美国国家公共电台 NPR 美国对伊拉克民兵组织发动报复性空袭

美国对伊拉克民兵组织发动报复性空袭

The U.S. military says it has carried out a series of airstrikes in Iraq against a militia¹ groupbacked by Iran. This comes a day after rocket attacks on a military base in Iraq that killed twoU.S. and one British service member.

美国军方表示，他们对伊拉克一个由伊朗支持的民兵组织发动了一系列空袭。此前一天，伊拉克一个军事基地遭到火箭袭击，造成2名美国士兵和1名英国士兵死亡。

For more on this story, we're joined now by NPR national security correspondent Greg Myre. Hey, Greg.

下面我们将连线NPR新闻的国家安全记者格雷格·迈尔，请他介绍详细情况。你好，格雷格。

GREG MYRE, BYLINE²: Hey there.

格雷格·迈尔连线：你好。

CHANG: So can you give us more details about these airstrikes?

张：你能详细介绍一下这些空袭吗？

MYRE: Right. So the U.S. military says it conducted five airstrikes on weapon storagefacilities belonging to Kata'ib Hezbollah. Now, no precise locations in Iraq and no word oncasualties. And this is an Iraqi militia, but it's backed by Iran. The statement did everythingbut explicitly³ blame the group for this Wednesday rocket attack on a military base, CampTaji, which is north of Baghdad. And that's where the two Americans and one British servicemember were killed. U.S. Defense⁴ Secretary Mark Esper was hinting at this earlier today. Hesaid, quote, "You don't get to shoot at our bases and kill and wound Americans and get awaywith it."

迈尔：好。美国军方表示，其对“卡塔伊布真主党”的武器储存设施发动了五次空袭。目前，这些设施在伊拉克境内的确切位置并未公布，也没有人员伤亡报告。“卡塔伊布真主党”是伊拉克的一个民兵组织，得到了伊朗的支持。声明涵盖了一切信息，但并未明确指责该组织在周三对位于巴格达以北的塔吉营军事基地发动了火箭袭击。这起袭击造成两名美国军人和一名英国军人死亡。美国国防部长马克·埃斯珀于今天早些时候暗示了这一点。他说，“我们不允许你们朝我们的基地开枪，还在杀死、伤害美国人后逃之夭夭。”

CHANG: Could this mean a possible escalation⁵ in Iraq like we saw a few months ago?

张：这是否意味着伊拉克局势会像几个月以前那样升级？

MYRE: Right. It's hard to predict, but it is a reminder⁶ of just how volatile⁷ Iraq remains⁸. Now, Kata'ib Hezbollah was blamed for a series of attacks against the U.S. late last year. Andwhen an American was killed in one of those attacks, the U.S. hit back with airstrikes. And thenthat led to violent protests at the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad. And then the U.S. carried outthat big airstrike that killed Qassem Soleimani, a top Iranian official. The Iranians then firedballistic missiles at U.S. bases. So it shows how quickly this can all ramp⁹ up.

迈尔：好。虽然很难预测，但这提醒我们，伊拉克的局势依然动荡。“卡塔伊布真主党”被指责在去年末对美国发动了一系列袭击。当一名美国士兵在其中一起袭击中丧生后，美国用空袭进行了反击。之后，这导致美国驻巴格达大使馆遭暴力抗议。然后，美国发动了大规模空袭，致伊朗高级官员卡西姆·苏莱曼尼死亡。伊朗随后向美国军事基地发射了弹道导弹。这表明了局势加剧的有多快。

CHANG: Now, Iran did promise retaliation¹⁰ for the killing¹¹ of Soleimani, so could the rocketattacks yesterday be part of that?

张：伊朗承诺对苏莱曼尼被杀进行报复，那昨天的火箭袭击会成为其中一种报复手段吗？

MYRE: Well, it certainly raises that suspicion, and Iran often uses proxies¹² to carry out attacks. But we don't know that answer for sure. Also, was this just a one-off attack, or will there bemore? I mean, we saw several of these attacks late last year. The U.S. and Iran are bothdealing with some serious crises — the coronavirus and financial and economic problems. So itwould seem neither scene would have an interest in escalating¹³. But once the shooting starts, it's very hard to control events.

迈尔：这确实引发了人们的怀疑，伊朗经常利用代理人发动袭击。不过目前我们不能确定答案。另外，这只是一次性攻击，还是会有更多攻击？我们在去年末看到过多起这样的袭击。美国和伊朗都在应对严重的危机——冠状病毒以及金融和经济问题。因此，似乎双方都不希望局势升级。但一旦攻击开始，就会极难控制。

CHANG: That is NPR national security correspondent Greg Myre. Thank you, Greg.

张：以上是NPR新闻的国家安全记者格雷格·迈尔带来的报道。谢谢你，格雷格。

MYRE: My pleasure.

迈尔：不客气。

1 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

2 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

3 explicitly   

ad.明确地，显然地

参考例句：

• The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land. 该计划没有明确地支持土地私有制。
• SARA amended section 113 to provide explicitly for a right to contribution. 《最高基金修正与再授权法案》修正了第123条，清楚地规定了分配权。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

4 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

5 escalation   

n.扩大，增加

参考例句：

• The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁仍旧存在。 来自辞典例句
• Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。 来自辞典例句

6 reminder   

n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示

参考例句：

• I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
• It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。

7 volatile   

adj.反复无常的，挥发性的，稍纵即逝的，脾气火爆的；n.挥发性物质

参考例句：

• With the markets being so volatile,investments are at great risk.由于市场那么变化不定，投资冒着很大的风险。
• His character was weak and volatile.他这个人意志薄弱，喜怒无常。

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

9 ramp   

n.暴怒，斜坡，坡道；vi.作恐吓姿势，暴怒，加速；vt.加速

参考例句：

• That driver drove the car up the ramp.那司机将车开上了斜坡。
• The factory don't have that capacity to ramp up.这家工厂没有能力加速生产。

10 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

12 proxies   

n.代表权( proxy的名词复数 )；（测算用的）代替物；（对代理人的）委托书；（英国国教教区献给主教等的）巡游费

参考例句：

• SOCKS and proxies are unavailable. Try connecting to XX again? socks和代理不可用。尝试重新连接到XX吗？ 来自互联网
• All proxies are still down. Continue with direct connections? 所有的代理仍然有故障。继续直接连接吗？ 来自互联网

13 escalating   

v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的现在分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大

参考例句：

• The cost of living is escalating. 生活费用在迅速上涨。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The cost of living is escalating in the country. 这个国家的生活费用在上涨。 来自辞典例句