走遍全世界37: 辐射使日本农业经济受损

Japan's nuclear crisis may mean greater demand for imported food and less competition from Japanese products on world markets. But it also means that Japanese farmers and others who make and sell food have to worry about their future.

日本陷入了核危机，这意味着日本对进口食品的需求量增大，而其产品在世界市场上的竞争力也会因此减弱。但是同时也意味着日本农民以及其他制造和销售食品的人要为自己的未来担忧了。

Yasumichi Tanaka sells fish at one of Japan's busiest fish markets. But now there are fewer fish to sell. He says: "Fish supplies from the radiation-contaminated regions have been totally halted."

安通·藤村俊二在日本最繁忙的一个鱼市买鱼。但是现在鱼的供货量减少。他说：“受到辐射污染的地区的鱼已经完全停止供货。”

The rediation is from the Fukushima nuclear power station that was damaged by the March eleventh earthquake and tsunami¹. The extent of the problems are still not clear.

辐射来源于在3月11日的地震和海啸中受损的福岛核电站。目前，问题的严重程度仍不清楚。

Last Firday, China joined a number of other countries that have banned imports of food from the affected² areas. Chinese media said the banned items include milk products, fruit, vegetables and seafood³.

上周五，中国加入其他几个国家的行列，禁止从日本受影响地区进口食品。据中国媒体报道，被禁止的食品包括奶制品、水果、蔬菜和海产品。

Singapore also has a ban in place. Restaurant manager Connie Hon says some people are worried about eating Japanese food.

新加坡也出台了禁令。餐馆经理康尼·汉韩表示，一些人现在对食用日本食品感到担忧。

The United States has also banned foods from radiation-affected areas, and so has the Japanese government itself.

美国也已经禁止从受辐射影响地区进口食品，日本政府也是如此。

Radioactive particles travel in the wind and get absorbed into soil with the help of rain and snow. Then plant roots take up the material and the plants become contaminated. Animals eat the plants and their products become contaminated.

放射性颗粒随风飘浮，在雨雪的作用下被土壤吸收。然后，植物根茎吸收了放射性物质后会被污染。食用了这些植物的动物和动物产品也会被污染。

Some kinds of radiation stay in the environment longer than others.

其中一些辐射在环境中留存的时间比其他辐射更长。

Medical physicist⁴ Jerrold Bushberg is a radiation expert at the University of California, Davis. Professor Bushberg says removing the topsoil might make the land safe for use. But it depends on the depth of the radioactive material. And for now, he says, it is too early to take any measures.

医学物理学家杰罗德·布什伯格是加州大学戴维斯分校的辐射问题专家。布什伯格教授表示，除去表层土壤可以保障土地的使用安全。但是这取决于放射性物质的深度。他说，目前来说，采取任何措施都还为时过早。

Experts say the ocean will help dilute⁵ radiation in seawater. But the tsunami also destroyed seafood, sank fishing boats and leveled processing plants.

专家表示，海洋可以帮助稀释海水中的辐射。但是海啸同时也为海产品带来毁灭性的破坏，使渔船沉没，使工厂被夷为平地。

英语词汇整理：

1. radiation n. 辐射；发光；放射物

eg: They suffer from health problems and fear the long term effects of radiation.
他们受健康问题的困扰，还担心遭受辐射造成的长期影响。

短语：
heat radiation 热辐射
ultraviolet radiation 紫外线；紫外线照射
solar radiation 太阳辐射；日光照射

2. contaminate vt. 污染，弄脏

eg: Have any fish been contaminated in the Arctic Ocean?
北冰洋里有鱼受到污染了吗?

短语：
contaminate food 污染食物
space contaminate 空间污染

3. halt vi. 停止；立定

eg: The soldiers halted for a rest.
士兵们停下来休息。

短语：
come to a halt 停止前进；停下来
halt on 出错暂停
system halt 系统中止；死机
grind to a halt 慢慢停止
call a halt命令停止

4. tsunami n. 海啸

eg: A terrible tsunami followed the earthquake.
一场骇人的海啸跟随地震而来。

短语：
financial tsunami 金融海啸；金融风暴
tsunami warning system 地震海啸警报系统

5. ban vt. 禁止，取缔

eg: Canada will ban smoking in all offices later this year.
加拿大将于今年晚些时候禁止在所有办公场所吸烟。

短语：
ban from 禁止
lift the ban 解禁；取消禁令
renew a ban against 恢复对……的禁令
withdraw a ban 取消禁令

6. particle n. 颗粒

eg: We can see the dust particles floating in the sunlight clearly.
我们可以很清楚地看到阳光下的灰尘颗粒。

短语：
elementary particle 基本粒子
emit a particle 射出一颗粒子

7. topsoil n. 表层土；上层土

eg: This topsoil tends to wash away.
表层土壤要冲掉了。

短语：
topsoil cover 表土保护层
urban topsoil 城市表层土壤

8. dilute adj. 稀释的；淡的

eg: The doctor told him to bathe his eyes with a very dilute solution of boric acid.
医生叮嘱他用稀释的硼酸溶液洗他的眼睛。

短语：
dilute with 用……冲淡；用……稀释
dilute influence 削弱影响力

佳句采摘：
Last Firday, China joined a number of other countries that have banned imports of food from the affected areas. Chinese media said the banned items include milk products, fruit, vegetables and seafood.
上周五，中国加入其他几个国家的行列，禁止从日本受影响地区进口食品。据中国媒体报道，被禁止的食品包括奶制品、水果、蔬菜和海产品。

1 tsunami   

n.海啸

参考例句：

• Powerful quake sparks tsunami warning in Japan.大地震触发了日本的海啸预警。
• Coastlines all around the Indian Ocean inundated by a huge tsunami.大海啸把印度洋沿岸地区都淹没了。

2 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

3 seafood   

n.海产食品，海味，海鲜

参考例句：

• There's an excellent seafood restaurant near here.离这儿不远有家非常不错的海鲜馆。
• Shrimps are a popular type of seafood.小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。

4 physicist   

n.物理学家，研究物理学的人

参考例句：

• He is a physicist of the first rank.他是一流的物理学家。
• The successful physicist never puts on airs.这位卓有成就的物理学家从不摆架子。

5 dilute   

vt.稀释，冲淡；adj.稀释的，冲淡的

参考例句：

• The water will dilute the wine.水能使酒变淡。
• Zinc displaces the hydrogen of dilute acids.锌置换了稀酸中的氢。