纽约时报 汽油涨价引发抗议 伊朗政府发动血腥镇压(1)

As Angry Citizens Stage Protests, Iran Opened Fire

汽油涨价引发抗议 伊朗政府发动血腥镇压

By Farnaz Fassihi and Rick Gladstone

文/法纳兹·法西亚，里克·格拉德斯通

Iran is experiencing its deadliest political unrest since the Islamic Revolution 40 years ago,

伊斯兰革命距今已有40载，目前，伊朗正经历着伊斯兰革命以来最为严重的政治动荡，

with at least 180 people killed — and possibly hundreds more —

造成了至少180人死亡——实际死亡人数很可能远高于这一数字——

as angry protests have been smothered¹ in a government crackdown of unbridled force.

民众愤怒的抗议活动已经被政府残酷的武力镇压。

It began two weeks ago with an abrupt² increase of at least 50 percent in gasoline prices.

一切还要从两周前，汽油价格突然上涨50%不止开始说起。

Within 72 hours, outraged³ demonstrators in cities large and small

油价上涨不到72小时，愤怒的示威民众就涌上了大小城市的街头，

were calling for an end to the Islamic Republic’s government and the downfall of its leaders.

呼吁推翻现任伊斯兰共和国政府，并要求其领导人下台。

In many places, security forces responded by opening fire on unarmed protesters,

不少地方警卫部队纷纷向手无寸铁的抗议人士开火，

largely unemployed⁴ or low-income young men between the ages of 19 and 26, according to witness accounts and videos.

目击者描述及视频资料显示，抗议者大多是19~26岁的失业或低收入男青年。

In the southwest city of Mahshahr alone, witnesses and medical personnel said,

目击者和医务人员说，仅西南部城市马赫沙赫尔一地，

Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps⁵ members surrounded, shot and killed 40 to 100 demonstrators —

伊斯兰革命卫队就包围，射杀了40~100名示威者——

mostly unarmed young men — in a marsh⁶ where they had sought refuge.

他们大多都是手无寸铁的年轻男子——就在他们避难的沼泽地里。

“The recent use of lethal⁷ force against people throughout the country is unprecedented⁸,

即便对伊斯兰共和国这样的国家，对有着它这样的暴力前科的国家而言，

even for the Islamic Republic and its record of violence,”

本次对各地民众的血腥武力的强度都超过了以往任何一次武力镇压的强度，

said Omid Memarian, the deputy director at the Center for Human Rights in Iran, a New York-based group.

总部纽约的伊朗人权中心副主任奥米德·梅马里安说道。

Altogether, from 180 to 450 people, and possibly more, were killed in four days of intense violence

11月15日有关方面宣布了汽油价格上涨的消息后，激烈的暴力冲突持续了四天时间，

after the gasoline price increase was announced on Nov. 15, with at least 2,000 wounded and 7,000 detained,

总体死亡人数180~450人，实际人数可能更多，此外还有至少2000人受伤，7000人被拘留，

according to international rights organizations, opposition⁹ groups and local journalists.

国际人权组织、反对派团体和当地记者多方透露。

The last enormous wave of protests in Iran — in 2009 after a contested election, which was also met with a deadly crackdown —

伊朗上一次大规模抗议浪潮——发生于2009年，起源于一场颇有争议的选举，也激起了政府的血腥镇压——

left 72 people dead over a much longer period of about 10 months.

造成了72人死亡，但过程比这次漫长得多，持续了大约10个月时间。

Only now, nearly two weeks after the protests were crushed —

现在，抗议被镇压——其消息很大程度上也因该国的断网操作被封锁了起来，

and largely obscured by an internet blackout in the country that was lifted recently —

日前，该国网络才刚刚恢复——已经过去了近两周之后，

have details corroborating¹⁰ the scope of killings¹¹ and destruction started to dribble¹² out.

明确此次杀害和破坏行径规模的细节才刚刚开始被透露出来。

The latest outbursts not only revealed staggering levels of frustration¹³ with Iran’s leaders,

最近的爆发不仅揭示了民众对伊朗领导层极度失望的情绪，

but also underscored the serious economic and political challenges facing them,

也凸显了他们面临的包括特朗普政府对该国施加的严厉制裁产生的挑战，

from the Trump¹⁴ administration’s onerous¹⁵ sanctions on the country

以及日益不稳的中东地区内邻国对伊朗与日俱增的怨恨产生的挑战

to the growing resentment¹⁶ toward Iran by neighbors in an increasingly unstable¹⁷ Middle East.

在内的巨大的经济，政治挑战。

1 smothered   

（使）窒息， （使）透不过气( smother的过去式和过去分词 )； 覆盖； 忍住； 抑制

参考例句：

• He smothered the baby with a pillow. 他用枕头把婴儿闷死了。
• The fire is smothered by ashes. 火被灰闷熄了。

2 abrupt   

adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的

参考例句：

• The river takes an abrupt bend to the west.这河突然向西转弯。
• His abrupt reply hurt our feelings.他粗鲁的回答伤了我们的感情。

3 outraged   

a.震惊的，义愤填膺的

参考例句：

• Members of Parliament were outraged by the news of the assassination. 议会议员们被这暗杀的消息激怒了。
• He was outraged by their behavior. 他们的行为使他感到愤慨。

4 unemployed   

adj.失业的，没有工作的；未动用的，闲置的

参考例句：

• There are now over four million unemployed workers in this country.这个国家现有四百万失业人员。
• The unemployed hunger for jobs.失业者渴望得到工作。

5 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

6 marsh   

n.沼泽，湿地

参考例句：

• There are a lot of frogs in the marsh.沼泽里有许多青蛙。
• I made my way slowly out of the marsh.我缓慢地走出这片沼泽地。

7 lethal   

adj.致死的；毁灭性的

参考例句：

• A hammer can be a lethal weapon.铁锤可以是致命的武器。
• She took a lethal amount of poison and died.她服了致命剂量的毒药死了。

8 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

9 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

10 corroborating   

v.证实，支持（某种说法、信仰、理论等）( corroborate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Neither can one really conclude much from a neat desk, unless there is further corroborating evidence. 实际上，我们也无法从一张整洁的办公桌中得出什么结论，除非还有其它证据进一步证实。 来自互联网

11 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

12 dribble   

v.点滴留下，流口水；n.口水

参考例句：

• Melted wax dribbled down the side of the candle.熔化了的蜡一滴滴从蜡烛边上流下。
• He wiped a dribble of saliva from his chin.他擦掉了下巴上的几滴口水。

13 frustration   

n.挫折，失败，失效，落空

参考例句：

• He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
• He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。

14 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

15 onerous   

adj.繁重的

参考例句：

• My household duties were not particularly onerous.我的家务活并不繁重。
• This obligation sometimes proves onerous.这一义务有时被证明是艰巨的。

16 resentment   

n.怨愤，忿恨

参考例句：

• All her feelings of resentment just came pouring out.她一股脑儿倾吐出所有的怨恨。
• She cherished a deep resentment under the rose towards her employer.她暗中对她的雇主怀恨在心。

17 unstable   

adj.不稳定的，易变的

参考例句：

• This bookcase is too unstable to hold so many books.这书橱很不结实，装不了这么多书。
• The patient's condition was unstable.那患者的病情不稳定。