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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
More than 200,000 people have now died from the coronavirus in the United States. That number comes from researchers at Johns Hopkins University who have been tracking the pandemic. And it means COVID-19 is one of the leading causes of death in the U.S. NPR's Jason Beaubien joins us to help put this in perspective for us.
美国新冠肺炎累计死亡病例突破20万例。这是追踪新冠疫情的约翰霍普金斯大学研究员提供的数据。这意味着新冠肺炎已成为美国主要死因之一。NPR新闻的杰森·博宾将和我们连线，帮助我们进行理解。
And Jason, obviously, we're all living to some degree with effects of the pandemic — virtual school, teleworking, being told to wear masks. But as we hit 200,000 deaths, what can you tell us about who has been dying from this disease, say, demographically?
杰森，从某种程度上来说，显然我们的生活都受到了疫情的影响，比如虚拟学校、远程办公、被要求佩戴口罩等等。现在美国的死亡病例已突破20万例，你能从人口统计学角度来介绍一下死亡病例的情况吗？
JASON BEAUBIEN, BYLINE1: Yeah. If you look at who has been most likely to be killed by this virus in the United States, it's older Black men. And, you know, to be clear, COVID has killed people of all ages. There's been babies that have died, people in their 20s, all ethnicities. The deaths are spread out across all 50 states. But there are some very clear patterns when you look at, who are these 200,000 people who died from this disease this year? Ninety-two percent of all the deaths in the U.S. have been people over the age of 55. African Americans are dying at a rate far higher than anyone else. Black people make up just 13% of the U.S. population, yet they account for 21% of all the coronavirus deaths so far. Latinos are also dying at a rate that's slightly higher than their representation in the population, but the most dramatic is among Black people. This is all the data that's coming from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. And their breakdown2, again, of deaths — we're not talking about cases but deaths — by sex, 54% of the deaths are among men.
杰森·博宾连线：好。如果从谁最可能死于新冠病毒这个角度来说，那答案是年长黑人。要明确的是，新冠肺炎死者涵盖各个年龄层。死者中有婴儿，也有20多岁的青年，涉及各个种族。死亡病例散布美国50个州。但我们仔细观察就会发现非常清晰的模式，今年死于新冠肺炎的20万人都是谁？美国92%的死亡病例年龄在55岁以上。非裔美国人的死亡率远高于其他族裔。黑人在美国人口的占比仅有13%，但目前他们在冠状病毒死亡病例中的占比达到了21%。拉丁裔美国人的死亡率也略高于他们在人口中的占比，但死亡率最高的还是黑人。这些数据均来自美国疾病控制与预防中心。我们现在谈的不是确诊病例，而是死亡病例，从性别角度来看，死亡病例中54%是男性。
PFEIFFER: A lot of disparities — what about compared to other countries, Jason? Has the coronavirus been more deadly here in the U.S.?
菲弗：差异很大，杰森，那与其他国家相比呢？冠状病毒在美国更为致命吗？
BEAUBIEN: You know, in terms of raw numbers of COVID deaths, the U.S. is far higher than anyone. The closest is Brazil. They've had just over 130,000 deaths. But by comparison, like, the U.K. has had 40,000. Italy's had 35,000. The U.S. is a large country — third largest after China and India. And in terms of the fatality3 rates, when you start looking at deaths per one million population, the U.S. still ranks up there globally in the top 10. So compared to other countries, we have not done very well. Some low- and middle-income countries, including, like, Rwanda and Vietnam — they've managed to keep their COVID death numbers incredibly low.
