世界500强CEO访谈 第41期:强生集团韦尔登 内外创新兼修(2)

 　　So we have a lot of both formal and informal ways that we can create this environment. Probably the last thing that we do which has been very successful is we’ve created our own Internet for our scientists, so that they can go online and see what others are doing and communicate with each other. Then if there’s an interest in one area, they can get skunk¹ work people to get together, think about those areas and work together to bring products to the market.

　　因此，我们有许多正式和非正式的方式创造这种环境。也许最后一件我们做的很成功的事情就是，我们为科学家创造了我们自己的因 特网，那样他们就可以上线看到他人在做些什么，并且可以彼此之间进行交流。如果他们对某一个领域产生了兴趣，他们就可以把不同领域的人集合起来共同思考，并一起努力将生产出来的产品推向市场。

　　Reporter: What are the major challenges facing drug and healthcare companies, both in the US and abroad?

　　记者：无论是在美国还是在其他国家，药材和卫生保健公司所面临的主要挑战都有什么呢？

　　Weldon: If you look at the cost of health care, I think it’s a responsibility we all have to figure out how to get it under control. It’s driven by demographics. It’s driven by the aging population, the emerging² middle class in other parts of the world and technology. People want to live longer, they want to live better and they want to live healthier. I think that we have a couple of responsibilities. One is to get up front and look at prevention and wellness, healthy people and how do you keep them healthy and treat them on the other end, where they need the treatment. And so the cost of health care is a big challenge. I think that the regulatory environment has become another huge challenge. People are looking for products that can be risk free. You get up in the morning and you walk across the street-that’s not risk free. So don’t think that you’re going to be able to deliver a product in a patient. Drugs by definition³ have good effects and side effects. I’ve had a knee replaced and you know there’s a risk associated with having your knee replaced; mine has worked out extremely well. But it could have also gone another way. There are all kinds of issues there and I think that everybody is looking for this risk free environment—and it's not risk free. There are risks associated with it. I think that we have to define⁴ them. We have to do good research. We have to look at evidence-based medicine and see what is going to come out of it. But I think that the regulatory environments have become somewhat⁵ risk averse⁶, if you will, in trying to find out everything. And usually with patients, many times you don’t find everything out because of the way somebody may use a product or what not.

　　韦尔登：如果去看一下卫生保健的费用，我想我们每个人都有责任，应该将其控制在一定的范围之内。那是由人□特征决定的，由老龄人□决定的，和其他地区出现的中产阶级决定的。人们想要生活得更久、更好、更健康，所以我认为我们肩负一定的责任。首先我们应该去看一下预防和保健，那些健康的人们是如何保健的，并且给予他们必要的治疗，所以卫生保健的费用是一个很大的挑战。我想，公司的监管环境也将是一个很大的挑战。人们现在正在追求零风险的产品，然而当你早上起床后，走在街上，这也不是一件零风险的事情。所以零风险的产品是很难得到的。药物，顾名思义就有好的效果以及副作用。我曾经将自己的膝盖替换过，每个人都知道那将会有风险，我的替换的膝盖现在证明很好，但是它其实也有不好的可能。有很多这样的事情，我想每个人都在寻找一个零风险的环境，但是实际上它并不是没有风险的，无论什么事情总会伴随有 一定的风险，我们必须要清楚地对此进行界定。我们必须要作详细的研究与调查，研究那些药物以及它们的效果。但我认为，监管环境在试图找出所有问题时也变得有些不愿意接受风险。通常对于病人是那样的，但是很多时候由于人们使用产品的方式你并不能发现所有问题。

1 skunk   

n.臭鼬，黄鼠狼；v.使惨败，使得零分；烂醉如泥

参考例句：

• That was a rotten thing to do, you skunk!那种事做得太缺德了，你这卑鄙的家伙！
• The skunk gives off an unpleasant smell when attacked.受到攻击时臭鼬会发出一种难闻的气味。

2 emerging   

adj.正在不断出现的

参考例句：

• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency. 两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。
• I saw the woman emerging out of a shop. 我看见那个妇女从商店里走出来。

3 definition   

n.定义；限定，确定；清晰度

参考例句：

• The book attempts a definition of his role in world politics.该书要阐明的是他在世界政局中的作用。
• I made a definition for this word.我给这个字下了定义。

4 define   

vt.解释，下定义，阐述，限定，规定

参考例句：

• Please define the words.请解释这些字的意义。
• It's hard to define exactly what has changed.很难解释清楚到底发生了什么变化。

5 somewhat   

pron.一些，某物；adv.多少，几分

参考例句：

• The cake we made was somewhat of a failure.我们做的蛋糕不大成功。
• The two office buildings are somewhat alike in appearance.这两座办公楼在外形上有点相似。

6 averse   

adj.厌恶的；反对的，不乐意的

参考例句：

• I don't smoke cigarettes,but I'm not averse to the occasional cigar.我不吸烟，但我不反对偶尔抽一支雪茄。
• We are averse to such noisy surroundings.我们不喜欢这么吵闹的环境。