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实用英语综合教程第一册-1

时间:2007-01-09 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:jimhe   字体: [ ]
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UNIT 1
Text A

PRE-READING TASK

Exercise 1
Consider the questions before reading the passage.

1. Is your college life the same as you expected?
2. What came into your mind when you became a college student?
3. Are people around you at college nice and friendly to you?

Now compare your answers with those of your neighbours'.

College - A New Experience

1. College is a new and different experience for me. I'm away from home, so I have many things to adjust to. Being on my own, talking with friendly people, and having Fridays off -- these are just some things I like about college.
2. Living at college, first of all, gives me a sense of responsibility, of being on my own. My parents aren't around to say, "No, you're not going out tonight" or "Did you finish your homework?" Everything I do has to be my decision, and that gives me the responsibility of handling my own life. During the second week I was at college, I had to go out and look for a bank where I could open an account. Before that I looked in the phone book since I had no clue about any banks around here or where they were located. Someone told me about a good bank: Continental1 Federal2 Savings3. I went to the bank and made decisions for myself -- whether to have a checking or savings account and whether or not to get a MASTER card. That was one example of having responsibility now that I'm on my own and of making my own decisions.
3. Friendly people: that's another aspect I like about college. On my first day (and even now) people were nice to me. I came to Marymount University here in Virginia from New York and -- even though I'd been here before -- I was a bit confused about where I was going. My mother and I drove in, not knowing the building we were supposed to go to, and the guard was especially nice: with a smile, he told us what building we were looking for and where we could park our car. My room was on the first floor of New Gerard, and I knew I had to go through some glass doors -- but my mother and I didn't know which ones. Some upperclassmen saw me and asked, "Are you a new student?" When they found out I was looking for New Gerard, one said, "Oh, just follow us; that's where we're going." Even now I feel comfortable in the dorm because there are friendly people around to talk with.
4. Finally -- to add to my likes of college -- I love having Fridays off; I wouldn't be able to cope4 with five days of classes in a row. Also, I love to sleep in. One Thursday night, my roommate and I and the people across the hall went to Georgetown. We got in rather early the next morning, and my roommate (Juanita) and I decided5 to sleep in, something I couldn't do in high school.
5. I do like things about college -- being on my own, talking with friendly people, having Fridays off, but this doesn't mean I don't think about things at home. Although I like college, I can still get homesick: New York is a pretty good place, too.

New Words

adjust
v. 调整,适应于

responsibility
n. 责任,责任心

tonight
ad. on or during the night of today 在今夜
n. the night of today 今夜

handle
v. 1. to deal with; control 处理,应付,操纵
2. to treat 对待,处理


account
n. 1. 账目,账户
2. a written or spoken report or story 报道,叙述

clue
n. something that helps to find an answer to a question, difficulty, etc.线索,暗示

locate
v. to fix or set in a certain place 把...设置在,使...坐落于

continental
a. 大陆的

federal
a. 联邦的,联邦制的

savings
n. 储蓄(金)

aspect
n. a certain side of many-sided state of affairs, idea, plan, etc. (问题、事物等的)方面

confuse
v. 使...困惑,把...弄糊涂

upperclassman
n. (美)高年级学生,大学三(四)年级学生

dorm
n. (=dormitory)集体寝室,宿舍

cope
v. to deal successfully (with something) 妥善处理

roommate
n. 住同室的人

homesick
a. feeling a great wish to be at home, when away from it想家的,患怀乡病的

Phrases and Expressions

adjust to
适应于

on one's own
独立地

have ... off
休假

first of all
首先

look for
寻找

open an account
开账户

make a decision
作出决定

now that
既然,因为

find out
了解到,发现

add to
给...增添

cope with
处理

in a row
连续地

sleep in
迟起,睡懒觉

Proper Names

Continental Federal Savings
大陆联邦储蓄银行

MASTER card
万事达信用卡

Marymount University
玛丽芒特大学

Virginia
弗吉尼亚州(美国州名)

New York
1. 纽约州(美国州名)
2. 纽约市(美国城市)

New Gerard
新吉拉德大楼

Georgetown
乔治敦区(华盛顿市内西部一住宅区)

Juanita
胡安妮塔(人名)


Text B

PRE-READING TASK

Exercise 1
Before reading the passage, think over the questions to see if you can answer them.

1. How do you read a textbook?
2. Do you like to take notes while reading?
3. Do you often review what you have just read? Why or why not?

Now read the passage and compare your answers with the suggestions of the author's.

