时代周刊:推倒一个“变质”的偶像(1)

Taking down a tarnished¹ icon²

推倒一个“变质”的偶像

THE NEWS THAT AUNG SAN SUU KYI HAD BEEN overthrown³ in a coup⁴ spread through Myanmar like a shock wave.

昂山素季在政变中被推翻的消息像冲击波一样在缅甸传开。

"Most of the citizens 100% depend on her," says Kyaw Kyaw, a 28-year-old LGBTQ activist⁵ who lives in Yangon, the Southeast Asian nation's largest city. "Everyone was frustrated⁶ and scared."

住在缅甸最大城市仰光的28岁LGBTQ激进分子觉觉说：“大多数市民都是100%仰仗她，大家都感到沮丧和害怕。”

Myanmar's de facto leader was idolized even before she came to office.

这位缅甸实际上的领导人甚至在她上台之前就被奉为偶像。

During the 15 years that the junta⁷ kept her under house arrest, many secretly kept pictures of Suu Kyi in their homes.

在军政府软禁昂山素季的15年时间里，许多人在家中秘密保存了她的照片。

After her release, her party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), won elections in 2015, ending decades of military rule.

在她获释后，她的政党全国民主联盟(NLD)在2015年赢得了选举，结束了数十年的军事统治。

The country's struggle for democracy has always centered on Suu Kyi.

缅甸争取民主的斗争一直以昂山素季为中心。

Now that the military has her in detention⁸ again—reportedly facing trumped-up charges of violating import-export laws—there are few capable of uniting resistance to the generals' emergency rule.

现在，军方再次拘留了她——据报道，她面临着捏造的违反进出口法的指控——几乎没有人有能力联合起来抵抗将军们的紧急统治。

"When she disappeared, nobody knew what to do," says Kyaw Kyaw.

“她消失后，没人知道该怎么办，”觉觉说。

The truth is that the military never really lost control. Despite the reforms of recent years, the Tatmadaw—as the army is officially known— retained control of key ministries⁹.

事实上，军队从未真正失去控制。尽管近年来进行了改革，缅甸军队(军队的官方名称)仍然控制着关键部门。

A 2008 constitution guaranteed it 25% of the seats in parliament and a veto over any constitutional amendment¹⁰.

2008年的宪法保证了它在议会中拥有25%的席位和对任何宪法修正案的否决权。

But the NLD's resounding¹¹ victory in a Nov. 8 election, claiming over 80% of the vote, was too much democracy for the generals to bear.

但是全国民主联盟在11月8日的选举中取得了压倒性的胜利，宣称获得了超过80%的选票，这对将军们来说太过民主，难以承受。

The military claimed widespread fraud and has now declared emergency rule until the election can be run again. It is not clear what form that vote will take.

军方声称存在普遍舞弊现象，并宣布进入紧急状态，直到再次举行选举。目前还不清楚这次投票将采取何种形式。

How far the military goes will hinge on how compliant¹² civilian¹³ leaders are and the scale of popular resistance, says Dan Slater, director of the Weiser Center for Emerging Democracies at the University of Michigan.

密歇根大学威瑟新兴民主中心主任斯莱特说，军方能走多远将取决于文职领导人的顺从程度和民众抵抗的规模。

But the political future of the country's most prominent leader looks uncertain at best, he says. "Banning Aung San Suu Kyi could very well be one of the military's main wishes or demands."

但他说，但是这个国家最杰出的领导人的政治前途看起来不确定，“给昂山素季下禁令很可能是军方的主要愿望或要求之一。”

THE WOMAN ONCE CALLED a "beacon¹⁴ of hope" by President Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991 for her nonviolent resistance against the junta.

这位曾被奥巴马总统称为“希望的灯塔”的妇女因非暴力抵抗军政府而在1991年获得了诺贝尔和平奖。

After her release in 2010, she became an even greater icon of human rights, mentioned in the same breath as Gandhi or Mandela.

2010年获释后，她成为更伟大的人权偶像，和甘地、曼德拉平起平坐。

With the help of the U.S. and other nations loosening economic sanctions, she helped usher¹⁵ her country through a series of reforms, including the historic 2015 vote.

在美国和其他国家放松经济制裁的帮助下，她帮助自己的国家通过了一系列改革，包括2015年的那次历史性投票。

1 tarnished   

（通常指金属）（使）失去光泽，（使）变灰暗( tarnish的过去式和过去分词 )； 玷污，败坏

参考例句：

• The mirrors had tarnished with age. 这些镜子因年深日久而照影不清楚。
• His bad behaviour has tarnished the good name of the school. 他行为不轨，败坏了学校的声誉。

2 icon   

n.偶像，崇拜的对象，画像

参考例句：

• They found an icon in the monastery.他们在修道院中发现了一个圣像。
• Click on this icon to align or justify text.点击这个图标使文本排齐。

3 overthrown   

adj. 打翻的，推倒的，倾覆的 动词overthrow的过去分词

参考例句：

• The president was overthrown in a military coup. 总统在军事政变中被赶下台。
• He has overthrown the basic standards of morality. 他已摒弃了基本的道德标准。

4 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

5 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。

6 frustrated   

adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧

参考例句：

• It's very easy to get frustrated in this job. 这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
• The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们出行的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 junta   

n.团体；政务审议会

参考例句：

• The junta reacted violently to the perceived threat to its authority.军政府感到自身权力受威胁而进行了激烈反击。
• A military junta took control of the country.一个军政权控制了国家。

8 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

9 ministries   

（政府的）部( ministry的名词复数 )； 神职； 牧师职位； 神职任期

参考例句：

• Local authorities must refer everything to the central ministries. 地方管理机构应请示中央主管部门。
• The number of Ministries has been pared down by a third. 部委的数量已经减少了1/3。

10 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

11 resounding   

adj. 响亮的

参考例句：

• The astronaut was welcomed with joyous,resounding acclaim. 人们欢声雷动地迎接那位宇航员。
• He hit the water with a resounding slap. 他啪的一声拍了一下水。

12 compliant   

adj.服从的，顺从的

参考例句：

• I don't respect people who are too compliant.我看不起那种唯命是从，唯唯诺诺的人。
• For years I had tried to be a compliant and dutiful wife.几年来，我努力做一名顺从和尽职尽职的妻子。

13 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

14 beacon   

n.烽火，（警告用的）闪火灯，灯塔

参考例句：

• The blink of beacon could be seen for miles.灯塔的光亮在数英里之外都能看见。
• The only light over the deep black sea was the blink shone from the beacon.黑黢黢的海面上唯一的光明就只有灯塔上闪现的亮光了。

15 usher   

n.带位员，招待员；vt.引导，护送；vi.做招待，担任引座员

参考例句：

• The usher seated us in the front row.引座员让我们在前排就座。
• They were quickly ushered away.他们被迅速领开。