
|
| adj.节俭的；兴旺的；健壮的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
10
requisite
|
|
| adj.需要的，必不可少的；n.必需品 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
11
requisites
|
|
| n.必要的事物( requisite的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
12
mania
|
|
| n.疯狂；躁狂症，狂热，癖好 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
13
sketch
|
|
| n.草图；梗概；素描；v.素描；概述 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
14
sketches
|
|
| n.草图( sketch的名词复数 )；素描；速写；梗概 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
15
sufficiently
|
|
| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
16
relaxation
|
|
| n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
17
specimen
|
|
| n.样本，标本 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
18
gatherings
|
|
| 聚集( gathering的名词复数 )； 收集； 采集； 搜集 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
19
constructively
|
|
| ad.有益的，积极的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
20
contented
|
|
| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
21
boredom
|
|
| n.厌烦，厌倦，乏味，无聊 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
22
differentiates
|
|
| 区分，区别，辨别( differentiate的第三人称单数 )； 区别对待； 表明…间的差别，构成…间差别的特征 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
23
communal
|
|
| adj.公有的，公共的，公社的，公社制的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
24
varied
|
|
| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
25
sentimental
|
|
| adj.多愁善感的，感伤的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
26
joyfully
|
|
| adv. 喜悦地, 高兴地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
27
systematically
|
|
| adv.有系统地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
28
intentionally
|
|
| ad.故意地，有意地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
29
distinguished
|
|
| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
30
certify
|
|
| vt.证明，证实；发证书(或执照)给 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
31
certifying
|
|
| （尤指书面）证明( certify的现在分词 )； 发证书给…； 证明（某人）患有精神病； 颁发（或授予）专业合格证书 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
32
haphazard
|
|
| adj.无计划的，随意的，杂乱无章的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
33
random
|
|
| adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
34
casually
|
|
| adv.漠不关心地，无动于衷地，不负责任地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
35
desultory
|
|
| adj.散漫的，无方法的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
36
insanity
|
|
| n.疯狂，精神错乱；极端的愚蠢，荒唐 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
37
substantiate
|
|
| v.证实；证明...有根据 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
38
valid
|
|
| adj.有确实根据的；有效的；正当的，合法的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
39
validate
|
|
| vt.（法律）使有效，使生效 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
40
monotonous
|
|
| adj.单调的，一成不变的，使人厌倦的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
41
tiresome
|
|
| adj.令人疲劳的，令人厌倦的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
42
unaware
|
|
| a.不知道的，未意识到的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
43
illustrate
|
|
| v.举例说明，阐明；图解，加插图 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
44
frugal
|
|
| adj.节俭的，节约的，少量的，微量的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
45
wasteful
|
|
| adj.（造成）浪费的，挥霍的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
购买
在百度中搜索