美国国家公共电台 NPR Bariatric Surgery Can Help People Keep Weight Off Long Term

Bariatric Surgery Can Help People Keep Weight Off Long Term 

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Now to a procedure that has proved extremely effective in helping² severely³ obese⁴ patients lose weight and keep it off. NPR's Patti Neighmond reports on the latest research on gastric⁵ bypass surgery.

PATTI NEIGHMOND, BYLINE⁶: It really hit Terry White eight years ago, when he was at the mall with his wife.

TERRY WHITE: And I was sitting down every few minutes to catch my breath.

NEIGHMOND: He knew he had to lose weight for good.

WHITE: I've lost a thousand pounds, probably, over the years.

NEIGHMOND: Dieting, losing, gaining back and then some.

WHITE: And that's how I got to be 378 pounds.

NEIGHMOND: Three-hundred-and-seventy-eight pounds at just 5-foot-6, White decided⁷ to have surgery to reduce his stomach to about the size of an egg and restructure his intestines⁸ to absorb fewer calories and fat from food.

The weight just fell off, he says. He didn't feel deprived. He just didn't want to eat that much. In seven months, he'd lost 200 pounds. That was eight years ago. He's gained back a bit but not much.

WHITE: Right now, I'm from 205 to 210. And it varies 2 or 3, 4 pounds one way or the other.

NEIGHMOND: It turns out, White's success isn't unique. In one of the largest and longest studies of bariatric surgery, researchers with the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center in North Carolina tracked the progress of nearly 1,800 veterans who underwent gastric bypass surgery. Researcher David Arterburn says they expected to see gradual weight gain over 10 years, with some patients even gaining back everything they lost. But that's not what they found.

DAVID ARTERBURN: Patients actually plateaued. And they maintained their weight loss and even lost a little bit more weight over the long term.

NEIGHMOND: One year after surgery, patients lost, on average, 98 pounds. Ten years later, they'd gained back, on average, only about 7 pounds. Arterburn says the surgery likely interferes⁹ with the body's natural defense¹⁰ to less food - a slowdown in metabolism¹¹. That's what dooms¹² so many dieters. Arterburn says bariatric surgery seems to change how the brain perceives hunger.

ARTERBURN: Even though they're taking in a whole lot less calories than they were before, they don't feel, like, a constant urge to eat. And it's not just a reduction in the size of the stomach. They don't feel hungry in between meals.

NEIGHMOND: This is exactly what happened to Terry White. He no longer feels hungry all the time. And he walks and jogs about 5 miles a day.

WHITE: Before the surgery, the only thing I wanted to do was sleep because every time I'd sit down, I'd go to sleep and snore. Lord knows I could snore.

NEIGHMOND: It's been an unreal change, he says, in his quality of life. Patti Neighmond, NPR News.

1 browser   

n.浏览者

参考例句：

• View edits in a web browser.在浏览器中看编辑的效果。
• I think my browser has a list of shareware links.我想在浏览器中会有一系列的共享软件链接。

2 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

3 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

4 obese   

adj.过度肥胖的，肥大的

参考例句：

• The old man is really obese,it can't be healthy.那位老人确实过于肥胖了，不能算是健康。
• Being obese and lazy is dangerous to health.又胖又懒危害健康。

5 gastric   

adj.胃的

参考例句：

• Miners are a high risk group for certain types of gastric cancer.矿工是极易患某几种胃癌的高风险人群。
• That was how I got my gastric trouble.我的胃病就是这么得的。

6 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

7 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

8 intestines   

n.肠( intestine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Perhaps the most serious problems occur in the stomach and intestines. 最严重的问题或许出现在胃和肠里。 来自辞典例句
• The traps of carnivorous plants function a little like the stomachs and small intestines of animals. 食肉植物的捕蝇器起着动物的胃和小肠的作用。 来自辞典例句

9 interferes   

vi. 妨碍，冲突，干涉

参考例句：

• The noise interferes with my work. 这噪音妨碍我的工作。
• That interferes with my plan. 那干扰了我的计划。

10 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

11 metabolism   

n.新陈代谢

参考例句：

• After years of dieting,Carol's metabolism was completely out of whack.经过数年的节食，卡罗尔的新陈代谢完全紊乱了。
• All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.生物都有新陈代谢。

12 dooms   

v.注定( doom的第三人称单数 )；判定；使…的失败（或灭亡、毁灭、坏结局）成为必然；宣判

参考例句：

• The ill-advised conceit of the guardian angel dooms the film from the start. 对守护天使的蹩脚设计弄巧成拙，从一开始就注定这部电影要失败。
• The dooms of the two are closely linked. 一条线拴俩蚂蚱。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》