乔布斯传 第101期:划时代的Mac(3)

 Thus they were destined¹ to clash, especially after Jobs was ejected from the Lisa project in September 1980 and began casting around for someplace else to make his mark.

因此，他们两人之间注定会有冲突，尤其是乔布斯在1980年9月被逐出丽萨项目后，他开始寻找其他能让自己创造辉煌的地方。

It was inevitable² that his gaze would fall on the Macintosh project.

不可避免地，他的目光落到了麦金塔项目上。

Raskin's manifestos about an inexpensive machine for the masses, with a simple graphic³ interface⁴ and clean design, stirred his soul.

拉斯金“为大众制造一台拥有简单图形界面和简洁设计的廉价电脑”的宣言触动了乔布斯的心灵。

And it was also inevitable that once Jobs set his sights on the Macintosh project, Raskin's days were numbered.

同样不可避免的是，一旦乔布斯盯上了麦金塔项目，拉斯金的日子也就到头儿了。

"Steve started acting⁵ on what he thought we should do, Jef started brooding, and it instantly was clear what the outcome would be," recalled Joanna Hoffman, a member of the Mac team.

“史蒂夫开始将他的想法灌输给我们，杰夫陷入了苦闷的思考之中，会有怎样的结果一目了然。”Mac团队的成员乔安娜·霍夫曼回忆说。

The first conflict was over Raskin's devotion to the underpowered Motorola 6809 microprocessor⁶.

第一次冲突是关于拉斯金钟爱的低性能微处理器--摩托罗拉6809。

Once again it was a clash between Raskin's desire to keep the Mac's price under $1,000 and Jobs's determination to build an insanely great machine.

这又一次成为了拉斯金将Mac价格控制在1000美元以下的愿望与乔布斯建造一台完美机器的决心之间的冲突。

So Jobs began pushing for the Mac to switch to the more powerful Motorola 68000, which is what the Lisa was using.

于是，乔布斯开始强烈要求Mac换上性能强劲的摩托罗拉68000，这也是当时丽萨使用的微处理器。

Just before Christmas 1980, he challenged Burrell Smith, without telling Raskin, to make a redesigned prototype that used the more powerful chip.

1980年圣诞节前，在没有告知拉斯金的情况下，乔布斯给了伯勒尔·史密斯一个考验战：设计一台使用摩托罗拉68000的样机。

As his hero Wozniak would have done, Smith threw himself into the task around the clock, working nonstop for three weeks and employing all sorts of breathtaking programming leaps.

就像自己的偶像沃兹尼亚克一样，史密斯不分昼夜地投入到了任务当中，工作了3个星期，在编程中运用了各种惊人的创举。

When he succeeded, Jobs was able to force the switch to the Motorola 68000, and Raskin had to brood and recalculate the cost of the Mac.

在他成功之后，乔布斯如愿让所有Mac换上了摩托罗拉68000，拉斯金只能郁闷地重新计算Mac的成本。

There was something larger at stake.

还有更大的麻烦等着拉斯金。

The cheaper microprocessor that Raskin wanted would not have been able to accommodate all of the gee-whiz graphics⁷—windows, menus, mouse, and so on—that the team had seen on the Xerox⁸ PARC visits.

他想要的那款廉价微处理器无法完全驾驭那些酷炫的图形--窗口、菜单、鼠标等他们在施乐PARC见过的东西。

Raskin had convinced everyone to go to Xerox PARC, and he liked the idea of a bitmapped display and windows,

当初正是拉斯金说服大家去参观了施乐PARC，而且他本人也很喜欢位图显示和窗口的概念。

but he was not as charmed by all the cute graphics and icons¹⁰, and he absolutely detested¹¹ the idea of using a point- and-click mouse rather than the keyboard.

但是他并不迷恋那些漂亮的图形和图标，也很反感用鼠标取代键盘的想法。

"Some of the people on the project became enamored of the quest to do everything with the mouse," he later groused¹².

“项目里的一些人过于追求用鼠标完成所有操作了，”他后来埋怨说，

"Another example is the absurd application of icons.

“还有一个例子就是滥用图标，

An icon⁹ is a symbol equally incomprehensible in all human languages. There's a reason why humans invented phonetic¹³ languages."

在所有的人类语言中，图标都是一种很让人费解的符号。人类发明表音文字是有原因的。”

1 destined   

adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的

参考例句：

• It was destined that they would marry.他们结婚是缘分。
• The shipment is destined for America.这批货物将运往美国。

2 inevitable   

adj.不可避免的，必然发生的

参考例句：

• Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
• The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。

3 graphic   

adj.生动的，形象的，绘画的，文字的，图表的

参考例句：

• The book gave a graphic description of the war.这本书生动地描述了战争的情况。
• Distinguish important text items in lists with graphic icons.用图标来区分重要的文本项。

4 interface   

n.接合部位，分界面；v.(使)互相联系

参考例句：

• My computer has a network interface,which allows me to get to other computers.我的计算机有网络接口可以与其它计算机连在一起。
• This program has perspicuous interface and extensive application. 该程序界面明了，适用范围广。

5 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

6 microprocessor   

n.微信息处理机

参考例句：

• I've got a typerwriter with a microprocessor.我有一台装有微处理机的打字机。
• I decided to write a program for a microprocessor.我决定为微处理机编制一套程序。

7 graphics   

n.制图法，制图学；图形显示

参考例句：

• You've leveraged your graphics experience into the video area.你们把图形设计业务的经验运用到录像业务中去。
• Improved graphics took computer games into a new era.经改进的制图技术将电脑游戏带进了一个新时代。

8 xerox   

n./v.施乐复印机，静电复印

参考例句：

• Xerox and Lucent are two more high-tech companies run by women.施乐和朗讯是另外两家由女性经营的大科技公司。
• You cannot take it home,but you can xerox it.你不能把它带回家，但可以复印。

9 icon   

n.偶像，崇拜的对象，画像

参考例句：

• They found an icon in the monastery.他们在修道院中发现了一个圣像。
• Click on this icon to align or justify text.点击这个图标使文本排齐。

10 icons   

n.偶像( icon的名词复数 )；（计算机屏幕上表示命令、程序的）符号，图像

参考例句：

• Distinguish important text items in lists with graphic icons. 用图标来区分重要的文本项。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• Daemonic icons should only be employed persistently if they provide continuous, useful status information. 只有会连续地提供有用状态信息的情况下，后台应用程序才应该一直使用图标。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

11 detested   

v.憎恶，嫌恶，痛恨( detest的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• They detested each other on sight. 他们互相看着就不顺眼。
• The freethinker hated the formalist; the lover of liberty detested the disciplinarian. 自由思想者总是不喜欢拘泥形式者，爱好自由者总是憎恶清规戒律者。 来自辞典例句

12 groused   

v.抱怨，发牢骚( grouse的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• When they groused about the parking regulations, they did it with good humor. 他们总是非常幽默地表达对泊车规定的不满。 来自辞典例句
• It was a sad end to her career but she never groused. 这是她事业的不幸结局，但她从不抱怨。 来自辞典例句

13 phonetic   

adj.语言的，语言上的，表示语音的

参考例句：

• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。
• English phonetic teaching is an important teaching step in elementary stages.语音教学是英语基础阶段重要的教学环节。