How to Study Read

1. Most students don't know how to study read. They usually open their textbooks to the assigned7 page and start reading. But before long, their minds have wandered off somewhere. Or they read and mark up the pages by underlining everything that seems important. Study reading is different from regular reading. You are expected to remember more, and in most cases, will be tested on what you read. Here is a four-step method for study reading that can help improve comprehension and promote retention8 of what is read.

Step One: Prepare to Read

2. It's important to prepare yourself to read. Much time can be lost when you try to plunk yourself into reading an assigned chapter when your mind isn't ready. Because you can think faster than you can read, your mind can easily go into daydreams10 or other thoughts if you aren't ready to read an assignment. The wisest thing to do is to skim11 over the chapter to be read. Let the title sink in. Read an opening paragraph or two to see what the chapter is about. Then read the headings and subheadings. Next read the summary or the last couple of paragraphs. It may not make a lot of sense, but your mind will begin to clear out other thoughts. You'll begin to think about the content of the chapter. If there are study questions at the end of the chapter, read those. Having questions about what you are reading helps concentration12 and gives you a purpose for reading.

Step Two: Read

3. After you've looked over the chapter, you are ready to read. If you don't have any questions about the content of the chapter, make some up. You can do this by turning the title and headings into questions. If you are reading a long chapter, don't try to read too much at once. It's better if you read from one heading to the next. Then stop and follow Step Three below. If there are no headings in the chapter, read about two pages; then stop and follow Step Three below.

Step Three: Examine What You Read

4. By reading only short passages and then stopping, you stand a better chance of concentrating on the chapter's content. The third step is now to examine what you read. Put the textbook aside, and write some notes in your own words. In a few key words or phrases, write down the major points you just read. Research shows that doing this aids comprehension and retention for future tests. If you don't believe in taking reading notes, at least try to recite to yourself the key points you just read. When you are satisfied you understand what you read, then read from the next heading to the next, stopping every once in a while to take notes or go over what you read. Follow this step until you are finished with the chapter. Though this may seem slow, as you practice this study reading technique, you'll discover it's really faster because you don't waste time by losing concentration or having to reread what you've read.

Step Four: Plan to Review

5. This last step does not take place immediately after you read, but it's very important for remembering what you read and can mean the difference between a C and an A on a test. You should make a definite plan to review your reading notes every week. As you move through a course, you have more and more to learn. You can't remember it all. In fact, unless we review every week what has been studied before, we can forget over 80 percent of what we read. So plan to review once a week. Go over your notes. If they don't make sense when you review, go back to the chapter and reread what isn't clear. (It's important to write chapter titles and page references14 to key points in your notes so you can find things quickly when you review.
6. Research shows it's not so much how long you study that gets good grades, but how well and how often you study. Try this four-step method (PREP) and watch those grades go up.

New Words

assign6
v. 1. to give 分配
2. 委派,指派

wander
v. 1. to move away (from the main idea)离题,离开正道
2. to move about (an area) without a fixed15 course and aim 漫游,闲逛

underline
v. 划线于...之下

seem
v. to appear 好像,似乎

case
n. 1. a state of affairs 情况,状况
2. an example事例,实例

method
n. a way or manner (of doing)方法,办法

comprehension
n. the ability of the mind to understand 理解力,理解

promote
v. 1. to support; help in the growth of 促进,助长
2. to advance (someone) in position or rank 提升

retention
n. 1. 记忆(力)
2. 保持,保留

plunk
v. 砰地投入,扑通一声落下

chapter
n. one of the main parts of a book or long article 章,回

easily
ad. without difficulty 容易地

daydream9
n. 1. (思想)开小差
2. 幻想,空想

assignment
n. a piece of work given to the students 指定的(课外)作业

skim
v. 1. to read quickly to get the main ideas 略读,快读
2. 擦过,滑过

title
n. 1. a name given to a book, play, etc. 标题
2. 权利,资格

paragraph
n. (文章的)段,节

subheading
n. 小标题,副标题

summary
n. 摘要,概要

content
n. 1. the subject matter of a book, paper, etc. 内容
2. 容量,含量

concentration
n. close or complete attention 专心,集中

purpose
n. 意图,目的

concentrate
v. 1. to keep or direct (all one's thoughts, efforts, attention, etc.) 集中,全神贯注
2. to (cause to) come together in or around one place 集中

aside
ad. to or towards the side 在旁边

phrase
n. a small group of words 短语,词组

major
a. greater when compared with others, in size, number, or importance 主要的,较大范围的