博宾：就新冠肺炎死亡病例的原始数据而言，美国远高于其他国家。在数据上离美国最近的是巴西。巴西的死亡病例刚刚超过13万例。但相比之下，英国的死亡病例为4万例，意大利为3.5万例。美国是人口大国，仅次于中国和印度，排名第三。就死亡率而言，如果从每100万人中的死亡率这个角度来看，美国在全球前十中仍然名次居前。因此，与其他国家相比，美国做得不太好。卢旺达和越南等中低收入国家，都能将新冠肺炎死亡病例控制在令人难以置信的低水平。
PFEIFFER: We've had flare-ups of COVID-19 in different parts of the country at different times. Where are the current trouble spots, in a sense? And then where is the pandemic expected to be worse in the U.S. in coming months?
菲弗：美国不同地区的新冠肺炎疫情在不同时间爆发。那从某种意义上说，目前麻烦的地点是哪里？未来几个月，美国哪个地区的疫情会恶化？
BEAUBIEN: Yeah, so if you go back to, like, late February, this really started to take hold in New York. And even now, when you look at the statistics, the deaths — 23% of all deaths so far from COVID are just in New York and New Jersey4. By March and April, the virus was spreading all over. But again, it was primarily spreading into urban areas. NPR's data wizards — they've been tracking this stuff, and you can look it up on our website. But beginning in March, almost 100% of the cases were in large urban areas. Now, large urban areas only make up 50% of where those cases are occurring, and the rest are in smaller cities and rural areas.
博宾：回顾一下，你会发现疫情从2月底开始在纽约州流行。即使是现在，从数据上来看，有23%的死亡病例出现在纽约州和新泽西州。到3月和4月，病毒开始向各处蔓延。但主要在城市地区传播。NPR新闻的数据向导一直在进行追踪，大家可以在我们的网站上了解相关情况。但从3月份开始，几乎所有病例都发生在大城市地区。现在，大城市地区的病例在所有病例中的占比仅有50%，其余50%出现在小城市和农村地区。
And this growth outside of cities — it's expected to continue. It's a complicating5 factor. You know, testing has been hard enough in places like Baltimore and Houston and Atlanta. And as this pandemic heats up in places with even less access to testing and health care, it's going to pose significant challenges. You know, some experts are saying that the U.S. could easily hit 300,000 deaths by the end of the year, maybe even 400,000 if we get a lot more cases in places where people are struggling to get access to care and where people aren't socially distancing or wearing masks.
而且，预计这种城市之外的病例增长还会持续下去。这是一个复杂的因素。在巴尔的摩、休斯敦和亚特兰大等地，进行测试已经相当困难了。而缺乏测试能力和医疗保健地区的疫情不断恶化，将构成重大威胁。一些专家表示，到今年年底，美国的死亡病例很可能达到30万例，如果难以获得医疗保健和没有实施社交距离或佩戴口罩规定的地区病例大幅增加，那到年底美国的死亡病例可能会达到40万例。
PFEIFFER: Two hundred thousand deaths is a milestone6 number, but put it in perspective for us. How does that 200,000 from COVID compare to other disease in the U.S.?
菲弗：20万例死亡病例，这是一个里程碑式的数字，但请帮助我们理解一下。20万例新冠肺炎死亡病例与美国其他疾病的死亡病例相比如何？
BEAUBIEN: You know, this makes COVID, which didn't even exist a year ago, now the third leading cause of death in this country. Only heart disease and cancer are claiming more lives.
博宾：这使一年前根本不存在的新冠肺炎，成为目前美国第三大死因。只有心脏病和癌症夺走了更多生命。
PFEIFFER: So startling to hear that — that's NPR's Jason Beaubien.
菲弗：这真是太令人吃惊了，以上是NPR新闻的杰森·博宾带来的报道。
Thank you.
BEAUBIEN: You're welcome.
收听单词发音 |
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byline
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| n.署名；v.署名 | |
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breakdown
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| n.垮，衰竭；损坏，故障，倒塌 | |
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fatality
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| n.不幸，灾祸，天命 | |
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jersey
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| n.运动衫 | |
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complicating
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| 使复杂化( complicate的现在分词 ) | |
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milestone
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| n.里程碑；划时代的事件 | |
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