PBS高端访谈:美国加州200万英亩土地被大火烧毁

JUDY WOODRUFF: Record wildfires are still marching across vast swathes of California tonight and claiming new victims. Fourteen fire crew members were injured today, with three of them hospitalized. The fires have also destroyed scores of homes and other buildings and left hundreds of people to be rescued. Stephanie Sy has our report.

STEPHANIE SY: The glow of destructive flames is consuming many parts of the Golden State. A record-breaking two million-plus acres have burned, and the fire season is barely under way, proof of climate change, said Governor Gavin Newsom today.

GOV. GAVIN NEWSOM (D-CA): But I quite literally¹ have no patience for climate change deniers. It simply follows…completely inconsistent, that point of view, with the reality on the ground.

STEPHANIE SY: The wildfires are sparing no corner of California, with some 20 fire conglomerates² blazing. Several of those are almost completely uncontained. In Fresno County, the Creek³ Fire exploded over the weekend in the Sierra Nevada mountains, destroying many homes and trapping campers who had descended⁴ on the area for the Labor⁵ Day weekend. People were rescued in tough conditions by helicopters dispatched by the Navy and California National Guard. Officials monitoring the massive Bobcat Fire near Los Angeles are warning of possible evacuations and urging non-residents to stay away.

CHRIS MARKS, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department: We do ask the public, if you don't live in the area, please stay out of the area. If you live along the foothills, in the potentially affected⁶ areas, you have time now. Please make preparations for what you want to take with you if you do need to evacuate⁷.

STEPHANIE SY: The wildfires are ignited by both natural forces and human activity. The El Dorado fire system is believed to have sparked when a family used pyrotechnics for a baby's gender⁸ reveal party. Linda Corchran and her husband, who were forced to flee in their motor home, are angered by the negligence⁹.

LINDA CORCHRAN, Evacuee¹⁰: I am upset that people are stupid. I am angry, but not surprised.

STEPHANIE SY: For firefighters on the front lines there, the fight is taking a toll¹¹.

MAN: Three hours of sleep yesterday. It was a good fight last night.

STEPHANIE SY: To prevent more fire ignitions, Pacific Gas & Electric, the state's largest power provider, says it's had to cut electricity to tens of thousands of customers in 22 counties. The record-breaking fires, under record-breaking temperatures, are adding stress to communities coping with the pandemic. 

ELOISA SMITH, California: I get it. I wear the mask, obviously, for the COVID. But then it does help out with the fact that there are ashes everywhere. As you can see, there's ash all over my car. So, you just got to deal with it. 

STEPHANIE SY: Multiple crises colliding in California, the most populous¹² state in the country. For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Stephanie Sy.

朱迪·伍德乐夫：今晚，创纪录的野火仍在肆虐加州大片地区，并造成新的受害者。今天有14名消防队员受伤，其中3人住院治疗。大火还烧毁了数十座房屋和其他建筑物，数百人需要救援。斯蒂芬妮·西为我们报道。

斯蒂芬妮·西：破坏性的大火吞噬了这一黄金州的许多地区。州长加文·纽森今日表示有超过200万英亩的土地已被烧毁，这是气候变化的证据，而火灾季节才刚刚开始。

州长加文·纽森(加州民主党人)：我对否认气候变化的人真的没有耐心，这种观点完全不符合实际情况。

斯蒂芬妮·西：大火肆虐了加州的每一个角落，大约有20个大型火团正在熊熊燃烧，其中一些几乎完全不受控制。在弗雷斯诺县，内华达山脉的克里克山火于周末发生爆炸，摧毁了许多房屋，困住了在劳动节周末来到这里的露营者。人们被海军和加州国民警卫队派出的直升机在恶劣的条件下被救出。监督洛杉矶附近山猫火的官员发出了有可能进行疏散的警告，并敦促非居民远离这里。

克里斯·马克斯，洛杉矶县治安官：我们要求公众，如果你不住在这个地区，那么请远离这里。如果你住在山麓，在潜在的受影响地区，那么你现在还有时间。如果确实需要疏散，请准备好随身携带的物品。

斯蒂芬妮·西：野火是由自然力量和人类活动引起的。人们相信埃尔多拉多的消防系统是一个家庭在为婴儿举行性别揭秘派对时点燃的。琳达·科克伦和她的丈夫被迫坐着房车逃离，他们对这种疏忽感到愤怒。

撤离者琳达·柯克兰：我为人们的愚蠢感到难过，我很生气，但并不惊讶。

斯蒂芬妮·西：这场与大火之间的战斗给在一线的消防员造成了损失。

男子：我昨天只睡了三个小时，昨晚和野火的一战打得很好。

斯蒂芬妮·西：为了防止更多火灾发生，该州最大的电力供应商太平洋燃气电力公司表示，他们不得不切断22个县数万名用户的电力供应。破纪录的火灾，破纪录的气温，增加了社区应对流行病的压力。

爱洛伊莎·史密斯，加利福尼亚：我明白了，我戴着口罩显然是为了防新冠，但它确实帮我解决了到处都是灰烬这个问题，正如你所看到的，我的车里到处都是灰烬，但你必须面对它。

斯蒂芬妮·西：加州是美国人口最多的州，如今多重危机交织在一起。这里是PBS新闻一小时，我是斯蒂芬妮·西。

1 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

2 conglomerates   

n.（多种经营的）联合大企业( conglomerate的名词复数 )；砾岩；合成物；组合物

参考例句：

• At the surface, radioactivity of the conglomerates is locally as high as 30 X background. 在地表，砾岩的局部地段的放射性高达30倍本底值。 来自辞典例句
• The conglomerates failed to understand that books could not be sold like soap. 这些联合大企业不懂卖书不象卖肥皂那样。 来自辞典例句

3 creek   

n.小溪，小河，小湾

参考例句：

• He sprang through the creek.他跳过小河。
• People sunbathe in the nude on the rocks above the creek.人们在露出小溪的岩石上裸体晒日光浴。

4 descended   

a.为...后裔的，出身于...的

参考例句：

• A mood of melancholy descended on us. 一种悲伤的情绪袭上我们的心头。
• The path descended the hill in a series of zigzags. 小路呈连续的之字形顺着山坡蜿蜒而下。

5 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

6 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

7 evacuate   

v.遣送；搬空；抽出；排泄；大(小)便

参考例句：

• We must evacuate those soldiers at once!我们必须立即撤出这些士兵！
• They were planning to evacuate the seventy American officials still in the country.他们正计划转移仍滞留在该国的70名美国官员。

8 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

9 negligence   

n.疏忽，玩忽，粗心大意

参考例句：

• They charged him with negligence of duty.他们指责他玩忽职守。
• The traffic accident was allegedly due to negligence.这次车祸据说是由于疏忽造成的。

10 evacuee   

n.被疏散的人员，被撤走的人员

参考例句：

• A woman sits motionless at an evacuee center for leaked radiation from the damaged fukushima nuclear facilities friday march 25 2011 in soma fukushima prefecture japan.2011年3月25日星期五，日本福岛县相马市，为福岛核设施泄露而设立的避难中心里，一位妇女一动不动地坐在那里。
• Not quite true,said Tom,a 42-year-old evacuee.但汤姆，一位42岁的避难者，说事实不尽然如此。

11 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

12 populous   

adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的

参考例句：

• London is the most populous area of Britain.伦敦是英国人口最稠密的地区。
• China is the most populous developing country in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的发展中国家。