aid
v. to help; support 帮助,援助
n. help or support 帮助,援助

recite
v. to say (sth. learned) aloud from memory 背诵,朗诵

technique
n. 1. 技巧
2. 技术,工艺

definite
a. without any uncertainty16; clear 明确的,确切的

reference13
n. 1. 参考
2. 提及,涉及

Phrases and Expressions

before long
不久,很快

mark up
把...标出

in most cases
在大多数情况下

sink in
被理解,被理会

make sense
讲得通,有意义,可行

clear out
把...清出

at the end of
在末尾

look over
 把...看一遍

make up
编造

turn...into
把...变成,使...成为

at once
一次

stand a good chance
很有可能

concentrate on
专心于,全神贯注于

put...aside
把...放在一边

a few
 一些

write down
写下,记下

believe in
相信...的效果,相信...可行

at least
至少

once in a while
偶尔,间或

go over
仔细地阅读一遍,浏览

take place
发生,举行

in fact
事实上,实际上

go up
上升,增长


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 continental Zazyk     
adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的
参考例句:
  • A continental climate is different from an insular one.大陆性气候不同于岛屿气候。
  • The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old.大陆地壳最古老的部分有40亿年历史。
2 federal RkSxm     
adj.联盟的;联邦的;(美国)联邦政府的
参考例句:
  • Switzerland is a federal republic.瑞士是一个联邦共和国。
  • The schools are screaming for federal aid.那些学校强烈要求联邦政府的援助。
3 savings ZjbzGu     
n.存款,储蓄
参考例句:
  • I can't afford the vacation,for it would eat up my savings.我度不起假,那样会把我的积蓄用光的。
  • By this time he had used up all his savings.到这时,他的存款已全部用完。
4 cope aZhyU     
v.(with)竞争,对抗;对付,妥善处理
参考例句:
  • He had a lot of work,but he was able to cope.他的活虽多,但还能应付得来。
  • They have to cope with a mountain of problems.他们得应付成堆的问题。
5 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
6 assign uvOzN     
vt.派,指派;分配,分派;指定或选定
参考例句:
  • It is possible to assign an exact date to this building.这座建筑物的确切年代是可以确定的。
  • It's difficult to assign any reason for the failure.失败的原因很难确定。
7 assigned gyezob     
adj.选定的;被布置的
参考例句:
  • But read-only values are different,in that they are assigned at runtime.但是只读的值是不同的,因为它们是在运行时被赋值的。
8 retention HBazK     
n.保留,保持,保持力,记忆力
参考例句:
  • They advocate the retention of our nuclear power plants.他们主张保留我们的核电厂。
  • His retention of energy at this hour is really surprising.人们惊叹他在这个时候还能保持如此旺盛的精力。
9 daydream jvGzVa     
v.做白日梦,幻想
参考例句:
  • Boys and girls daydream about what they want to be.孩子们遐想着他们将来要干什么。
  • He drifted off into another daydream.他飘飘然又做了一个白日梦。
10 daydreams 6b57d1c03c8b2893e2fe456dbdf42f5b     
n.白日梦( daydream的名词复数 )v.想入非非,空想( daydream的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • Often they gave themselves up to daydreams of escape. 他们常沉溺进这种逃避现实的白日梦。 来自英汉文学
  • I would become disgusted with my futile daydreams. 我就讨厌自己那种虚无的梦想。 来自辞典例句
11 skim preyr     
vt.撇(去);掠过;浏览,略读;vi.浏览
参考例句:
  • It took me an hour to skim the book.我费了一个小时把这本书草草地读了一遍。
  • He tried to skim off the best players from the local school teams.他试图从当地学校的球队中选拔出一批最好的球员。
12 concentration 1XAyU     
n.集中;专注;浓度;浓缩
参考例句:
  • She wrinkled her brows in concentration.她蹙额皱眉,陷入沉思。
  • If smoke is going that way,then it means the concentration here should be decreasing.如果烟雾沿着这个方向飘,这意味着,这里的浓度应该是减少的。
13 reference IACzU     
n.提到,说到,暗示,查看,查阅
参考例句:
  • We spent days going through all related reference material.我们花了好多天功夫查阅所有有关的参考资料。
  • I like to have my reference books within my reach.我喜欢把参考书放到伸手可取的地方。
14 references 44a2dc91e1e21b653fd7ff6c63eca555     
n.参考( reference的名词复数 );证明书;(为方便查询所用的)标记;(帮助或意见的)征求
参考例句:
  • Applications with a full curriculum vitae and two references should reach the Principal by June 12th. 申请书连同完整个人简历和两份推荐信必须在6月12日以前送达校长处。
  • The book is full of references to growing up in India. 这本书谈到许多在印度怎样长大成人的事。
15 fixed JsKzzj     
adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的
参考例句:
  • Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗?
  • Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定,我们就不应该随意改变。
16 uncertainty NlFwK     
n.易变,靠不住,不确知,不确定的事物
参考例句:
  • Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
  • After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后,压力开始产生影响了。
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