时差N小时 无意识行为与心理学(上)

Social psychologists have long been intrigued¹ by what they call automatic² behavior–the ways people react to stimuli³ without consciously thinking about their actions.

长期以来，社会心理学家一直对"无意识行为"十分感兴趣，这是人们面临刺激时产生的下意识的反应。

All Hot And Bothered

烦躁不安

In fact, it seems that most people can be unconsciously influenced to behave in certain ways.

其实，大部分人都会下意识做出某种特定的行为。

For example, in one experiment, participants were told to unscramble sentences using words such as “bother”, “disturb”, and “obnoxious.”

例如，在一项实验中，参与者被要求用“烦扰”，“打搅”和“可恶”等词来整理句子。

When they completed the task, these participants were more likely to act rudely than participants who were given words such as “patient” and “appreciate.”

任务结束后，这些参与者的举止比用“耐心”和“赞赏”等词汇整理语句的参与者更容易粗鲁。

But wait, things get even more interesting.

等一下。事情越来越有趣了。

After being asked to unscramble sentences using words such as “old, ancient, Florida, and retired,”

实验要求参与者用“老年，古老的，佛罗里达，退休”等词整理句子，

participants tended to walk more slowly when leaving the experiment, even though slowness was not mentioned.

当他们离开实验室时，他们更倾向于减慢步伐，虽然实验中并未出现“缓慢”一词。

1 intrigued   

adj.好奇的，被迷住了的v.搞阴谋诡计(intrigue的过去式)；激起…的兴趣或好奇心；“intrigue”的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• You've really intrigued me—tell me more! 你说的真有意思—再给我讲一些吧！
• He was intrigued by her story. 他被她的故事迷住了。

2 automatic   

adj.自动的；不经思考的，习惯性的；当然的

参考例句：

• Breathing is an automatic function of the body.呼吸是身体的一种无意识的功能。
• Modern trains have automatic doors.现代火车装有自动门。

3 stimuli   

n.刺激（物）

参考例句：

• It is necessary to curtail or alter normally coexisting stimuli.必需消除或改变正常时并存的刺激。
• My sweat glands also respond to emotional stimuli.我的汗腺对情绪刺激也能产生反应。